一般过去时
知识精讲
一、一般过去时
表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为;过去主语所具备的能力和性格。
二、句子结构
主语+did (动词过去式)
主语+was/were
三、基本用法
用法 | 示例 |
表示过去发生的动作或状态 | My family had a picnic in the park last weekend. 我们全家人上周末在公园有个野炊。 |
表示过去经常或反复发生的动作或状态 | When she was young, she usually went to the library to read books. 当她小的时候,她经常去图书馆读书。 |
表示过去的情况或状态 | There was a small pound in the school before. 之前学校这里有个小池塘。 |
1. yesterday, the day before yesterday
2. 时间段+ago: three years ago, long ago…
3. last: last day/ week/ year…
4. in +过去年份: in 2015…
5. just now 刚才
五、一般过去时动词过去式的规则变化
情况 | 变形 | 示例 |
一般情况 | 加-ed | work-worked, listen-listened |
以e字母结尾 | 直接加-d | live-lived, receive-received |
“辅元辅”结构 | 双写词尾辅音字母加-ed | stop-stopped, chat-chatted |
以辅音字母加 y 结尾 | 变y为i 再加-ed | study-studied |
以元音字母加 y 结尾 | 直接加-ed | enjoy-enjoyed |
变化类型 | 示例 | |
A---A---A型 (现在式、过去式和过去分词同形) | cost cost cost 花费 cut cut cut 割,切 read read read 读 | hit hit hit 打 let let let 让 put put put 放下 |
A---A---B型 | beat beat beaten 打 | |
A---B---A型 | come came come 来、become became become 变、run ran run 跑 | |
A ---B ---B型 | burn burnt burnt 燃烧 | learn learned/learnt learned/learnt学习 |
build built built 建筑 lose lost lost 失去 | lend lent lent 借给 spend spent spent 花费 | |
pay paid paid 付 lay laid laid 下蛋 say said said 说 bring brought brought 带来 buy bought bought 买 think thought thought 想 sleep slept slept 睡 keep kept kept 保持 sweep swept swept 扫 stand stood stood 站 understand understood understood 明白 catch caught caught 抓住 | feel felt felt 觉得 find found found 发现 have had had 有 get got got 得到 hold held held 盛,握 leave left left 离开 make made made 制造 meet met met 遇见 sell sold sold 卖 tell told told 告诉 teach taught taught 教 sit sat sat 坐 fly flew flown 飞 | |
A---B---C型 | eat ate eaten 吃 fall fell fallen 落下 give gave given 给 take took taken 拿 see saw seen 看见 write wrote written 写 ride rode ridden 骑 drive drove driven 驾驶 throw threw thrown 抛,扔 blow blew blown 吹 grow grew grown 生长 know knew known 知道 | steal stole stolen 偷 drink drank drunk 饮 choose chose chosen 选择 forget forgot forgotten 忘记 begin began begun 开始 ring rang rung 按铃 sing sang sung 唱 swim swam swum 游泳 draw drew drawn 拉,绘画 show showed shown 展示 speak spoke spoken 说话 break broke broken 破碎,折断 |
其他不规则动词的变化 | be(am, is) was/ were been 是 go went gone 去 lie lay lain 躺 | do did done 做 wear wore worn 穿
|
be动词 | 行为动词 | |
用法 | 主语是单数用was,复数则用were。 | 所有人称,都用动词过去式did。 |
肯定式 | He was a farmer. 他过去是一名农民。 | He went fishing yesterday. 他昨天去钓鱼了。 |
否定式 | He wasn’t a farmer. 他过去不是一名农民。 | He didn’t go fishing yesterday. 他昨天没去钓鱼。 |
疑问式 | Was he a farmer? 他过去是一名农民吗? | Did he go fishing yesterday? 他昨天去钓鱼了吗? |
简略 回答 | Yes, he was. / No, he wasn’t. 是的,他是。/ 不,他不是。 | Yes, he did. / No, he didn’t. 是的,他去了。/ 不,他没去。 |
一、考点:一般过去的基本用法以及动词过去式的变化规则和不规则变化。
二、易错点:
be(is\\am\\are) 动词本身就是的谓语动词,不能与行为动词的过去式同时使用。不少学生经常出这样的错误。例:
It was rained yesterday. (错误)
It rained yesterday. (正确)
过去式动词不存在第三人称单数的问题。也就是说,一般过去时的句子中,无论主语是什么人称,单数还是复数,统一为动词的过去式。
三、补充点
在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,用一般过去时表示过去将来的动作。例:
He said he would come if I promised to wait for him.
