
不少单项填空题干是由学生并不那么熟悉的句式构成的,这无形中增加了试题的难度。要答好这类试题,就必须设法将复杂的、不常见的句式还原成简单的、常见的句式,以便快速地把握句子结构,理解题目意思。
我们先来看看句型转换的最基本的几个方法:
一、肯定句改否定句的方法。
1、 在be动词后加not。如:is not,are not,am not,was not,were not;
2、 在情态动词can,should, will等后加not。如:cannot, should not, will not;
3、 上述都没有的,在动词前加助动词否定形式don’t/ doesn’t/ didn’t。
4、 some 改成any。
二、肯定句改一般疑问句的方法。
1、 把be动词放在句首,剩下的照抄,(some 改成any,my改成your等)句点改成问号。
2、 把can,shall,will等放到句首,剩下的照抄,(some 改成any,my改成your等)句点改成问号。
3、 上述都没有的,在句首请助动词Do/Does/Did帮忙,剩下的照抄,(some 改成any,my改成your等)句点改成问号。
三、肯定句改特殊疑问句的方法——四步法
1、在一般疑问句的基础上,句首添加一个疑问词即可,可根据划线部分确定是什么疑问词。
2、接着找be动词或can,shall, will等放在疑问词后面,若没有则请助动词do/does/did帮忙,写在疑问词后面,how many除外,必须先写物品,再写be动词等。
3、划线部分去掉后剩下的内容照抄,(some 改成any,my改成your等)
4、句点改成问号。
句型转换主要有以下几种:
1. 将陈述句改成疑问句;
2. 就划线部分提问;
3. 将简单句合并成复合句;
4. 将肯定句变成否定句;
5. 将主动语态变成被动语态;
6. 直接引语变成间接引语
7. 将复合句还原成简单句;
8. 同义句转换。
第一种、将陈述句变成疑问句。
1. This dress cost her 90 yuan. (改为一般疑问句)
_____ this dress _____ her 90 yuan?
2. They have learned English for three years. (改为一般疑问句)
________ they ________ English for three years?
3. Allan goes to the library every Monday.(改为一般疑问句)
_____ Allan ____ to the library every Monday?
4. Tom has lunch at school every day. (改为一般疑问句)
_________ Tom _________ lunch at school every day?
5. You've never been out of China before.
You've never been out of China before, _________ _________? (改为反意疑问句)
6. You came here together. (改为反意疑问句)
You came here together, _________ _________?
7. There're more than ten pandas on the hill. (改为反意疑问句)
There're more than ten pandas on the hill, _________ _________?
第二种、就划线部分提问。
1. Mary will come here in ten minutes. (对划线部分提问)
_________ _________ will Mary come here?
2. The Yellow river is 5,4 kilometers long. (对画线部分提问)
_____ _____is the Yellow River?
3. I write to my aunt twice a month. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ do you write to your aunt?
4.The little boys played football on the playground yesterday.(划线部分提问)
_____ ______ the little boys ____ football yesterday?
5. Lisa used to eat candy all the time. (对画线部分提问)
________ _______ Lisa use to do all the time?
6. I study for a test by listening to the radio. (对划线部分提问)
__________ ___________ you ___________ for a test?
7. Maybe this pen is Obama’s. (就划线提问)
________ ________ this pen be?
第三种、将简单句合并成复合句或将复合句还原成简单句。
1. The water was so dirty that we couldn't drink it.(改为简单句)
The water was _________ dirty for us _________ drink.
2. Does the shop close at six every day? Do you know?(改为复合句)
Do you know _________ the shop _________ at six every day?
3. I think it my duty to write to you and thank you. (改为复合句)
I think it _________ my duty ________ write to you and thank you.
4. The question isn't easy enough for them to answer.(改为复合句)
The question is _________ _________ that they _________ _________ it.
5. The man is very strong and he can carry the heavy bag. (改为简单句)
The man is _________ _________ to carry the heavy bag.
6. George has two cabbages. Mary has only one.(改为复合句)
George has ________ cabbages ________ Mary.
7. We won't have any lessons tomorrow because we'll have the sports meeting.(改为简单句)
We won't have any lessons tomorrow ________ _________ the sports meeting.
