奶牛线性评分英文图解

Page Details

2 -

3 Scoring Procedure

4 Linear Inspection

5 - 13 Heifer Scoring – Diagrammatical Descriptions

14 Recording of Additional Heifer Traits

15 Bull ClassificationSCORING PROCEDURE

Stage of lactation and age of animal must be taken into consideration when assigning classification score and composite box breakdown. The classification benchmark standard is by comparison to the Society’s ‘Model Cow’.

•Pointing System

Excellent 90 – 100

Very Good 85 –

Good Plus 80 – 84

Good 79 – 75

–

65

Fair 74

Poor and below

•Maximum Points

1st Calver points

2nd Calver 90 points

3rd Calver 93 points

4th + 97 points

•VG Heifer – 4 Box Breakdown

90 point Maximum

85 point Minimum Mammary, Feet & Legs

83 point Minimum Dairy Strength & Rump

143 cms Minimum Height

•VG Heifers

Must score a minimum of points in every box

•2nd Calver Excellent – 4 Box Breakdown

All of the boxes must be 90 points

Maximum score possible is 90 points for all four boxes

•3rd Calver Excellent – No restriction on 4 Box Breakdown

Final score 93 point Maximum

•4th + Calver Excellent – No restriction on 4 Box Breakdown

Maximum final score 97 points•Functional Trait Composite – 4 Box Breakdown

The final class and score will be calculated from the subjective trait breakdown at the following ratio:

Dairy Strength 15 %

Body Conformation 15 %

Legs & Feet 30 %

%

Mammary 40

The hand-held data equipment will display a suggested final class and score, calculated from the functional trait composite breakdown. Classifiers may adjust the final score by one point.

The four functional trait composite areas are as follows:

Dairy Strength

Dairy Strength is not to be focused on size or stature, but as strength through the front end and heart region of the animal, strength of constitution & front rib.

Body Conformation

Body Conformation takes account of, independently, the entire skeletal structure of the animal to identify a ‘balanced’ animal rather than the extremes. (The Body Conformation composite includes the Rump structure).

Legs & Feet

The shape and quality of the legs & feet, resulting in good locomotion. The classification to take into consideration environment and management factors.

Mammary

The strength and quality of the fore and rear attachment, strength of central ligament and udder texture. The quantity of udder in relation to the size of animal, stage of lactation and time of inspection. Teat quality and position, with equal emphasis on teat position rear view and side view.

Final Score

The final score will be suggested automatically from a calculation of the 4 box breakdown. The classifier must take into consideration the age and stage of lactation when assigning the final score.LINEAR INSPECTION

Heifer Inspections

Full range of points must be used.

2nd and Later Lactations

For traits not physically measured, the linear code assigned must be relative to a mature female (Society Ideal Model).

All females receive a linear assessment recorded on a 1 – 9 code scale:

Linear Traits

1 Stature Measured at rump (withers for 2nd and later

lactations)

2 Chest Width Width of chest between the top of the front legs

rear

rib

of

3 Body Depth Depth

4 Angularity Openness of rib, depth of rear rib

to

pins

5 Rump Angle Hip

width

6 Rump Width Pin

view

7 Rear Legs Set Angle-side

8 Foot Angle Diagonal of foot angle – rear hoof

9 Fore Udder Attachment Strength of attachment

10 Rear Udder Height Distance from pins to milk secreting tissue

11 Central Ligament Depth of ligament at base of udder

12 Udder Depth The distance from the lowest part of the udder floor to

the hock

13 Front Teat Placement Position of the Front teats viewed from the rear

14 Rear Teat Position Position of the Rear Teats

view

15 Teat Position Side

Length Length of the front teat

16 Teat

17 Locomotion Movement of the animal

Trait

18 Body Condition Score ResearchHeifer Scoring –

DIAGRAMMATICAL DESCRIPTIONS

Standard Trait Definition

The precise description of each trait is well defined and it is essential that the full range of linear scores to identify the intermediate and extremes of each trait be used. The assessment parameters for the calculations should be based on the expected biological extremes of two year-old heifers. The scale must cover the biological extremes of the population in the Country of assessment.

International WHFF Recommended Scale 1 - 9

1: Stature

Ref. Point: Measured from top of the spine in between hips to ground.

