
原句1
That’s bad news for the environment- and our wallets - as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.
参考译文
这对环境和我们的钱包来说是个坏消息,因为这些过时的设备消耗的能量比那些做同样事情的新设备消耗的能量要多。
句式分析
整体分析:本句为复合句,两个从句。从句1用了比较结构。
1.That’s bad news for the environment- and our wallets 为主句。
2.as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things为从句,做原因状语从句。同时,从句套有 that do the same things句做the newer ones 的定语从句。
重点词汇
∙environment环境,外界; 周围,围绕; 工作平台; 环境
∙wallets皮夹; 钱夹( wallet的名词复数 ); 塑料夹
∙outdated过时的,旧式的,落伍的,不流行的; 使过时(outdate的过去式和过去分词)
∙devices设备; 手段; 装置( device的名词复数 ); 花招; 计划
∙consume消耗,消费; 耗尽,毁灭; 吃光,喝光; 烧毁
∙energy精力; 活力; 能量; 精神
原句2
To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life - from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. 参考译文
为了弄清楚这些设备的使用功率,纽约罗彻斯特理工学院的Callie Babbitt和她的同事们追踪了每个产品的环境成本——从开采矿物到停止使用设备。
句式分析
整体分析:本句为简单句。,主句中 at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York 为Callie Babbitt and her colleagues 的定语,for each product throughout its life 为the environmental costs的定语。破折号后from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device对throughout its life进行解释说明。
1.To figure out how much power these devices are using为目的状语。
2句中 at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York 为Callie Babbitt and her colleagues 的定语,for each product throughout its life 为the environmental costs的定语。破折号后from when its minerals are 。
3.Callie Babbitt and her colleagues tracked the environmental costs 为主干。
重点词汇
∙figure out想出; 解决; 计算出; 弄明白
∙tracked跟踪( track的过去式和过去分词 ); 跟踪摄影; 留下足迹; 追随
∙environmental costs环境费用
∙mined在…中开采,开采( mine的过去式和过去分词 ); 在…中[下]布雷; 以地雷[水雷]炸毁
∙stop using废而不用
原句3
They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.
参考译文
他们发现在平板电脑上取代电视和台式电脑观看更多的按需娱乐可以减少44%的能源消耗。
句式分析
整体分析:本句为复合句,从句主语修饰部分较长。
1.They found为从句,用了被动句式。
2.that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.为从句。more on-demand entertainment,on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers都是viewing 的定语。
重点词汇
∙entertainment娱乐节目; 娱乐,消遣; 招待,款待
∙viewing注视,检视,观察
∙tablets药片( tablet的名词复数 ); 简; 碑; 一块肥皂
∙instead of代替…, 而不是…, 而不用…
∙desktop桌面
∙energy consumption能耗; 能量[动力]消耗
原句1
When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers,small,tightly knit(联系)groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.
参考译文
在狩猎的时代,狩猎团队各自形成了自己的语言模式。
句式分析
整体分析:本句为复合句,从句用了被动语态,主句套有两个of结构。
1.When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers为从句,用了被动句式。
2.small,tightly knit(联系)groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other为主句。两个of结构,都是介宾短语成为名词定语的具体体现。
重点词汇
∙populated居住于( populate的过去式和过去分词 ); 生活于; 移民于; 落户于
∙hunter-gatherers依靠狩猎和采集生活的人( hunter-gatherer的名词复数 )
∙tightly紧紧地,坚固地,牢固地
∙knit编织,; 接合; 使皱起,; 使紧密相联; 编织物
∙groups集团; 群; 组( group的名词复数 );使成群,集合( group的第三人称单数 ); 分类
∙patterns方式; 榜样( pattern的名词复数 ); 样品; 模仿( pattern的第三人称单数 )
∙independent of不依赖…,于…
原句2
In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English,Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
参考译文
近几个世纪以来,由于过去的几十年里贸易、工业化、发展 ,民族国家的发展和普及义务教育,特别是全球化和更好的交流,都导致了许多语言的消失。英语、西班牙语和汉语等主流语言越来越快的发展。
句式分析
整体分析:本句为并列句,句中套有多个修饰成分。
1.分句1all have caused many languages to disappear,
2.分句2 and dominant languages such as English,Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
3. In recent centuries为状语;trade, industrialisation;the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education和especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades都是all的具体内容。
重点词汇
∙industrialisation工业化
∙nation-state单一民族国家
∙compulsory education义务教育
∙globalisation全球化,=globalization
∙decades十年,十年间( decade的名词复数 )
∙disappear不见,消失; 不复存在,灭绝
∙dominant占优势的; 统治的主因,要素
∙increasingly越来越多地; 日益,格外
∙take over接管
原句3
he median number (中位数) of speakers is mere 6,000, which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that.
参考译文
(仅几内亚一国就有超过800年的人口),(而)说话人的中的人数仅为6,000人,这意味着世界上有一半的语言是由比这更少的人说的。
句式分析
整体分析:本句为并列句,定语从句中有被动语态,介宾短语,宾语从句。
1.The median number(中位数) of speakers is mere 6,000为主句。
2.which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that为定语从句,which为引导词,其先行词为整个主句。从句套有宾语从句 that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that.在宾语从句中第一个that为连接词,第二个that代替language,为代词。
重点词汇
median中间的; 的; 中值的; 中位数; 中线; 中值
number数量; 号码; 数字; 编号; 标号; 总计; 把…算作
mere纯粹的; 仅仅,只不过; 小的,轻微的; 小湖,池塘; 〈英〉边境
means mean的第三人称单数,意思是,意味着;而means为:办法,方法
