A.词汇.词组.同近义词.重点搭配
I.重点词组:
1. in English 用英语 2. telephone/phone number 电话号码
3. first/given name 名字 4. last / family name 姓氏
5. in China 在中国 6. (school) ID card 学生卡;身份证
7. middle school 中学 8. middle school student 中学生
9. a photo of 一张…的照片 10.family photo 全家福
11.family tree 家谱 12. family member 家庭成员
13.Chinese-English dictionary 汉英字典 14.English- Chinese dictionary英汉字典
15. pencil box/case 文具盒 16.excuse me 劳驾;请原谅
17.Teacher’s Day 教师节 18.May Day 劳动节
19.Children’s Day 儿童节 20.Women’s Day 妇女节
21.New’s Day/ New Year新年 22.Father’s Day 父亲节
23.Mother’s Day 母亲节 24.on Friday afternoon 在周五下午
25.play computer games; play the computer game 26. play games with sb.
打电子游戏 和某人一起玩游戏
28. have a good day=have a good/nice/great/wonderful time=have fun=enjoy oneself
玩得开心;过得愉快
29. ask sb. for sth. 请/恳求某人(给予)某物;向某人要某物
30. after class/school/dinner/that 下课后/放学后/晚饭后/随后
31. have/eat…for breakfast/lunch/dinner(supper) 吃..作为早餐/午餐/晚餐
32. want to do sth. =would like to do sth.=feel like doing sth. 想要做某事
33.a set of一套;一副;一组 34.a set of keys 一串钥匙
35.in /on/ under the sofa 在沙发里/上/下 36.come on 快点;加油
37. tape player 录音机 38.model plane 模型飞机
39. soccer ball 足球 40.watch TV 看电视
41. play / do sports 做运动(=exercise) 42. What/How about…? …怎么样?…呢?
43.think about 思考;考虑 44.healthy food 健康食品
45.junk food 垃圾食品 46.fruit salad 水果沙拉
47.birthday cake/party 生日蛋糕/派对 48.book sale 图书售卖活动
49.thank you/thanks for 为…而感谢 50.sports/running star 运动/跑步明星
51. sports shoes运动鞋 52. a pair of 一双→two pairs of 两双
53.eating/living habits 饮食/生活习惯 54. call sb. at+号码 拨打电话…给某人
55.want to be 想成为;想变得 56.English test/exam 英语测验/考试
57. school trip 学校旅行 58.art festival 艺术节
59.for sure无疑;肯定 60.from…to… 从…到…
61. an hour 一小时 62. half an hour半小时
63.what time 几点 .How old 几岁;多大
65. year(s) old …岁 66.How much 多少钱;多少(提问不可数名词数量)
67.what color 什么颜色 68. at a very good price以非常不错的价格
II.重点词形变化:
1.I---_______(形物代)---_______ (名物代)---_______(宾格)______
2.you---_______(形物代)---_______ (名物代)---_________(宾格)______
3. he_______(形物代)---_______ (名物代)---(宾格)______
4.she---_______(形物代)---_______ (名物代)---(宾格)_______
5. they_______(形物代)---_______ (名物代)---(宾格)_______
6. we_______(形物代)---_______ (名物代)---(宾格)_______
7. one---_______第一 8.two---_________第二
9.three---__________第三 10.five---__________第五
11.twelve---____________第十二 12.eight---_________第八
13.nine---___________第九 14.twenty----____________第二十
15.teach教----_________教师 16.lose失去;丢失---(过去式)________
17.do—(V三单)___________ 17.go—(V三单)___________
18.have---(V三单)__________ 19.China--_______________中国的/人;中文
20.tomato---(pl)___________ 21.potato---(pl)__________
22.photo--(pl)_________ 23.radio收音机---(pl)__________
25.bamboo竹子---(pl)__________ 26.woman--(pl)___________
27.man---(pl)_______ 28.vegetable---(pl)_____________
29.health健康(n.)--___________健康的---____________不健康的
30.real真的---_________真正地 31.use用---(adj.)________有用/益的
32.interest 兴趣---______________有趣的----_______________感兴趣的
33.bore使厌烦---_____________厌烦的----________________无聊的
34.relax使放松---_____________感到放松的;自在的---_________________轻松的
35. this--(pl)___________ 36. that---(pl)___________
37.here这---(反义词)__________ 38. late迟的---(反义词)__________
IV.重点搭配:
1. after / before doing sth. 在..做某事之后/之前
2. finish doing sth.=complete doing sth. 完成/结束做某事
3. Let’s do sth. 让我们做某事吧。
4. What/How about doing sth? 做某事怎么样?做某事呢?
5.think about doing sth.思考/考虑做某事
6. Thank you/Thanks for doing sth. 为了做某事而感谢
7.find it+adj. to do sth. 发现做某事是…的
B.重点交际句型及语法:
I.交际句型:
1.问候:
--Hello! / Hi!/Good morning!/ Good afternoon!/ Good evening!