他说如果我答应等他,他会来的。
题模精选
题模一:动词的过去式变化规则
例1.1.1 写出下列动词的过去式形式。
1.am/is _________ do _________ go _________ have_________
2. isn’t _________ aren’t _________ spend_________ cook_________
3. read _________ clean _________ live _________ study_________
题模二:基本用法
例1.2.1 My father_________ ill yesterday.
A. isn’t | B. aren’t |
C. wasn’t | D. weren’t |
A. go | B. went | C. goes | D. goed |
--- Yes, he did.
A. Does; has | B. Did; have |
C. Did; has | D. Does; had |
例1.3.1 Lucy did her homework at home.(改为否定句)
____________________________________________
例1.3.2 I read an interesting book about history last night. (改为否定句)
____________________________________________
例1.3.3 He found some meat in the fridge.(变一般疑问句)
____________________________________________
例1.3.4 She saw Li Lei just now. (变一般疑问句,并作否定回答)
____________________________________________
随堂练习
随练1.1 写出下列动词的过去式形式
1. go _________ enjoy _________
2. buy _________ eat _________
3. get _________ walk _________
4. take _________ dance _________
5. write _________ run _________
6. swim _________ find _________
7. begin _________ are _________
8. play _________ study _________
随练1.2 用动词的适当形式填空。
1. He _________ (work) in that bank four years ago.
2. I _________ (think) of a good idea just now.
3. I _________ (see) him yesterday.
4. He_________ (come) to school at 6 o’clock this morning.
5. He _________ (tell) a story to his daughter yesterday.
6. _________ you _________ (try) to call me last night?
自我总结
作业1 用动词的适当形式填空。
1. The doctor _________ (get) up late this morning.
2. My mother _________ (be) a worker 20 years ago.
3. She _________ (paint) the wall last month.
4. ---_________ (be) you here just now?
--- No, I _________ (be not) here.
5. Why_________ your brother _________ (cry) last night?
6. Yesterday _________ (be) my mother’s birthday.
7. There _________ (be) a shop not long ago.
8. When I was young, I _________ (play) games with my friends.
作业2 The teacher _________ the blackboard yesterday. He used a computer.
A. used not | B. didn’t use |
C. does not use | D. use |
A. Do; studied | B. Did; studied |
C. Did; study | D. Do; study |
A. planed | B. planned |
C. plan | D. have planned |
A. goed | B. goes | C. went | D. go |
--- Yes, he did.
A. Did; teach | B. Does; teach |
C. Did; taught | D. Does; teached |
--- No, but now we have many everywhere.
A. Had | B. Were |
C. Did have | D. Are |
A. didn’t liked | B. didn’t like |
C. don’t like | D. doesn’t like |
--- Yes, we_________ it very much.
A. enjoy; enjoy
B. enjoyed; enjoyed
C. enjoy; enjoyed
D. enjoy; enjoy
作业10 句型转换
1. The children had a good time in the park. (改为否定句)
_______________________________________
2. There were about nine hundred people at the concert.(改为否定句)
_______________________________________
3. Ann did her homework yesterday evening.(变一般疑问句,并作肯定回答)
_______________________________________
4. Last week I read an English book. (变一般疑问句,并作否定回答)
_______________________________________
5. Was your brother in the park just now? (改为肯定句)
_______________________________________
答案解析
一般过去时
题模精选
题模一:动词的过去式变化规则
例1.1.1
【答案】 1. was/ were did went had
2. wasn’t weren’t spent cooked
3. read cleaned lived studied
【解析】 考查动词过去式的变化规则。
题模二:基本用法
例1.2.1
【答案】C
【解析】 考查一般过去时。 yesterday为一般过去时的时间状语,主语是第三人称单数my father,be动词用was,故选C。
例1.2.2
【答案】A
【解析】 考查一般过去时。last week为一般过去时的时间状语,主语是第二人称you,其一般疑问句式要将助动词did提到主语you之前,助动词后跟实义动词的原形。故选A。
例1.2.3
【答案】B
【解析】 考查一般过去时。last night为一般过去时的时间状语,一般疑问句式要将助动词提到主语之前,助动词后跟实义动词的原形。在根据答语Yes, he did. 也可知,故选B。
题模三:句型转换
例1.3.1
【答案】 Lucy didn’t do her homework at home.
【解析】 考查一般过去时。否定句式为:主语+didn’t+do原形。故填Lucy didn’t do her homework at home.。
例1.3.2
【答案】 I didn’t read an interesting book about history last night.
【解析】 考查一般过去时。否定句式为:主语+didn’t+do原形。故填I didn’t read an interesting book about history last night.。
例1.3.3
【答案】 Did he find any meat in the fridge?
【解析】 考查一般过去时。行为动词的疑问句式为:Did+主语+do原形?故填Did he find any meat in the fridge?。
例1.3.4
【答案】 Did she see Li Lei just now? No, she didn’t.
