一 形容词、副语的句法功能
形容词和副词都是起修饰作用的词.它们各自的功能如下：
| 词类 | 功能 | 例句 |
| 形容词 | 定语 | Han Mei is a beautiful girl。 |
| 表语 | The meal is very delicious。 | |
| 宾语补足语 | We must keep the classroom clean。 | |
| 副词 | 状语 | Bill gets up late on weekends. |
| 后置定语 | Life here is rich and interesting。 | |
| 表语 | Class is over. |
不少学生对如何排列形容词的词序颇感困惑。在此,我们向同学们介绍一个简易的记忆方法.请你记住“限观形龄色国材”，如果这几个字不好记,你就记“县官行令谢国财”。
| 口诀 | 说明 | 例词 |
| 县(限） | 代表限定词,包括冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、数词等. | the,this，that，my,Tom's，two |
| 官（观） | 代表观点的描述性形容词。 | fine，beautiful,interesting |
| 行（形） | 代表表示大小、长短、高低及形状的形容词. | small，tall,high，round |
| 令（龄） | 代表年龄、新旧的形容词。 | young，old，new |
| 谢（色） | 代表颜色的形容词。 | red,black，white |
| 国 | 代表国籍、地区、出处的形容词(或名词）. | English，American，Japan |
| 财（材) | 代表中心名词构成材料的形容词。 | wooden，stone,plastic |
村子附近有一座漂亮的古代石桥。
I bought a ______ blue plastic pencil box yesterday。
昨天我买了一个便宜的蓝色塑料铅笔盒。
They have got such a ______ brown wooden table.
他们有一张褐色的木制圆桌.
三 形容词变副词的方法
1．大多数形容词在词尾加。_______。
careful—carefully，quick—quickly,bright—brightly
2．以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的形容词，把y变成_____,再加。ly。
easy-easily，happy—happily，lucky—luckily
3．以“元音字母＋e”结尾的形容词,去_____再加。ly.
true-truly
4．以le结尾的形容词，去e再加。_____.
terrible—terribly,simple—simply，possible—possibly
四 形容词、副词的比较等级
1．形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的概念和构成：
英语中的形容词和副词常用三种形式来表达事物的等级差别，分别是原级、比较级和最高级。大部分形容词和副词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加.er/。est或在词前加more/most，属于规则变化,但也有少数是不规则的变化。
（1）规则变化
| 情况 | 构成方式 | 原级 | 比较级 | 最高级 |
| 一般情况 | 加。er或est | old fast | older faster | oldest fastest |
| 以e结尾的词 | 加。r或。st | late | later | latest |
| 以“辅音＋y”结尾的双音节词 | 变y为____，再加。er或。est | early happy | earlier happier | earliest happiest |
| 多音节词和部分双音节词 | 在其前面加more或most | useful carefully | more useful more carefully | most useful most carefully |
| 重读闭音节的词末尾只有一个辅音字母 | 先双写______字母,再加。er或。est | big hot thin fat | bigger hotter thinner fatter | biggest hottest thinnest fattest |
| 原级 | 比较级 | 最高级 |
| good/well | better | _______ |
| ill/bad/badly | worse | ______ |
| many/much | more | ______ |
| little | less | ______ |
| far | farther further | farthest furthest |
| old | older/elder | oldest/eldest |
| 级 | 用法 | ||
| 比较级 | A和B两者相比较 | 结构 | 例句 |
| A〉B | ①A＋谓语＋比较级＋than＋B ②Who/Which＋谓语＋比较级,A or B？ | Tom is _____ than Bill。 汤姆比比尔高。 Which do you like better，apples or pears？ 苹果和梨你更喜欢哪一种？ | |
| A＝B | A＋谓语＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as＋B | Tom runs as ______ as Jim。 汤姆跑得和吉姆一样快。 | |
| A〈B | ①A＋（否定）谓语＋比较级＋than＋B ②A＋（否定）谓语＋as/so＋原级＋as＋B ③A＋谓语＋less＋原级＋than＋B | Alice ______ older than Ann. 艾丽斯不如安大. Bob isn't as _____ as Nick。 鲍勃不如尼克高。 Ann is ______ beautiful than Lucy. 安不如露西漂亮。 | |
| 最高级 | 表示三者或三者以上的比较，表示其中一个在某一方面超过其他几个。后面用in或of短语来说明比较的范围。 | ①Who＋be＋the＋形容词的最高级，A、B or C？ ②Which＋be＋the＋形容词的最高级,A、B or C? ③A＋谓语＋the＋形容词/副词的最高级＋表示范围的短语(of/in...) | Who is the_______，Tom,Bill or Jim？ 汤姆、比尔、吉姆谁最高? Bob is the shortest______ his class。 鲍勃在他的班里最矮。 |
（1）比较级的特殊用法
①比较级＋and＋比较级“越来越……"(“more＋原级”构成的比较级用more and more＋原级）
China is becoming ______________________
中国正变得越来越强大。
②the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．.。,“越……,就越……”
The___________ we do for the people，the ____________we’ll be。
我们为人民做得越多，我们就越幸福。
③句中如果有“of the two”短语时,比较级前加the，表示两个中的一个更/较……
Bill is the taller of the two boys。
比尔是这两个男孩中较高的那一个。
(2）最高级的特殊用法
①。.one of＋the＋形容词的________级＋复数名词
China is one of the largest countries all over the world.
中国是世界上最大的国家之一.