Precise measurement in centimetres/inches, or linear scale:

cm

1 Short 130

5 Intermediate

9 Tall 154 cm

2: Chest

Width

Ref. Point: Measured from the inside surface between the top of the front legs:

1 – 3 Narrow

4 – 6 Intermediate

7 – 9 Wide

1 5 9

Narrow Wide

Depth

3: Body

Ref. Point: Distance between top of spine and bottom of barrel at last rib – the deepest point:

1 –3 Shallow

4 – 6 Intermediate

7 – 9 Deep

1 5 9

Shallow Deep4: Angularity

Ref. Point:The angle and openness of the ribs:

1 – 3 Coarse

4 – 6 Intermediate

7 – 9 Open

1 5 9

Coarse Open

Angle

5: Rump

Ref. Point: Measured as the angle from the top of the hip to the top of the pin bone:

1 High Pins

2 “ “

3 Level

4 Slight slope

5 Intermediate

7

9 Extreme slope

1 5 9

High Pins Sloped6: Rump

Width

Ref. Point: Distance between the most posterior point of pin bones:

1 – 3 Narrow

4 – 6 Intermediate

7 – 9 Wide

1 5 9

Narrow Wide

7: Rear Legs Side View

Ref. Point: Angle measured at the front of the hock:

1 – 3 Straight

4 – 6 Intermediate

7 – 9 Sickled

1 5 9

Straight Sickled8: Foot

Angle

Ref. Point: Angle at the front of the rear hoof measured from the floor to the

hairline:

1 – 3 Very low angle

4 – 6 Intermediate angle 4

5 degrees.

7 – 9 Very steep

1 5 9

Low Steep

9: Fore Udder Attachment

Ref. Point: The strength of attachment of the fore udder to the abdominal wall: Not a true linear trait - Optical

1 – 3 Weak and loose

4 – 6 Intermediate acceptable

7 – 9 Extremely strong and tight.

1 5 9

Loose Strong10: Rear Udder Height

Ref. Point: The distance between vulva (pin bone) and the milk secreting tissue: in relation to height of the animal:

1 – 3 Very low

4 – 6 Intermediate

7 – 9 High

1 5 9

Low High

11: Central Ligament

Ref. Point: The depth of cleft, measured at the base of the rear udder:

1 – 3 Convex to flat floor (flat)

4 – 6 Slight definition

7 – 9 Deep/strong definition

1 5 9

Broken Strong12: Udder Depth

Ref. Point: The distance from the lowest part of the udder floor to the hock:

1 Below hock

2 Level with hock

5 Intermediate

9 Shallow (22cms Above Hocks)

1 5 9

Deep Shallow

13: Front Teat Placement (FTP)

Ref. Point: The position of the centre of the front teat placement at the point of the udder as viewed from the rear:

1 – 3 Outside of quarter

4 – 6 Middle of quarter

7 – 9 Inside of quarter.

1 5 9

Outside Inside

14: Rear Teat Position (RTP)

Ref. Point: The position of the centre of the Rear Teat placement at the point of the udder as viewed from the rear:

1 – 3 Outside of quarter

4 – 7 Middle of quarter

8 Touching

9 Crossing

1 5 9

Outside Inside

15: Teat Placement Side View (Unique to the UK)

Ref. Point: The distance between the front and rear teats

1 – 3 Close

4 – 6 Intermediate

7 – 9 Far Apart

No Picture Available

16: Teat Length

Ref. Point:The length of the front teat:

1 – 3 Short

4 – 6 Intermediate

7 – 9 Long

1 5 9

Short Long17: Locomotion

Point: The use of legs and feet, length and direction of the step Ref.

1-3 = Severe Abduction – Short Stride

4-6 = Slight Abduction – Medium Stride

7-9 = No Abduction – long stride

1 5 9

Severe Abduction/Short Stride No Abduction/Long Stride

18: Body Condition Score (UK Research Trait)

Point: The relative fatness or body composition of the cow Ref.

1 Poor Condition

5 Average

9 Grossly Fat

1 5 9

Poor Grossly FatRECORDING OF ADDITIONAL HEIFER TRAITS

Temperament

1 Vicious

2 Very nervous

3 Nervous

nervous

4 Slightly

5 Average

average

above

6 Slightly

7 Quiet

8 Very

quiet

9 Placid

Speed

Milking

1 Very

hard

2 Hard

3 Slow

average

below

4 Slightly

5 Average

average

above

6 Slightly

7 Fast

8 Very

fast

milk

9 RunsBULL CLASSIFICATION

Bull must be a minimum of two years old.

Five main characteristics will be evaluated on a numerical basis, each having a maximum value of 20 points. These will be totaled to give a final class and score.

Scoring 20%

97 – 20

19

–

95

18

90

–

–

17

85

16

–

80

15

75

–

–

14

70

13

–

65

12

–

60

Mid scores – please round up or down, eg. 87 = 17, 88 = 18.

The scale of each class will be the same as female classification.

Visit may be for bull classification only – not part of female TCS.

Classification by region.

Registration certificates must be produced for identification and endorsement, with appropriate classification.

Bulls may be presented for up-pointing or re-classification and cannot be

down-pointed/down-graded.