【解析】 考查一般过去时。行为动词的疑问句式为:Did +主语+do原形?否定回答用No, 主语+didn’t.故填Did she see Li Lei just now? No, she didn’t.。
随堂练习
随练1.1
【答案】 1. went; enjoyed
2. bought; ate
3. got; walked
4. took; danced
5. wrote; ran
6. swam; found
7. began; were
8. played; studied
【解析】 1. 考查动词过去式的变化规则。故填went; enjoyed。
2. 考查动词过去式的变化规则。故填bought; ate。
3. 考查动词过去式的变化规则。故填got; walked。
4. 考查动词过去式的变化规则。故填took; danced。
5. 考查动词过去式的变化规则。故填wrote; ran。
6. 考查动词过去式的变化规则。故填swam; found。
7. 考查动词过去式的变化规则。故填began; were。
8. 考查动词过去式的变化规则。故填played; studied。
随练1.2
【答案】 1. worked
2. thought
3. saw
4. came
5. told
6. Did; try
【解析】 1. 考查一般过去时。ago为一般过去时的时间状语。故填worked。
2. 考查一般过去时。just now为一般过去时的时间状语。故填thought。
3. 考查一般过去时。yesterday为一般过去时的时间状语。故填saw。
4. 考查一般过去时。this morning为一般过去时的时间状语。故填came。
5. 考查一般过去时。yesterday 为一般过去时的时间状语。故填told。
6. 考查一般过去时。last night为一般过去时的时间状语。故填Did; try。
作业1
【答案】 1. got
2. was
3. painted
4. Were; wasn’t
5. did; cry
6. was
7. was
8. played
【解析】 1. 考查一般过去时。this morning为一般过去时的时间状语。故填got。
2. 考查一般过去时。20 years ago为一般过去时的时间状语。故填was。
3. 考查一般过去时。last month为一般过去时的时间状语。故填painted。
4. 考查一般过去时。just now为一般过去时的时间状语。故填Were; wasn’t。
5. 考查一般过去时。last night为一般过去时的时间状语。故填did; cry。
6. 考查一般过去时。Yesterday为一般过去时的时间状语。故填was。
7. 考查一般过去时。ago为一般过去时的时间状语。故填was。
8. 考查一般过去时。由前半句When I was young可知是在描述过去的事情。故填played。
作业2
【答案】B
【解析】 考查一般过去时。yesterday为一般过去时的时间状语。主语+didn’t + do原形,构成的一般过去时的否定形式。故选B。
作业3
【答案】C
【解析】 考查一般过去时。this morning为一般过去时的时间状语。Did +主语+do原形?构成的一般过去时的疑问句。故选C。
作业4
【答案】B
【解析】 考查一般过去时。last week为一般过去时的时间状语。主语+ did,构成的一般过去时的肯定句。故选B。
作业5
【答案】C
【解析】 考查一般过去时。由后半句中动词had的时态可知是一般过去时。因此可知前半句也是一般过去时。go 的过去式为went。故选C。
作业6
【答案】A
【解析】 考查一般过去时。last year为一般过去时的时间状语。Did+主语+do原形?构成的一般过去时的疑问句。故选A。
作业7
【答案】B
【解析】 考查一般过去时。由答语可知问句是对过去的事情进行的提问,there be句型的疑问句式为Was/Were +there+其它?故选B。
作业8
【答案】B
【解析】 考查一般过去时。three year ago为一般过去时的时间状语。主语+didn’t + do原形。构成的一般过去时的否定形式。故选B。
作业9
【答案】C
【解析】 考查一般过去时。yesterday为一般过去时的时间状语。Did+主语+do原形?构成的一般过去时的疑问句。故选C。
作业10
【答案】 1. The children didn’t have a good time in the park.
2. There weren’t about nine hundred people at the concert.
3. Did Ann do her homework yesterday evening? Yes, she did.
4. Did you read an English book last week ? No, I didn’t.
5. My brother was in the park just now.
【解析】 1. 考查一般过去时。主语+didn’t + do原形,构成一般过去时的否定句。故填The children didn’t have a good time in the park.。
2. 考查一般过去时。there be句型的一般过去时的否定式为there wasn’t /weren’t。故填There weren’t about nine hundred people at the concert.。
3. 考查一般过去时。Did +主语+do原形? 构成了一般过去式的疑问句。故填Did Ann do her homework yesterday evening? Yes, she did.。
4. 考查一般过去时。Did +主语+do原形? 构成了一般过去式的疑问句。其否定回答为No, 主语+didn’t. 故填Did you read an English book last week ? No, I didn’t.。
5. 考查一般过去时。主语+was +其它。构成了一般过去时的肯定句。注意人称的转换。故填My brother was in the park just now.。