【考点分布】1.副词的语法作用及分类
2.副词的比较级
3.副词的词义辨析
【考点内容】掌握副词在句中充当的成分及副词比较级的变化规则，包括规则
变化和不规则变化，掌握副词的词义辨析及具体用法
【命题趋势】1.副词的比较级和最高级运用
2.副词与动词的搭配使用
3.对具体副词及疑问副词的辨析
【副词定义】副词是用来说明事情发生的时间、地点、原因、方式等含义或说
明其他形容词或副词程度的词。
第一讲 副词的语法作用及分类
一、副词的句法功能
1.作状语
副词作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或句子。
①修饰动词 It’s raining heavily.天正下着大雨。
well. 他英语说得非常好。
【德州1】I carried the bowl with both hands___, so that I wouldn’t break it.
A. carefully B. happily C. quickly D. carelessly
【山西3】— Jack, I have to have a talk with your father today.
— Sorry, Mrs King. He is going on business and won’t be ___ until next week.
A. out B. away C. back
【盐城4】 It was raining _______when my sister and I got to the museum.
②修饰形容词 I am quite busy now.
③修饰其他副词 Don’t drive too fast.别骑得太快。
④修饰介词短语， —Where is the book?书在哪儿? —Just on the desk.. 就在桌子上。
⑤修饰句子 Luckily , I passed the final exam. 幸运的是，我通过了期末考试。
【注】修饰句子的副词，一般放在句首。
【湖北咸宁4】—As we know it’s difficult to live in a foreign country.
—_______ if you can’t understand the language there.
A. Exactly B. Naturally C. Usually D. Especially
2.作表语
副词作表语主要指主语的方位、方向、动作或状态.
如：in. out. on. back. down. up. off. away. upstairs等
My father is out this morning, but he will be in this afternoon
I'll be back in five minutes. 我五分钟后就回来。
3.作定语
有些地点副词和时间副词可以作定语，放在所修饰的名词或代词之后。
The people there were very friendly.那儿的人很友好。
4.作宾语补足语
副词可以作主语或宾语的补足语，说明主语或宾语的状态。
Mr. King was seen upstairs. 有人看见金先生在楼上。（作主语补足语）
Bring him in. 把他带进来 （作宾语补足语）
【拓展1】一般副词的位置
(1)通常放在被修饰的动词后面,如果动词有宾语，则要位于宾语之后（副修动后）
【聊城2】It’s dark. I can’t see the words on the blackboard _______.
A. carefully B. clearly C. silently D. patiently
(2) 副词修饰形容词或副词时，通常放在形容词或副词的前面，（副修形前）
只有enough例外，需要后置。
These flowers are quite beautiful. （在形容词前） 这些花相当漂亮。
He works very hard. （在副词前）他工作很努力。
This girl is not old enough to go to school. 这个女孩还没有到上学的年龄。
副词用法：行为动词＋副词。
He writes __________. (careful)
【威海2】To my surprise, my brother can speak English ______.
A. lively B. perfectly C. badly D. friendly
【滨州】—Excuse me, would you please speak a little more ______?
—Sorry, I thought you could follow me.
A. sadly B. quickly C. politely D. slowly
【拓展2】高频考点：
【高频考点1】enough 修饰adj./adv时，放其后。
绥化3】 — How do you like the talk show?
— I think it’s ________, but some people think it’s so________.
