1. The table shows the changes in the number of...over the period from...to... 该表格描述了在...年之...年间...数量的变化。
2. The bar chart illustrates that... 该柱状图展示了...
3. The graph provides some data regarding... 该图为我们提供了有关... 数据。
4. The diagram shows (that)... 该图向我们展示了...
5. The pie graph depicts (that).... 该圆形图揭示了...
6. This is a cure graph which describes the trend of... 这个曲线图描述了...的趋势。
7. The figures/statistics show (that)... 数据(字)表明...
8. The tree diagram reveals how... 该树型图向我们揭示了如何...
9. The data/statistics show (that)... 该数据(字)可以这样理解...
10. The data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that... 这些数据资料令我们得出结论...
11. As is shown/demonstrated/exhibited in the diagram/graph/chart/table... 如图所示...
12. According to the chart/figures... 根据这些表(数字)...
13. As is shown in the table... 如表格所示...
14. As can be seen from the diagram, great changes have taken place in... 从图中可以看出,...发生了巨大变化。
15. From the table/chart/diagram/figure, we can see clearly that...or it is clear/apparent from the chart that... 从图表我们可以很清楚(明显)看到...
16. This is a graph which illustrates... 这个图表向我们展示了...
17. This table shows the changing proportion of a & b from...to... 该表格描述了...年到...年间a与b的比例关系。
18. The graph, presented in a pie chart, shows the general trend in... 该图以圆形图形式描述了...总的趋势。
19. This is a column chart showing... 这是个柱型图,描述了...
20.As can be seen from the graph, the two curves show the fluctuation of... 如图所示,两条曲线描述了...的波动情况。
21. Over the period from...to...the...remained level. 在...至...期间,...基本不变。
22. In the year between...and... 在...年到...期间...
23. In the 3 years spanning from 1995 through 1998... 1995年至1998三年里...
24. From then on/from this time onwards... 从那时起...
25. The number of...remained steady/stable from (month/year) to (month/year). ...月(年)至...月(年)...的数量基本不变。
26. The number sharply went up to... 数字急剧上升至...
27. The percentage of...stayed the same between...and... ...至...期间...的比率维持不变。
28.The figures peaked at...in(month/year) ...的数目在...月(年)达到顶点,为...
29. The percentage remained steady at... 比率维持在...
30. The percentage of...is slightly larger/smaller than that of... ...的比例比...的比例略高(低)。
31. There is not a great deal of difference between...and... ...与...的区别不大。
32. The graphs show a threefold increase in the number of... 该图表表明...的数目增长了三倍。
33....decreased year by year while...increased steadily. ...逐年减少,而...逐步上升。
34. The situation reached a peak(a high point at) of[%]. ...的情况(局势)到达顶(高)点,为...百分点。
35. The figures/situation bottomed out in... 数字(情况)在...达到底部。
36. The figures reached the bottom/a low point/hit a trough. 数字(情况)达到底部(低谷)。
37. a is ...times as much/many as b. a是b的...倍。
38. a increased by... a增长了...
39. a increased to... a增长到...
40. high/low/great/small/ percentage. 比低高(低)
41. There is an upward trend in the number of... ...数字呈上升趋势。
42. a considerable increase/decrease occurred from...to... ...到...发生急剧上升。
43. from...to...the rate of decrease slow down. 从...到...,下降速率减慢。
44. from this year on,there was a gradual decline/reduction in the...,reaching a figure of... 从这年起,...逐渐下降至...
45. be similar to... 与...相似
46. be the same as... 与...相同
47. There are a lot similarities/differences between...and... ...与...之间有许多相似(不同)之处
48. a has something in common with b a于b有共同之处。
49. the difference between a and b lies in... a与b之间的差别在于...
50... (year)witnessed/saw a sharp rise in... ...年...急剧上升。
51. In managerial positions, there are more males than females.
52. A greater percentage of men than women are found in managerial positions.
53. A smaller percentage of women than men are employed in managerial positions.
54. The percentage of men employed in managerial positions is much larger than women in these occupations.
55. College students bought more fiction books than others.
56. More urban dwellers have a water supply than rural dwellers.
57. Fewer rural dwellers have a water supply than urban dwellers.
58.In 1980, 30% of rural dwellers had drinking water compared with 50% in 1990.
59. In 1980, 30 % of rural dwellers had drinking water, whereas in 1990 50 % had it.
60. The students in class A are three times as many as those in class B.
61. The profit doubled from May ω June.www.Examda.CoM考试就到考试大
62. The profit increased three-fold from May to June.
63. They made twice the profit in June than in March.
. They made three times the profit in June than in March.
Task1 写作常识
一、图形种类及概述法:
泛指一份数据图表:a data graph/chart/diagram/illustration/table
饼图:pie chart
直方图或柱形图:bar chart / histogram
趋势曲线图:line chart / curve diagram
表格图:table
流程图或过程图:flow chart / sequence diagram
程序图:processing/procedures diagram
以下是一些较常用的描述用法
The table/chart diagram/graph shows (that)
According to the table/chart diagram/graph
As (is) shown in the table/chart diagram/graph
As can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures,
figures/statistics shows (that)...
