一、小学英语首字母填空
1．
小学英语首字母填空——专题讲解
如何突破英语首字母填空
首字母填空是小升初考试中常考的题型之一，也是近几年各省、市中考题经常采用的题型之一，这种题难度相对较大，考生失分现象严重。下面就讲一讲做这类题的方法与技巧。
首字母填空属于能力测试的范畴，它能全面考查学生的英语水平。这类测试要求学生不仅要具备一定的词汇量、句型和语法等方面的知识，还要求学生有一定的阅读能力，能灵活运用所掌握的语言知识去分析语篇。常用的答题技巧如下：
1.通读全文，掌握大意
每篇短文必然是有逻辑性的，短文段落之间必然承上启下、前呼后应。因此通读全文是必要的，目的是对文章有个全面的了解，弄清其中心思想和大意。反之，只在一点、一处做文章的话，会导致断章取义。但我们要注意通读全文只要能了解短文的大意即可，细节不理解可以跳过，切忌逐字逐句的反复细读。在阅读时要特别注意一篇文章的开头（一般不设空）和结尾，它们能提供主要的信息，帮助了解全文所描述的事件或文章的中心思想。
2. 认真分析，巧填单词
我们在了解文章大意的前提之下再次通读短文，目的是对短文有更进一步的了解。要想填出每个空的单词，我们要注意以下方面：
（1） 依据习惯用法与固定搭配进行填词：
【如】…W______ his help, the old man was safe. The boy thanked him very much. 从句意我们就知道是“在他的帮助下”， with his help.
（2） 依据语法知识进行填词：
【如】…It was a l______ earlier. 从句中的earlier可以看出它是比较级，我们应该会想到修饰形容词比较级有哪些词，前面有a,那肯定就是little.
（3） 依据常识的积累进行填词：
【如】…But it was too late. His friend was very angry. Mr. White said nothing but only one word “S_______ .” Mr. White迟到了，他的朋友很生气，他什么都没说，只说了一个字“S______ .”我们根据常识肯定是向他的朋友道歉，所以肯定填sorry.
（4）依据逻辑推理与句意理解进行填词：
【如】One Sunday afternoon, Mr. White drove his new car to his friend's house happily. He wanted to p_____ his friend up at five and then went to see a new movie together. 根据句意，Mr. White高兴地开着车去他的朋友家，然后一起去看电影，我们可以进行逻辑推理，他肯定是去接他的朋友，所以填pick.
★上面所说的四个方面，我们在填词时一定要注意上、下文的关系，这对于把握文章的整体意义大有用处。另外，要学会跳读，即对不理解的地方采用暂时回避的方式，待真正理解全文之后再找解决的方法。我们在有困难的填空中，可以尝试口头翻译句子的意思，把它前后的句子的意思联系一起，而且翻译的时候尽量是有声的，我们尽量通过不同的途径来刺激大脑的运转。
3.细心检查，避免疏漏
完成填空以后最关键的一点是要细心检查每一个填空处是否有笔误或是疏漏的地方。有些考生为自己全部填出了答案而沾沾自喜，根本没想到不是缺了一个“ ' ”少了“s”，就是忘了加“-ed”，这是很可惜的。因为他理解了意思、看懂了题目，但因粗心而“大意失荆州”。细心检查，反复回读，就能减少疏漏，提高做题的正确率。
首字母填空三步走：
一、通读全文（对全文大意有了解，而不是盲目地读，学会跳读，对不理解的地方可以暂时跳过去，不要管它）
二、认真分析，填写单词（在了解大意的情况下，开始一边阅读一边做题。在阅读的过程中要注意根据上下文的意思，进行猜测，找出关键词、短语或句子，还要结合所给单词的首字母进行填空，并注意单词的正确形式）
三、通读全文，进行检查
做这类题目要注意：
1、单词量
2、一定要根据上下文的关系进行判断。可以采用以下方法进行做题：
(1) 根据习惯用法和固定搭配来进行填空
(2) 根据语法知识来做题
(3) 根据常识积累来做题
3、利用词性帮助判断
4、注意检查
2．
Dogs are good pets. They are very f 1 to people and also very beautiful. Most dogs get on very well with c 2 and their parents. Others are good watch-dogs because they cry loudly when a p 3 arrives.
When you buy a dog, an important thing to think about is its s 4 . Buy a small dog if your home is small and a bigger one if y 5 is larger. Many people don’t know how much to feed their dogs. Dogs eat almost everything! They like meat, rice and lots of other t 6. You can buy lots of food for dogs i 7 shops. Don’t let your dogs eat too much. Feed it only once a day. Always give c 8 water to your dog. It can get thirsty very quickly, especially in s 9 .