A. wonderful enough; bored B. enough wonderful; boring C. wonderful enough; boring
【高频考点2】常见的副词词组：
| how many/much | 多少 | how long | 多长，多久 |
| how old | 多大年纪 | how far | 多远 |
| how often | 每隔多久 | how soon | 多久以后 |
二、副词的分类：
根据副词的词义，副词可以分为以下几种：
（1）.时间副词的位置及分类
| 分类 | 位置 | 例词 |
| 时间副词 | 表示动作发生的时间，一般放在句尾 | now现在, then那时, today今天, tomorrow明天, yesterday昨天, before前面, ago……之前,soon很快，once曾经，以前, at first首先, at last最后, just now刚才, at once立刻，马上 |
| 分类 | 位置 | 例词 |
| 地点 副词 | 表示地点或位置关系，一般放在句尾 | here这儿, there那儿, upstairs楼上, downstairs楼下, above上边, behind后边, everywhere每个地方, anywhere任何地方 注意 地点副词前省略介词 |
| 分类 | 位置 | 例词 |
| 频度 副词 | 表示动作发生的频率。 用在行为动词之前或助动词、情态动词及be动词之后 | twice两次, daily天天，常常, weekly每周，每周一次, every day每天, every week每周, every month每月, always总是，经常, usually经常, often经常，常常, sometimes有时, ever曾经, never从来不 注意 提问用 how often |
—_______. I can’t skate at all.
A. Always B. sometimes C. Seldom D. Never
2、Sandy used to eat fast food. But now she _______ eats them. So she is becoming much healthier. A. usually B. often C. seldom D. always
3、The wind is blowing so _________that they can __________ stay outside.
A. hard; hardly B. hard; hard C. hardly; hardly D. hardly; hard
（5）程度副词的位置及分类
| 分类 | 位置 | 例词 |
| 程度 副词 | 表示程度， 用在形容词或副词前，情态动词或助动词之后。 | quite相当, 完全，十分, rather相当，颇，有点, very非常, much许多, a lot许多, a little一点，一些, a bit少量, enough足够, hardly几乎不, almost大多数 |
| 分类 | 位置 | 例词 |
| 疑问 副词 | 用来引导特殊疑问句的副词。 通常置于 句首 | 疑问副词有when，where，why, how, how long, how soon, how often, how far等。疑问副词常用来构成特殊疑问句。 |
| 分类 | 位置 | 例词 |
| 关系 副词 | 关系副词主要用来引导定语从句，放在句中 | 关系副词有when, where, why, how等，关系副词常用来引导定语从句。 |
| however | 然而 | besides | 此外 |
| instead | 然而 | exactly | 准确地 |
| probably | 可能 | mostly | 多半 |
| then | 然后 | therefore | 因此 |
| heavy | 沉重的 | heavily | 沉重地 |
| strong | 强大的 | strongly | 强大地 |
| easy | 容易的 | easily | 容易地 |
| careful | 仔细的，小心的 | carefully | 仔细地，小心地 |
| quick | 快的 | quickly | 快地 |
| simple | 简单的 | simply | 简单地 |
（1）形容词—副词：形容词加-ly变副词
beautiful—beautifully
bright—brightly
careful—carefully
clear—clearly
correct—correctly
deep—deeply
different—differently
final—finally
polite—politely
usual—usually
wide—widely
slow—slowly
recent—recently
regular—regularly
quick—quickly
safe—safely
（2）以y结尾的变y为i加-ly
easy—easily
happy—happily
heavy—heavily
lucky—luckily
unlucky—unluckily
noisy —noisily
（ ） Elephants eat________， but they can move ________ when necessary.
A．noisy; silent B．noisily; silently C．noisily; silence D．noisy; silence
（3）以e结尾去e加-y
possible—possibly probable—probably simple—simply
一、副词的比较级和最高级的构成：
副词的比较级和最高级的构成与形容词的比较级、最高级的构成类似，
有规划变化和不规则变化。
（1）规则变化
①单音节词和少数双音节词在词尾加-er/est
| 原级 | 比较级 | 最高级 |
| hard | harder | hardest |
| fast | faster | fastest |
| early | earlier | earliest |
| 原级 | 比较级 | 最高级 |
| slowly | more slowly | most slowly |
| quickly | more quickly | most quickly |
| carefully | more carefully | most carefully |
| 原级 | 比较级 | 最高级 |
| well | better | best |
| badly | worse | worst |
| much | more | most |
| far | farther/further | farthest/furthest |
| little | less | least |
第一组：too/also/either
| too | 一般不用于否定句，常放在句尾 | You are a student, I am a student, too. |
| also | 用于肯定句和疑问句，常放在be动词或助动词之后，行为动词之前 | They are also students. |
| either | 用于否定句，常放在句尾 | I don’t like the film, either. |
| too much | “太多” | 修饰不可数名词 | I have too much homework to do |
| much too | “非常，极其，太” | 修饰形容词或副词原级。 | The skirt is much too dear |
| how long | “多久，多长时间” | 是对一个持续的时间段提问，常用“for+段时间”和“since+点时间”回答。 | —How long have you lived in Beijing? —For ten year. |
| how soon | “多快，多久以后” | 用于一般将来时句子中，常用“in+段时间”回答 | —How soon will your father come back? —He will come back in a week. |
| how often | “多长时间一次” | 对频度提问，常用“once，twice，three times a week”等回答。 | —How often do you play football? —Once a week. |
| how far | “多远” | 对距离提问 | —How far is it from here to your home? —Only 200 meters away. |
—_________ I'm busy with my study.