It can be seen from the figures/statistics
We can see from the figures/statistics
It is clear from the figures/statistics
It is apparent from the figures/statistics
table/chart/diagram/graph figures (that) ...
table/chart/diagram/graph shows/describes/illustrates how
......
阅卷考官经常是不会看那些图表的,因此文章必须逻辑清晰,如果描述得能令人在脑海里勾画出那个data chart,这篇task1无疑会达到8分的水平。开篇的第一句话可以是一句高度概括性的introduction(当然开门见山直接描述也是一种写法);这样做不仅使文章更趋于完美,而且可以达到凑字数的目的(但不要照抄题目,除非时间相当紧迫)。接下来另起一段开始进行描述(根据实际情况1-2段),这当中经常要连续使用非限定性定于从句,从而使得描述过程流畅、清晰。最后也可再另起一段进行简短的综述(并非必须)。上述的任何一个步骤都要遵循依据现有data进行客观描述的原则,任何推测性或议论性的内容写得再多、再精彩不仅不会加分,而且还会成为扣分的因素。
二、data的具体表达法
data在某一个时间段固定不变:fixed in time
在一系列的时间段中转变:changes over time
持续变化的data在不同情况下:
增加:increase / raise / rise / go up ...
减少:decrease / grow down / drop / fall ...
波动:fluctuate / rebound / undulate / wave ...
稳定:remain stable / stabilize / level off ...
最常用的两种表达法:
动词 + 副词形式(Verb + Adverb form)
形容词 + 名词形式(Adjective + Noun form)
句型结构:
1. Verb + Adverb form
The number of XXX
+increase/jump/rise/decrease/drop/fall/fluctuate...
+insignificantly/significantly/slightly/suddenly/rapidly/dramatically/sharply/steeply/steadily/gradually/slowly...
+from (第一时间) to (第二时间) / between (第一时间) and (第二时间)
2. Adjective + Noun form
There was a (very) sudden/rapid/dramatic/significant/sharp/steep/steady/gradual/slow/slight
+increase/jump/rise/decrease/drop/fall/fluctuation (注意:上述很多词不可用于修饰fluctuation)
+in the number of XXX from (第一时间) to (第二时间) / between (第一时间) and (第二时间)
描述稳定的data:
The number of XXX remained steady/stable from (第一时间) to (第二时间) / between (第一时间) and (第二时间)
The number of XXX stayed the same from (第一时间) to (第二时间) / between (第一时间) and (第二时间)
There was little change / hardly any change / no change in the number of XXX from from (第一时间) to (第二时间) / between (第一时间) and (第二时间)
描述不同状态的data
Noun form:
steady drop / sharp rise peak / dramatic fall / sharp drop
Verbal form:
(to) bottom out / (to) reach the bottom / (to) increase gradually / (to) reach a plateau
The monthly profit / The figures / The situation ...
+peaked in (月份/年) <准确时间点用at XXX> at XXX% / XXX(极点data)
或者reached a peak / a high point at XXX% / XXX(极点data)
低点极值:
XXX bottomed out / reached
+rock / the bottom / a low point
或者hit a trough
此外,在描述过程中还有很多的conjunctional words/sentences,最常用的固定搭配如下:
并列: as well as(句首/中), also, as well(句尾), either, neither, too, moreover, furthermore, in addition, additionally, besides, what’s more, apart from ...
举例: for example, for instance, to illustrate, as an illustration, in particular, particularly, especially
事实: as a matter of fact, in fact, actually, as long as, so long as ...
雷同/近似:similarly, likewise(句首/尾), at the same time, equally ...
转折: however, whereas, nevertheless, nonetheless, though, although, even though, while, yet, on the contrary, contrarily, in contrast, conversely, on the other hand, unlikely, in stead (of), in spite of, despite of ...
原因与结果
1. cause-suggestion (几乎不常用)
since / now that ...; I hope that...
because of/on account of/owing to/thanks to + (doing) sth, I hope that...
2. cause-effect (较常用)
XXX lead to / bring about / result in/ account for ...
(一个句子), therefore / thus / hence / as a result / consequently / (and) so ...
3. effect-cause (较常用)
XXX be caused by / result from / be the result of / be the effect of / be the consequence of ...
(一个句子), because ...
it is adj. that ...
it is unimaginable that ...
it is undeniable that ...
it is interesting to discover that ...