8. If you don't work hard, you won't pass the exam next time.(改为并列句)
_________ _________, _________ you will fail the exam next time.
9. Hurry up, and you'll catch the early bus.(改为复合句)
_________ _________ _________ _________, you'll catch the early bus.
10. Jessica would like to rent a house with a kitchen.(改为复合句)
Jessica would like to rent a house a kitchen.
11. She wants to help the children. They are ill in hospital.(合并为复合句)
She wants to help the children_________ _________ill in hospital.
12.I love those cities. The cities are very enjoyable. (合并为一句)
I love those cities __________ ________ enjoyable.
13. “Does the girl need any help?” he asked me.(改为复合句)
He asked me _________ the girl _________ some help.
14. I don't know what to do next.(改为复合句)
I don't know what _________ _________ next.
将复合句改为简单句
1. I hope that I will hear from you soon.
I hope ______ ______ from you soon.
2. I wonder how I can go there.
I wonder ______ ______go there.
3. When and where they should build a new power station is a difficult problem for them.
When and where ______ ______ a new power station is a difficult problem for them.
4. The teacher who is wearing glasses teaches us English.
The teacher ______ glasses teaches us English.
5. My father got up early so that he could catch the first bus.
My father got up early ______ ______ ______ catch the first bus.
6. The girl is so short that she cannot be a model.
The girl is ______ short ______ be a model.
7. Do you mind if I smoke here ?
Do you mind ______ ______ here ?
8. The girl who is dancing on the stage is my sister.
The girl ______ on the stage is my sister.
9. I think it important that middle school students should learn English.
I think it ______ ______ middle school students ______ learn English.
10. I feel that it is dangerous to play with fire.
I feel ______ ______ to play with fire.
11. Marx found that it was necessary to study Russia.
Marx found______ ______ ______ study Russia.
12. After his father died, he left his home town.
He left his home town after the ______ ______his father.
13. Don’t forget to turn off the gas before you leave the kitchen.
Don’t forget to turn off the gas ______ ______ the kitchen.
14.It seemed that he would catch up with others.
He seemed ______ ______ up with others.
15. She won’t go to see the play because she has lost her ticket.
She won’t go to see the play ______ ______losing her ticket.
16. She went for a walk after she had supper.
She went for a walk ______ ______.
17. I could swim when I was eight years old.
I could swim______ ______ ______ of eight.
18. He was late for school because it rained heavily.
He was late for school ______ ______ the ______ rain.
19. I don’t know how I can answer the question.
I don’t know ______ ______ ______ the question.
20. Please tell me what I should do first.
Please tell me ______ ______ ______ first.
21. He is so young that he can’t join the army.
He is ______ ______ ______ join the army.
22. She works so hard that she can pass the exam.
She works ______ ______ to pass the exam.
23. If you use your head, you’ll find a way.
______ your ______, ______ you’ll find a way.
24. If you don’t work hard, you won’t pass the exam.
______ ______, ______ you won’t pass the exam.
25. The box is so heavy that we can’t carry it.
The box is ______ ______ ______ us to carry.
26. The problem is so easy that I can work it out.
The problem is ______ ______ ______me ______ work out.
27. I can’t pass the exam if you don’t help me.
I can’t pass the exam ______your ______.
28. I saw that he was playing computer games.
I saw ______ ______ computer games.
29. She heard that the boy cried all night.
She heard the boy ______ all night.
将简单句改为复合句
1. The problem is too difficult for us to work out.
The problem is _______ ______ that we _______ work it out.
2. Hurry up, or you’ll be late for the party.
_______ you _______ hurry up, you’ll be late for the party.
3. The tree is too tall for us to reach .
The tree is _______tall _______ we can’t reach_______ .
4. The teacher asked us to come earlier.
The teacher asked us ______ ______ ______ come earlier.
5. The doctor put down the telephone , and hurried to Jim’s home.
______ the doctor put down the telephone, he went to Jim’s home as ______ as possible.
6. Don’t play basketball here, or you may break the window.
______ ______ play basketball here, you may break the window.
7. He came late because of the bad traffic.
He came late ______ the traffic was ______ .
8. He built a lab at the age of nine.
He built a lab ______ ______ ______ nine.
9. I can’t finish the work in time without your help .
I can’t finish the work if ______ ______ ______ me .
10. The water was too dirty for us to drink.
The water was ______dirty that we ______ drink ______.