A. Only one month. B. About twice a month.
C. Almost every day. D. Maybe in two weeks.
【营口4】— It’s very important for everyone to exercise. do you exercise?
—Three or four times a week.
A. How long B. How far C. How soon D. How often
第五组already/yet
| already | 已经 | 常用于肯定句 | I have already finished my homework |
| yet | 已经、仍然 | 常用于否定句和疑问句句尾 | ①I haven’t had lunch yet. ②Have you finished your homework yet. |
| too | “太，很” | 用于“too…to”结构，表示否定意义“太……而不能……” | The man is too old to look after himself. |
| enough | “足够” | 用于“形容词/副词原级+enough to…”结构，表示“足够……能……” | The boy runs fast enough to win the game. |
| so | “如此” | 用于“so…that…”结构，表示“如此……以致……” | The camera is so expensive that I can’t afford it. |
A. quick B. quickly C. useful D. usefully
第七组some time /sometime/some times/sometimes
【口诀】：分开是一段， 合起是某时； 分开s 是倍次，合起s是有时
| some time | “一段时间” | It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间 It took me some time to finish reading the book. |
| Sometime | 表示将来或过去的“某个时候” | New students will come to our school sometime next week |
| some times | “倍数、次数” | Our school is some times larger than theirs. |
| sometimes | “有时”（一般现在时的标志词） | Sometimes I know what she’s thinking. |
—________.I can’t skate at all.
A. Always B. Sometimes C. Seldom D. Never
【2014安徽中考】40. If my friends have any problems, my door is ______ open to them.
A. never B. seldom C. sometimes D. always
【2014江西】My sister __ goes to bed early because she needs a lot of sleep every day.
A.always B.sometimes C.hardly D.never
形容词和副词混合辨析
有些副词有两种形式，其中一种形式与形容词相同，另一种形式是在形容词后加-ly，意义有区别
| close | adj./adv. 靠近 | closely | adv. 密切地 |
| high | adj./adv. 高 | highly | adv. 高度地 |
| free | adj./adv. 免费 | freely | adv. 自由地 |
| late | adj./adv. 晚，迟 | lately | adv. 近来 |
| deep | adj./adv. 深 | deeply | adv. 深刻/深入地 |
| near | adj./adv. 邻近 | nearly | adv. 几乎/将近 |
| hard | adj./adv. 努力地 | hardly | adv. 几乎不 |
| most | adj./adv. 最 | mostly | adv. 主要地 |
| wide | adj./adv. 宽阔 | widely | adv. 广泛地 |
副词短语
1. all of a sudden 突然;猛地
2. as usual 通常;平常地
3. as well 也;还有
4. close to 几乎;接近
5. come on 快点儿
6. each other 相互
7. far away在远处
8. in that case既然那样;在那种情况下
9. kind of 稍微;有点儿
10. of course当然;自然
11. once in a while偶尔地;间或
12. over and over again 反复;多次重复
13. quite a lot(of...) 许多
14. right away立刻;马上
15. up and down 上上下下;来回
16. up to 达到（某数量、程度等）;至多有;不多于
副词2016全国中考真题
7、—His handwriting is very careful.
