a.duality of structure b.genetic feature c.arbitrariness d.displacement
2. which of the following forms a minimal pair?
a.fear, pear b.tip, pit c.food, foot d.beat, bit
3. the word "realization" consists of _____ syllables as against _____ morphemes.
a.five/five b.five/four c.four/three d.four/four
4. which of the following underlined parts is a free morpheme?
a.understandable b.eastward c.otherwise d.without
5. the following underlined parts are termed specifier except___?
a.run quickly b.always make mistakes c.very interesting d.the old man
6. ‘slim’ and ‘skinny’ are ___.
a.dialectal synonyms b.collocational synonyms c.stylistic synonyms
d.synonyms that differ in their emotive meaning
7. ‘she sings very well’ is a ___-place predication.
a.no b.one c.two d.three
8. which of the following best describes the relations between “alice’s brother is in uk.” and “alice has a brother.”?
a.the former is synonymous with the latter. b.the former is inconsistent with the latter.
c.the former entails the latter. d.the former presupposes the latter.
9. the word “dink” is a(n) ____.a.acronym b.blend c.clipped word d.coined word
10. “up you go, chaps!” belongs to ____ language.
a.intimate b.frozen c.consultative d.casual
11. the great wall belongs to ____ culture. a.material
b.spiritual c.folk d.none of the above
12. if the child calls all men “daddy”, then we may say the child has ____ the meaning of the word “daddy”.
a.overgeneralized b.overextended c.overused d.overstressed
13. the first consonants the child can make are made with the lips and they are ____.
a.[p,b,n] b.[p,b,m] c.[t,d,n] d.[t,d,m]
14. which of the following sentences is an example of overgeneralization?
a.jane told me to give up smoking. b.jane asked me to give up smoking.
c.jane advised me to give up smoking. d.jane suggested me to give up smoking.
15. which side(s) of muscles of ours does our left brain control?
a.both left and right b.left c.right d.sometimes left, sometimes right
16. the nativist view of language acquisition is held by ____.
a. bloomfield b. chomsky c. saussure d. skinners
17. which of the following underlined parts is a bound morpheme?
a. relationship b. bedroom c. milkman d. childlike
18. which of the following word does not belong to the open classes?
a. hate b. able c. the d. rapidly
19. which of the following is the head of the phrase ‘often read science fictions’?
a. often b. read c. science d. fictions
20. the words “long” and “short” are ______ opposites.
a. gradable b. ungradable c. relational d. complementary
21. which of the following is the correct componential analysis of the word “milk”?
a.[+drinks-liquid-countable] b.[+food-solid+countable]
c.[+food+solid+countable] d.[+drinks+liquid-countable]
22. the relation between ‘furniture’ and ‘chair’ is ___.
a. homophony b. homography c. hyponymy d. polysemy
23. which of the following is a representative?
a. you’d better go to see a doctor.
b. i promise to buy you something when i come back.
c. i now declare the meeting close. d. i have never seen the man before.
24. which of the following is a commissive?
a. i’m really sorry to hear that.b. i will bring you the book tomorrow without fail.
c. you’d better go and see her. d. i now declare the meeting open.
25. the linguist that distinguishes three social variables (field, mode, tenor) that determine the register is ____.
a. chomsky b. halliday c. bloomfield d. firth
26. language acquisition refers to the child’s acquisition of his ____.
a. first language b. second language c. foreign language d. target language
27. which of the following best describes the relations between “he paid a visit to japan.” and “he paid a visit to east asia.”?
a. the former is synonymous with the latter.b. the former is inconsistent with the latter.
c. the former entails the latter. d. the former presupposes the latter.
28. instances of mother tongue interference can be found at the level of ____.
a. pronunciation b. syntax c. vocabulary d. all of the above
29. the critical period hypothesis was popularized by ____.
a. chomsky b. searle c. lenneberg d. austin
30. features of motherese do not include ____.
a. complex structure b. easy words c. rich intonation d. repetition
正误判断题:(a代表“正确”,b代表“错误”)
1. the task of a linguist is to discover the nature and rules of the underlying language system. a
2. a phone does not necessarily distinguish meaning. a
3. the morpheme ‘–or’ in ‘actor’ is an inflectional morpheme. b
4. phrases can consist of just one word, but more often they contain other elements as well. a
5. hyponymy is a relation of exclusion of meaning. b
6. context in linguistics only refers to the relation between lines or paragraphs of a text. b
7. if i said to you, ' it' s very stuffy here.' , then my illocutionary act may be asking you to switch on the air-conditioner. a
8. in chaucer' s the canterbury tales, we can find ' his' to replace ' it' in modern english, as in ' whan that aprille with his shoures sooth' . this reflects the change in the ' agreement' rule. a
9. the word ' baby-sit' is a word from back-formation. a
10. the word ' holiday' has gone through the widening of meaning. a
11. the word ' silly' used to mean ' happy' in old english. a
12. pidgins came from a blending of a few languages. a
13. a typical example of a bilingual community is an ethnic ghetto where most of the inhabitants are either immigrants or children of immigrants. a
14. the use of such sentences as ' i ain' t afraid of no ghosts' to mean ' i' m not afraid of ghosts' is one of the syntactic features of black english. a
15. language plays a major role in socializing the people and perpetuating culture, especially in print form. a
16. n. chomsky claims that men are biologically programmed for language. a
17. the expression ' mummy play ball' is typical of telegraphic speech. a
18. the incorrect sentence ' the question is too difficult to answer it.' is very probably the result of overgeneralization. b
19. errors people make in spontaneous speech often involve a phonological feature such as voicing. for example,people sometimes say ‘pig' instead of ' pick' . a
20. ' the flying of the plane' is ambiguous. a
21. “he is easy to please” has the same deep structure as “he is eager to please.” b
22. a meaningful sentence means that the sentence is syntactically well-formed. b
23. according to palmer, there are no real synonyms in a language. a
24. sentence meaning is richer than utterance meaning. b
25. two languages are used side by side with each having a different role to play and language switching occurs when the situation changes. this is referred to as the situation of bilingualism. a
26. english is a tone language while chinese is an intonation language. b
27. utterance meaning is context-independent. a
28. standard dialect was a kind of regional dialect. b
29. linguistic forms having the same sense may have different references in different situations. a
30. a behaviorist’s view of language acquisition holds that language learning is different from the learning of other skills. b
31. bbc is an example of clipping. b
32. language is primarily written. b
33. broad transcriptions are used in dictionaries. a
34. bound morphemes cannot occur “unattached”. a
35. the meaning of a compound is always the sum of the meanings of its parts. b
综合应用题:请参考网络学院课程网站中的补充练习中的类似题目的回答或辅导课上老师对类似例题的讲解。
analyze the following conversation with the cooperative principle theory (including the theory, and analysis of the conversation).
1. child: i am hungry, mother.
mother: but we’re going out now.
2. zhang: where are you going?
li: i’m going home, but i don’t know where.
3. teacher: go back to your se-e-e.., mary.
student: thank you.
4. mother: give me a cup of wine, john.(actually she does not want to drink any)
child: ok, here you are.