其它相关常用词(组)
1. 主章开头
图表类型:table; chart; diagram; graph; column chart; pie graph
描述:show; describe; illustrate; can be seen from; clear; apparent; reveal; represent
内容:figure; statistic; number; percentage; proportion
2. 表示数据
一般:have 10%; at 10%; over 10%
最高(低)点:peaked; reached a peak / high point
bottomed out; reached the bottom
变化:recover 略有回升; increase; jump; rise/rose; climb
decrease; fall/fell; drop; decline; reduce
fluctuate 浮动,摇摆不定
remained steady/stable; stay the same; little/hardly any /no change
变化程度:sudden/suddenly 突然的,意外的
rapid/rapidly 迅速的,飞快的,险峻的
dramatic/dramatically 戏剧性的,生动的
significant/significantly 有意义的,重大的,重要的
sharp/sharply 锐利的,明显的,急剧的
steep/steeply 急剧升降的
steady/steadily 稳固的,坚定不移的
gradual/gradually 渐进的,逐渐的
slow/slowly 缓慢的,不活跃的
slight/slightly轻微的、略微地
stable/stably 稳定的
表示范围:from XXX to XXX; between XXX and XXX; for XXX to XXX多长时间直到
表示程度:almost adv. 几乎,差不多
nearly adv. 几乎,密切地
approximately adv. 近似的,大约
about adv. 附近, 大约,转向,左右,周围
just over 刚超过
over adv. 结束,越过,从头到尾
exactly adv. 正确地,严密地
precisely adv. 正好 精确地;清晰地
比例:20 per cent 20%
one in three 1/3
one out of every four 1/4
3. 其它在描述中的常用到的词
significant changes 图中一些较大变化
in terms of / in respect of / regarding 在...方面
in contrast 相反,大不相同
in conclusion adv. 最后,总之
in comparison 相比之下
inversely adv. 相反地,倒转地
in general 通常,大体上,一般而言
range from
excessive adj. 过多的,过分的,额外
lower v.降低,跌落
elapse vi.(时间)过去,消逝
category n.种类
government policy
market forces 市场规率
measure n. 尺寸,方法,措施 v.估量,调节
forecast n. 先见,预见 v. 预测
1、通过第一个曲线图,我们可以知道____,也说明了结果是___
According to the first graph, it can be seen that ______________, it can also be
concluded from it that ______________.
2、一张有趣、有教育意义的、(内容)的图片
There is an interesting and instructive picture which goes like this: ___________.
3、当前有一张涉及______的增长曲线图,许多人______,然而其他人倾向于___
Nowadays there is a growing concern over ______________. Many people like
______________, while others are inclined to ______________.
4、目前,共同之处是_________,许多人喜欢______因为_______除此之外还由于_____
Nowadays, it is common to ______________. Many people like ______________
because ______________. Besides, ______________.
5、(图表所示)_____,就像许多其他事物,被____更加喜爱,然而这一观点正被________ 所抨击,一些人认为_________,他们指出___________
______________, just like many other things, are preferred by ______________.
While being attacked by the idea that ______________, some people consider
______________. They point that ______________.
6、每种事物都有两面性和________,是没有异议的,包括利和弊
Everything has two sides and ______________ is not an exception, it has both
advantages and disadvantages.
7、_____作为_____被观察了许多年,但是人们现在像发现新一样注视着它
For years ______________ had been viewed as ______________. But people are
taking a fresh look at it now.
8、保证________,对于这份保证,大多数人做出了强烈地回应,因为_____
It has stipulated by the government that ______________. To this stipulation,
many people respond actively because ______________.
9、_______出现在我们日常生活中是很平常的,无论我们做什么,_______都是不可避免的
______________ is a common occurrence in our daily life. Whatever we do,
______________ can't be avoided.
10、_____在人群中已经成为热门话题,特别是在年轻人中,激烈的争论无休止
______________ has become a hot topic among people, especially among the
young, and heated debates are right on their way.
常用的连接词
1)表顺序
first, firstly, to begin with, further, in the first place
second, secondly, to start with, still furthermore
third, thirdly, what is more, last, last but not least
also, and, then, next, besides
and, equally important, too, moreover
besides, in addition, finally
2)表转折;
by contrast, although, though, yet
at the same time, but despite the fact that, even so
in contrast, nevertheless, even though, for all that
notwithstanding, on the contrary, however, in spite of
on the other hand, otherwise, instead, still
regardless
3)表因果;
therefore, consequently, because of, for the reason
thus, hence, due to, owing to
so, accordingly, thanks to, on this account
since, as, on that account, in this way
for, as a result, as a consequence
4)表让步:
still, nevertheless, concession, granted, naturally
in spite of, all the same, of course, despite
even so, after all
5)表递近:
furthermore, moreover, likewise, what is more
besides, also, not only...but also...
too in addition
6)表举例:
for example, for instance, for one thing that is
to illustrate, as an illustration, a case in point
7)表解释:
as a matter of fact, frankly speaking, in this case namely
in other words
8)表总结:
in summary, in a word, thus, as has been said
in brief, in conclusion, altogether, in other words
to conclude, in fact, finally, in simpler terms
indeed, in short, in particular, that is
in other words, of course, on the whole, to put it differently
namely, in all, therefore, to summarize