-- Hello! / Hi!/Good morning!/ Good afternoon!/ Good evening!
--Nice to meet you! --Nice to meet you, too!
---How do you do? ---How do you do? (你好?陌生人之间初次见面)
--- How are you? --- I’m fine/OK/ well.
2.问颜色:what color
---What color is your T-shirt? ---It’s red.
3. 问对方的电话号码: --What’s your telephone/phone number? --It’s 3816234.
4. 介绍人物:This is … / That is 复数:These are…/ Those are..
5.问物品及所属关系:
--Is this your pencil? --Yes, it is. It’s mine. / No, it isn’t. It’s hers.
--Are these your keys? -- Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t. they’re his.
6.感谢和应答:
---Thank you for your help.
-–You’re welcome./ That’s all right./That’s OK./Not at all./No problem./
It’s a /my pleasure./With pleasure.
--- Thank you for offering me a big meal. --- I’m glad you like it.
7.表建议:
1)Let’s + 动词原形. “让我们…..吧”
2)What / How about + 名词或动词ing形式。“…怎么样?…呢”
3) Why don’t you 或Why not +动词原形 “为什么不…呢?” 4)should/could+动词原形
5)You’d better+动词原形 “你最好…”
回答可用:That sounds good/ interesting. /Sounds good / great. /OK./ Sure. /Good idea./ Why not?
----Let’s think about the food. –Sure.
---How about some fruit? --Sounds good.
8.问价钱:How much is + 单数物品;How much are + 复数物品。
---How much is this T-shirt? ---It’s 10 dollars.
---How much are these socks? ---They are 3 dollars.
9.购物用语: --Can/May I help you? = What can I do for you?
--Yes, please. I need (want)… / No, thanks./ Yes,thanks.
10.问时间(点钟):--What’s the time? / What time is it? --It’s eight./ It’s ten forty-five.
11. 问星期: --What day is it today? --It’s Thursday.
12.问日期:---What’s the date today? ---It’s May 12th. (顺序:月+日)
注:“日”用序数词表示。
13.问星期和日期: ---What’s today? ---It’s Monday, the 25th. (顺序:星期+日期)
14.问生日: --When is your birthday? ---My birthday is on March 1st. / It’s on March 1st
--When is Mike’s birthday? ---It’s in August.
注:在月日,年月日或具体的某一天前介词用on; 在月、季节、年或年月前介词用in . 在具体的点钟之前介词用at。
如:on December 12th, 2014 on Teachers’ Day in summer
in 2015 in December 2014 on Sunday evening at 9:00
15. 问年龄:how old “几岁,多大年纪”
---How old are you? ---I’m twelve (years old).
---How old is your father? ---He is 40 (years old).
16. ---How’s your day? (今天你过得怎么样) ---It’s OK./ It’s great.
17. --Have a good time! / Have fun! / Have a good day / trip! /Good luck to you. --Thank you.
II.语法:
1. be 动词(am, is are)的用法:
I’m Gina./ My name is Gina.
---Is he Jack? ----Yes, he is./ No, he isn’t.
----Are you Helen? -----Yes, I am./ No, I’m not.
We / You / They are good friends.
Mary is my good friend.
记忆口诀:我(I)是am, 你(You)是are; is 用于他(He)、她(She)、它(It);
凡是复数都用are. (We/ You/ They are)
2. 中西方姓名的写法:中国人姓在前,名在后(姓和名分开);西方人名在前,姓在后。
姓(氏):last name = family name 名(字):first name = given name
My name is Lu Jiawei. My first name is Jiawei. My last name is Lu.
His name is Jack Smith. His first name is Jack. His last name is Smith.
3. 指示代词:this (这) →(复数)these (这些):指近处的人或物
that (那) →(复数)those (那些):指远处的人或物
This is my sister. → These are my sisters.
That is my book. → Those are my books.
4. 名词所有格:表示所属关系,“……的”。
规则:1)一般在词尾加’s 如:Jenny’s family Li Lei’s book
teacher’s desk Mother’s Day
2) 以s 结尾的复数名词,加’ 如:students’ book Teachers’ Day
This is Linda’s family photo.→That is my grandparents’ room.
3) 是复数,但不以s结尾的名词,加’s 如:Children’s Day Women’s Day
5、名词:可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有单复数形式;不可数名词没有复数形式,当单数看。
名词复数变化规则:
1)一般在词尾加s. 如:boy --boys orange--oranges egg--- eggs
2)以s, x, sh, ch结尾的,加es. 如. watch---watches, box---boxes, bus--buses
3)以辅音字母+y 结尾的,改y为i,再加es.