—Yeah. With the help of him, his sister writes as ________ as him.
A. care B. careful C. more carefully D. carefully
8、Last night the big fire in Sunshine Shopping Mall was started by the children playing with matches. , no one was hurt.
A. Luckily C. Suddenly C. Easily D. Sadly
9、The manager sounded on thephone．He offered to show us around the company．
A．softly B．friendly C．gently D．seriously
10、---Did you get Wechat red（微信红包）during the Spring Festival?
---Yes. It’s the most popular way of sending traditional holiday presents now.
A. totally B. widely C. actually D. hardly
11、一Do you often go shopping．Tina? No,_______．I don’t like shopping at all．
A．always B．usually C．never
12、This math problem isn’t so difficult that I can work it out ________.
A. easily B. usefully C. loudly D. quietly
13、According to a recent survey, ______three fifths of working mothers in china don't want to have a second child.
A. mostly B. especially C. partly D. nearly
14、Shanghai Disney Park will be opened on June 16"'. But the tickets for the first day have ______ sold out.
A. ever B. just C. never D. already
15、 -Your son used to be a homebody but he now likes outdoor activities. How did you do that?
-I tried many ways over and over again. _______ ,I made it.
A. Next B. Then C. Finally D. Suddenly
16、—Can you catch what I said?
—Sorry, I can_________ understand it because you speak very quickly.
A. almost B. Probably C.mostly D. hardly
17、In order to pass the exam, You need to work much ________now.
A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. hardly
18、______, we saw the sun rise on top of Mount Tai.
A. Lucky B. Luckily C. Unlucky D. Unluckily
19、 I can’t hear you ______. Please speak a little louder.
A. clearly B. lovely C. widely D. friendly
20、It was late. She opened the door ________ because she didn’t want to wake up her grandma.
A. angrily B. quietly C. loudly D. heavily
21、—Mary，here’s a dictionary．I hope it will help you．
—Thanks a lot．It’s ________ what I need．
A．just B．nearly C．even D．almost
22、________we work, __________ we’ll learn maths.
A. The harder, well B. The harder, the better
C. The hard, the better D. Harder, Better
23、----Can you understand what I mean? --- Sorry, I can ______ follow you.
A. always B. almost C. nearly D. hardly
24、Li Ping runs _______ than Ji Fang.
A. more slowlier B. very much slowly
C. much more slowly D. very slowly
25、Sandy used to eat fast food. But now she _____ eats them. So she is becoming much healthier.
A. usually B. seldom C. often D. always
26、China is developing _________ of all the countries in the world．
A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the most fast
27、I ________ ride a bike to school. But this morning I took a taxi because I got up late.
A. never B. sometimes C. seldom D. usually
28、–Have you finished your homework _______? ---No, I’m still doing it now.
A. yet B. already C. still D. ever
29、I lost my backpack yesterday. , my classmates found it and returned it to me.
A. Sadly B. Unluckily C. Luckily D. Firstly
30、—How do you like this passage?
—There are so many new words in it that we can__________understand.
A.really B.nearly C.hardly
31、—You’ve done a nice job! —Thanks. I always do everything ______.
A.care B.careful C. carefully
32、—Have you ____ joined in a dragon boat race?
—Yes，I have．
A．never B．still C．seldom D．ever
33、Sam runs much than his brother.
A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest
34、 If we don’t use money , we’ll have a difficult time in the following months.
A. happily B. easily C. wisely
35、— The electric fan can ______ blow away the terrible smell in the room, can it?
— It’s hard to say, but you may have a try.
A. hardly B. easily C. quickly D. probably
36、We decided not to climb the mountain because it was raining____.
A. heavily B. strongly C. hardly D. badly
37、--- Can you tell me why you learn English so well?
--- It’s very simple. ______ you study, _______ grades you will get.
A. The harder; the best B. The hard; the better
C. Harder; better D. The harder; the better
38、--- Would you like some coffee?
--- No, thanks. I _____ drink coffee. Coffee is bad for my stomach.
A. almost B. already C. hardly D. still
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