②...the＋_________词＋形容词的最高级
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China。
黄河是中国第二长河.
(3）比较级表示最高级含义
①。.形容词/副词的比较级＋than＋any other＋_______数名词
Wang Fang studies better than any other student in her class.
王芳比她班上的其他任何一个学生学习都好。
②形容词/副词的比较级＋than＋the other＋_________数名词
Wang Fang studies better than the other students in her class.
王芳在她班中学习最好.
4．比较级、原级的修饰语
（1)当强调比较的程度时，可以在形容词或副词的比较级前使用much，a little，even，still，a lot,far,any，no等.
It is ____________ hotter today than it was yesterday。
今天比昨天热得多。
My apple is __________________smaller than yours.
我的苹果比你的小点儿.
Meimei does _____________ worse than Lucy.
梅梅做得甚至比露西更糟。
（2)very，quite，too,so常用来修饰原级，不能修饰比较级。
汤姆比我高很多。
( )Tom is very taller than me.
（ ）Tom is much taller than me.
精题精练
1．This is _______book in our library.
A. the most interesting 。 most interesting
C。 the more interesting 。 more interesting
2。 Nowadays science fiction isn’t as ________ as cartoons among teenagers
A. less popular 。 more popular
C. popular D. the most popular
3。 Tom failed in the exam。 He looked ______。
A。 happy 。 sadly
C。 。 lovely
4. Yangpu Bridge is one of ______ in the world.
A。 bigger bridge 。 the biggest bridge
C。 the biggest bridges 。 bigger bridges
5。 30，000 dollars is a large amount of money， but it’s ______than we need。
A. far more B. very much
C. far less D. very little
6. Mr. Smith thought the Century Park was the second _____ park in Shanghai.
A. large 。 larger 。 very large
7。 The lake looks _____in the moonlight. I often take a walk around it。
A. wonderfully 。 well
8. The Russian President paid his first visit to Shaolin Temple last March。 He had _______ been there before。
A. never 。 often 。 usually 。 always
9。 The woman couldn't swim ______to reach the bank。 She was crying for help。
。 good enough 。 enough good 。 well enough D. enough well
10。 Jane speaks English______.
A。 so fluent as John 。 as fluent as John
C。 more fluent than John 。 much more fluently than John
11。 Look at the lovely baby！ It’s only ________。
A。 five months old B. three month
C. two year old 。 ten—month—old
12。 I’m shortsighted and I can’t see the words on the notice board______。
A。 clear 。 good
13. “I’ve got an A for my history，" Judy said ______.
A。 sadly D. happy
14. The fat man always says his meat looks ______ and sells _______.
A. good, good 。 well， well 。 good, well D. well, good
15. Are you going to leave ______？
A. the open windows B. the windows opening
C. the windows open D. the windows opened
16. Of all the stars the sun is ______ to us。
A。 close 。 closest 。 the closest
17。 I have _______to tell you。
A。 anything important B. important something
C。 something important 。 important anything
18。 Tea becomes _______in the world.
A. much more popular B. more and more popular
C. more popular and more popular D. popularer and popularer
19. She told us______ story that we all forgot about the time.
A。 such an interesting B. such interesting a
20. The dog looked ______at me. It looked _______。
A， angrily
C. angry， 。 angrily, angry
21。 Go ______， and you'll find the sheep.
A。 straightly ahead 。 straight ahead
C。 ahead straight D. ahead straightly
22。 We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining ______。
A。 badly 。 hardly D. heavily
23. ---Can I help you?
——— Well, I’m afraid the box is _______ heavy for you, but thank you all the same。
。 so 。 very oo
24。 The Yellow River is longer than ______ in Japan.
B. other rivers
C 。 any other rivers
25。 Sam runs ______ than Peter。
D. much slowly
26。 -—- If you don't like the red coat， take the blue one.
——- OK。 But do you have ______ size in blue? This one is a bit tight for me.
。 a big 。 the big 。 the bigger
27. John plays football ______, if not better than， David
。 as well as 。 so well 。 so well as
28. Tony is going camping with ______ boys.
。 two little other
C。 。 little other two
29. Those who have ______ money are not ______.
， the happiest
C. the most， the happiest ， the happier
30。 The old man lived ______ in the house， but he didn’t feel ______.
。 lonely, lonely 。 alone， lonely ， alone 。 lonely, alone
31. The cheese cake tasted so ______ that the kids asked for more。
。 delicious 。 well D. badly
32。 I like swimming very much .But now I ______ swim as ______ as I used to。
't…often 。 don’t…oftener 。 not…oftener
33. We felt ______ after we watched the ______ football match。
。 exciting…. 。 excited….exciting
C。 excited…。excited 。 exciting…exciting
34. There are ______ books in our school library than in yours.
A。 many much 。 a lot 。 a lot of more D. little more
35。 Water will be turned into ice in ______ weather.
。 freeze 。 froze 。
36。 The supermarket is ______ from 8 a。m。 to 8 p。m. every day。
。 open D. being opened
37。 Tsunamis （海啸） travel ______ 500 miles per hour in the deep ocean and cross the entire Pacific Ocean in less than 24 hours
。 as fast as
C。 D. as quicklier as
38. It sounds like ______ trip. Could l book tour for five?
。 an interesting 。 interested D. an interested
39。 The price of housing states ______ than before.
。 is much higher 。 are much higher
。 are more expensive
40. Which is ______, cotton, woods or iron?
。 heaviest 。 the heaviest . the most heavily
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