如:strawberry--strawberries dictionary--dictionaries
4)以o结尾的:有生命的加es, 无生命的加s.
如: tomato---tomatoes, potato—potatoes,hero---heroes;
photo—photos, radio—radios,bamboo---bamboos
5)以f或fe结尾的,改f或fe为v,再加es. 如:leaf(树叶)—leaves, life(生命)---lives.
6)带有oo的,把oo变为ee 如:foot---feet tooth---teeth
不规则变化:man(男人) ---men woman(妇女)--women child--children(孩子)
mouse--mice(老鼠) sheep--sheep(绵羊)
不可数名词:milk salad ice-cream rice chicken bread
Exercises:
1) I have two ______________ in my family. (sister)
2) Liu Mei has two _______________. (pencil-box)
3) I can see three _________ (photo) and four _______ (tomato)in the picture.
4)They get some_________________. (strawberry)
5)We have some _____________ for breakfast. (milk)
6. 人称代词:
主格:I you he she it; we you they
宾格:me you him her it; us you them
I’m Wei Hua. You are a good boy.
She is my mother. We are good friends.
Call me at 3816256. I like talking with him.
用法:主格作主语,放在句首;宾格作宾语放在动词或介词之后。
7. 物主代词:表示所属关系,“……的”。
形容词性:my your his her its; our your their
名词性: mine yours his hers its; ours yours theirs
This is my schoolbag.
--Is this your pencil? – Yes, it is. It’s mine.
--Are those her books? --No, they aren’t. They’re his.
These are not our photos. They’re theirs.
用法:形容词性物主代词后必须接名词;名词性物主代词后不接名词。
8. 并列连词:and (和,表并列、递进、承接),but (但是,表转折)
My ruler and my eraser are in the pencil box.
My dictionary is in my schoolbag and my schoolbag is under the chair.
I have a tape, but I don’t have a tape player.
9.一般现在时:表示现在的状态,也表示经常性、习惯性的动作。
结构:
1)be动词(am, is are)的一般现在时:由“主语+be +其它”构成。如:
I’m a middle school student.
You are my good friend.
He is my brother.
We are in the same school.
2)行为动词(实义动词)的一般现在时:由“主语+动词原形或单数+其它”构成。如:
I go to school every day.
I like oranges, but I don’t like bananas.
--Do you like sports? --Yes, I do. / No, I don’t
They play basketball after class.
He/ She/ It likes oranges.
He/ She/ It has a ping-pong ball.
注:当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词也要用第三人称单数形式,即“主三单,动s”。
动词第三人称单数构成规则:
1)一般在词尾加s. 如:like---likes play---plays sound---sounds
2)以s, x, sh, ch结尾的加es. 如:watch---watches(观看) guess—guesses(猜)
3)以辅音字母加y结尾的,改y为i, 再加es. 如:study—studies(学习)
特殊词:do----does, go--- goes, have---has
Jim goes to school with his friends.
Mary watches TV in the evening.
※(助)动词do, does 的用法:
I/ You/ We/ You/ They do…
He/ She/ It/ does…
1)主语是第一、第二人称单数或第一、二、三人称复数时,用do或don’t.
2)主语是第三人称单数时,用does或doesn’t.
--Do you have a computer game? --Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
I don’t have a computer game. (not have)
--Does Wang Wei have an ID card? --Yes, he does./ No, he doesn’t.
He doesn’t have an ID card. (not have)
注:does, doesn’t 后用动词原形。
※动词have, has 的用法:
I/ You/ We/ You/ They have…
He/ She/ It/ has…
1)主语是第一、第二人称单数或第一、二、三人称复数时,用have或don’t have.
2)主语是第三人称单数时,用has或doesn’t have.
肯定句:I have a basketball. 否定句:I don’t have a basketball.
She has a tennis bat. She doesn’t have a tennis bat.
We have ten ping-pong balls. We don’t have ten ping-pong balls.