11. At the end of the meeting his bag was lost.
He couldn’t find his bag ______the meeting ______over.
12. The teacher told us to do the experiment.
The teacher told us how ______ ______ ______ the experiment.
13. Could you tell me how to get to the station?
Could you tell me ______ ______ ______ get to the station?
14. She likes pork a little, but she likes beef better.
She ______ beef ______ ______ pork.
15. Mike is the tallest student in his school.
______ ______ in the school is taller than Mike.
第四种、将肯定句变成否定句
1.My brother bought some CDs yesterday. (改为否定句)
My brother ________ ________ any CDs yesterday.
2. He will be away for long next year. (改为否定句)
He ______ be away for long next year.
3 You had better tell him the news. (改为否定句)
You had better ________ ________ him the news.
4. All of us want him to rest.(改为完全否定句)
_________ of us _________ him to rest.
5. I think you are right.(改为否定句)
I _________ think you _________ right.
6. Tom is sitting on the desk.(改为否定祈使句)
_________ _________ on the desk, Tom!
第五种、将主动语态变成被动语态或把被动语态还原为主动语态。
1. We can build a big bridge over the Huangpu River in two years. (改为被动语态)
A big bridge can _________ _________ over the Huangpu River in two years.
2. Mike drew a picture on the blackboard. (改为被动语态)
A picture ________ ________ on the blackboard by Jack.
3.After planting the trees you should water them often. (改为被动词态)
The trees ____ _____ ______ often after they _____ _____.
4.Did Johnson catch many fish yesterday?. (改为被动语态)
You should cover the cut with a clean cloth at once.(改为被动语态)
5.The cut should with a clean cloth at once.
They will put the donated money to good use.(改为被动语态)
6.The donated money will to good use.
Animal Helper has trained Lucky to help the disabled.(改为被动语态)
第六种、直接引语变成间接引语或间接引语变成直接引语。
1. Judy said, “I have decorated the house with lots of balloons.”(改为间接引语)
Judy said that decorated the house with lots of balloons.
2. He said, “I read the book before.”(改为间接引语)
He read the book before.
3. "My grandpa doesn't like coffee or coke” said Bob
Bob said that _____grandpa liked _____coffee _____coke.
4. "Did you have a good sleep last night?" David asked Jim.
David asked Jim _____ he _____ well last night.
5. "Don’t play football on your way home,"the teacher said.
The teacher told us ____ to play football on your way home.
第七种、同义句转换。
中考英语同义句转换题主要考查以下几个方面:
(一)、运用同义词(组)进行转换
用同义词或同义词组对原句中的某些词或词组进行替换,注意转换后的词或词组的词形变化要与句子其他成分相适应。如:
1. That day we could see flowers here and there.
That day we could see flowers __________.
2. The teacher always takes good care of the children in the school.
The teacher always_______ ______the children well in the school.
(二)、运用反义词(组)的否定式进行转换
即用反义词或词组的否定式表达与原句相同的意思,主要考查学生对反义词(词组)的积累和换位思维的能力。如:
1. It’s clear that this visit is different from last time.
It’s clear that this visit is not the_______ ________last time.
2. I think wealth is less important than health.
I ___ think wealth is ___ important than health.
另外,有的反义词即使不与否定词连用,而只需改变句子结构也可构成同义句。如:
He lent some money to his friend.
He friend ___ some money ___ him.
(三)、运用不同语态进行转换
即运用主动语态与被动语态的变化来转换同义词,但此时要特别注意时态、动词一致性。如:
1. Everyone should give back his library books on time.
Library books should____ ____ ____ on time.
2. It is widely accepted that more people use computers in the world today.
Computers ____ widely ___ in the world today.
(四)、非延续性动词与延续性动词的相互转换
即非延续性动词与延续性动词进行转换,此时往往会涉及时态的变化。如:
1. The manager left two hours ago.
The manager _____ ____ ____ for two hours.
2. The film began five minutes ago.
The film has been _____ _____ five minutes.
3. Mr Li joined the Party twenty years ago.
Mr Li _____ _____ _____ the Party for twenty years.
(五)、运用不同引语进行转换
即将直接引语变为间接引语或将间接引语转换成直接引语。此时还要注意相关时态、人称、动词、状语等相应的变化。如:
1. “I’ve found my wallet,” he said to me.
He _________ me that he _________ _________ his wallet.
2. “Did you see her last week?” he said.
He _______ _______ I had seen her the week _______.
(六)、运用简单句与复合句之间的转换
即将简单句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的简单句。如:
1. We didn’t go out for a walk because it was raining.
We didn’t go out for a walk _______ _______ the rain.
2. He was so excited that he couldn’t go to sleep.
He was ______ ______ ______ go to sleep.
3. Now I will show you how to do the work.
Now I will show you ______ ______ ______ do the work.
4. You should put them back after you use them.
You should put them back _____ _____ them.
(七)、运用并列句与复合句之间的转换
即将并列句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的并列句。如:
1. Come on, or we’ll miss the early bus.
____ we ____ hurry, we’ll miss the early bus.
2. The man gave us a talk last week. Now he will give us another talk this week.
The man _____ gave us a talk last week _____ _____ us another talk this week.
(八)、运用关联连词连接或合并句子
即运用关联连词both…and…,neither…nor…,either…or…,not only…but also…等将两个简单句合并为一个简单句。此时要注意的是,both…and…连接两个主语时,谓语总是用复数,而neither…nor…,either…or…,not only…but also…连接两个主语时,谓语动词通常应与靠近的主语保持一致。如:
1. Tom can’t speak Japanese well and Jim can’t, either.
______ Tom ______ Jim can speak Japanese well.
2. Alice has read the book and Peter has read it, too.
______ Alice ______ Peter have read the book.
3. This store sells men’s shoes, and it also sells men’s clothes.
This store sells ______ ______ men’s shoes ______ ______ men’s clothes.
(九)、利用某些典型句式或结构进行转换
这类典型结构如so…that…,too…to…,enough to,not…until…,so do I等。如:
1. Jim wants to go boating and his parents want to go boating, too.
Jim wants to go boating, and ______ ______ his parents.
2. John went to bed after he finished his homework.
John ______ go to bed ______ he finished his homework.
练习
1.We don't have much money to buy a car. We can not ______ ______ buy a car.
2.She was worried and the librarian was worried,too.
She was worried and _____ _____ the librarian.
3.She was surprised to find him at the concert.
______ ______ ______ ,she ______ him at the concert.
4.My little brother is too young to look after himself.
My little brother is not ______ ______ to ______ ______ ______ himself.
5.He went to bed at twelve last night. He _____ ______ to bed ______ twelve last night.
6.Mr Brown went to Hong Kong by air yesterday.
Mr Brown _____ _____ Hong Kong yesterday.
7.Jim runs the fastest of the three boys. Jim runs _____ _____ the other _____ boys.
8.I want to catch up with my classmates. I don't want to _____ _____ my classmates.
9.She found that he was a very good pupil. She _____ ______ a very good pupil.
10.His friend didn't know what he should do. His friend didn't know ______ ______ do.
11.Miss Zhao came in.There was a smile on her face.
Miss Zhao came in ______ a smile ______ her face.
12.What was wrong with the old man? What ______ ______ the old man?
13.You are very kind to help me with my English.
______ very ______ ______ you to help me with my English.
14.While Jim was mending his bike,Ann called him.
Jim was ______ his bike ______ Ann ______ him.
15.What's going on over there? What's ______ over there?
16.Mrs More is a woman of 36 years old. Mrs More is a ______________ ______.
17.There were over 2,200 people on the ship.
There were ______ ______ 2,200 people on the ship.
18.“Speak a little louder,Tom,”said Mrs Smith.
Mrs Smith ______ Tom ______ ______ a little louder.
19.English is more popular than any other subject.
English is ______ ______ ______ subject of all.
20.You look like your brother. You and your brother ______ ______ ______.
21.How much is this fridge? ______ ______ ______ ______ this fridge?
22.May I help you? ______ can I ______ ______ you?
23.What is your father's job? What ______ your father ______?
24.It is forty years since he left home.
He ______ ______ away from home ______ forty years.
25.However you are busy tomorrow,you must stay at home.
______ ______ ______ busy you are tomorrow,you must stay at home.
26.People say that the Chinese food is better than the western food.
_____ _____ _____ that the western food isn't _____ good ______ the Chinese food.