10.基数词:表示数目,one, two, three, four…
序数词:表示顺序,first, second, third, fourth …
基数词变序数词记忆口诀:基变序,很容易,词尾加上th;
“一二三”特殊记,“八”去t,“九”去e;
ve结尾改f; ty结尾改y为ie;
若是遇到几十几,只变个位就可以。
注:序数词前要用定冠词the; 当序数词前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格时,不用the.
one--- first two ---second three --- third
five ---fifth eight --- eighth nine --- ninth
twelve --- twelfth twenty --- twentieth twenty-one---twenty-first
March is the _____________ month of a year. (three)
Next week is my _______________ birthday. (twelve)
My sister’s ____________ birthday is on December 8th. (twenty)
C. 练习题:
一:根据句意,用所给词的适当形式填空:
1. We have a new friend. name is Kate.(she)
2. The toy isn’t Jim’s . is on the bed.(he)
3. I don’t know whether the dream can come true, but I still try best. (I ) (2014 云南)
4.Wr Wang teaches English. He always makes his classes lively and interesting.(we) (2014 曲靖)
5. I find necessary to learn about the customs of country before you go there.(it) (2014 曲靖)
6Are they your ?(key)
7. A number of are becoming more interested in Chinese culture.(foreign) (2014曲靖)
8. In life, you’ll get what you put in. You’d have two , one two help yourself and the other to help those around you.(hand)(2013 云南)
9. The light bulb is one of the most useful in the world.(invent) (2012 昭通)
10. In my hometown, lots of trees are full of green all year round.(leaf)
11. Many young parents choose books as presents on Day.(children)
12. __________ favorite subject is English. (she)
13. The teachers often help __________. (we)
14. They usually do ___________ homework at home. (they)
15. He doesn’t play sports, but he often watches _________ on TV. (they)
16. My sister will have her _________________ birthday. (twenty)
17. Jim usually____________ his breakfast at 7:00. (have)
18. The girl likes ______________ comedies and documentaries. (see)
19. I want ______________ the art club. (join)
20.Let’s _____________ basketball. (play)
21.She likes ___________ basketball and volleyball. (play)
22.December the________________ is Christmas Day(圣诞节). (twenty-five)
二.单项选择:
( )1.-Happy birthday to you. ---- .
A. Thanks a lot B. The same to you C. You’re welcome D. It’s kind of you
( )2.---What can I do for you, madam? ---- .
A. Thank you B. All right C. Some apples, please D. It’s nice of you
( )3.--Peter, how old is your father this year?
--- .And we just had a party for his birthday last week.
A. Fortieth; forty B. Forty; forty C. Forty; fortieth D. Fortieth; fortieth
( )4.She is at playing the piano. And she can sing very ,too.
A. good; well B. well; good C. good; good D. well; well
( )5.---Would you like to play football with me?
---I’d love to, I have to study for the tests.
A. and B. so C. but D. or
( )6.I want sweet milk. Put some in my cup, please.
A. ice B. soup C. salt D. sugar
( )7.-Let’s make vegetables salad. How many do we need? ----One is enough.
A. oranges B. potato C. tomatoes D. rice
( )8.-What bowl of noodles would you like, small, medium or large?
-A large bowl of beef noodles, please.
A. color B. price C. size D. kind
( )9.-There some rice and many oranges on the table.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
( )10. Thanks for me the news in time.
A. to tell B. telling C. told D. will tell
( )11.If you want to join the English club, please call me 525-5523.
A. in B. on C. to D at
( )12.-Why do you hope to visit Hawaii some day? - it has beautiful beaches.
A. Though B. Or C. Because D. So
( )13.- are these food? -Three yuan a kilogram.
A. How many B. How old C. How much D. How often
( )14.Leo was so that he rushed to the kitchen, hoping to find something to eat.
A. thirty B. hungry C. tired D. Sleepy
( )15.-Excuse me, Lucy. Is this your backpack? - . It’s Helen’s.
A. Yes, it is B. No, it isn’t C. Yes, thank you D. No, it is .
( )16.-What a hot day. How about going swimming after school?
- .Let’s ask Daniel to go with us.
A. That’s ok B. No problem C. Good luck D. Sounds great
( )17.- .Can you tell me the way to the bank? -Sure, Go straight and turn right.
A. Excuse me B. Nice to meet you C. Good idea D. Thank you
三.词组填空:
1. When is your ____________________, Li Ming? (学校郊游)
2. My favorite _______________ is CCTV’s Animal World.(电视节目)
3. We ______________________ every day. (刷牙)
4. I want to buy a new pair(双) of _________________ for myself. (运动鞋)
5. Liu Xiang is a famous (著名的) ___________________ in the world. (赛跑明星)
6. ___________________ is good for our health. (健康食品)
7.I like which my mom makes for me very much.(蔬菜沙拉)
8. helping me.(因…感谢)
9. I can’t find my . Did you see it? (身份证)
10. My are very good, so I am very healthy.(饮食习惯)
规则变化:
1. 动词过去式及过去分词的变化规则
2. 动词第三人称单数的变化规则
3. 动词--ing 的变化规则
4. 名词单数变复数的变化规则
5. 名词所有格的变化规则
6. 形容词和副词比较级和最高级的变化规则
7. 形容词变为副词“ly”的变化规则
8. 基数词变为序数词的变化规则