Remember that dogs need exercise. You should take it for a walk e 10 day. Don’t keep your dog inside all day.
1. friendly 2. children 3. person 4. size 5. yours 6. things 7. in 8. clean 9. summer 10. every
3．
Will it matter if you don't take your breakfast? A short time a_1__, a test was given in the United States. People of different a_2_ from 12 to 83, were asked to have a test. During the test, these people were given all kinds of breakfasts and s_3_ they got no breakfast at all. Scientists wanted to see how well t_4_ bodies worked when they had different kinds of breakfasts.
The results show that if a person e_5_a right breakfast, he or she will work better. If a student has fruit, eggs, bread and milk b_6_ going to school, he will learn more quickly a_7_ listen more carefully in class.
The results a_8_ show that having no breakfast will not h_9__ you lose weight（体重）. This is because people become so h__10__ at noon that they eat too much for lunch. So they will gain weight instead of losing weight.
1.ago 2.ages 3.sometimes 4. their 5. eats 6. before 7. and 8. also 9. help 10. hungry
4．
People hate mice but one mouse has won the hearts of the people all over the world — the f________ Mickey Mouse. About 50 years ago, films were silent. A man named Walt Disney made a cartoon mouse that c________ talk in the films. He named his mouse Mickey Mouse. People w________ very excited by the talking mouse. Before long, Mickey became great success with b________ young and old people. Children loved to see their lovely friend b________ he brought joy and laughter to them.
（B） 1.famous 2.could 3.were 4.both 5.because
5．
His wife was trying on a new blouse when he came into the room. She went to her husband and looked at him for a m 2 . Then she said to him kindly, "Why are you a 3 , Peter?"
"But that isn't b 4 , peter," his wife said. "It's good. G 5 by bus is cheaper now."
1.closed 2.minute 3.angry 4.bad 5. Going
6．
There are many living things in the air. They can be bad f (1) our food. Some things,such as insects（昆虫）, can be s (2) by us.O (3), like bacteria （细菌）, can be seen only with microscope（显微镜）.
All living things n (4) water. We can k (5) some of our food by d (6) it. Living things can g (7) only at certain temperatures.We can also keep our feed by heating（加热） or c (8) it.
We can keep some living things away f (9) our food by wrapping （包装）it.
(1) for (2) seen (3) Others (4) need (5) keep (6) drying (7) grow (8) cooling (9) from
7．
When the Americans w (1) getting ready to send their f (2) men to the moon,an old Irishman w (3) watching them on television in the bar of a hotel.
There w (4) an Englishman in the bar too,and he s (5) to the Irishman,'The Americans are very clever,aren't they?They're g (6) to send some men to the moon,It's a very long way from our w (7).'
'Oh,that's n (8),'the Irishman a (9) quickly.'The Irish are going to s (10) some men to the sun in a few months' time.That's much f (11) away than the moon,you know.'
The Englishman w (12) very surprised when he h (13) this.'Oh,yes,it is,'he said,'but the sun's too h (14) for people to go t (15).'
The Irishman l (16) and a (17),'Well,the Irish aren't s (18),you know.We w (19) go to the sun during the day,of course.We'll go there during the n (20).'
(1) were (2) first (3) was (4) was (5) said (6) going (7) world (8) nothing (9） answered （10) send (11) farther (12) was (13) heard (14) hot
to (16) laughed (17) answered (18) stupid (19) won't (20) night
8．
There is a g _ __boy in Ben's class. Miss White and the children are going to have a p___ for him. They are going to sing some s__ _at the party. Ben plays the guitar very w___ .Miss White wants Ben to p___ his guitar to the party. Miss White calls Ben. But Ben is not a___home .Ben's mother answers the p ___. She will tell Ben about the guitar.
good party songs well play at photo
二、完形填空
9．完形填空根据文章内容，选择最佳的答案。
Robert is eleven years old. He is a 1 of class 1, Grade 5. At school, he likes English, Chinese, music and some other 2 , but he doesn't like 3 . He thinks it's 4 , and he often 5 in history classes. It is Friday today. Robert 6 a history class. His history teacher Mrs Wang is giving a lesson. But Robert is drawing a picture and isn't 7 his teacher. Mrs Wang finds and asks him, “Robert, please tell me something about Lincoln." Robert stands up and says, "I'm sorry. I don't know 8 and he isn't in our school." The other students laugh.
| 1. A. teacher | B. student | C. doctor |
| 2. A. subjects | B. jobs | C. games |
| 3. A. PE | B. art | C. history |
| 4. A. easy | B. difficult | C. cool |
| 5. A. sleeps | B. swims | C. skates |
| 6. A. is | B. have | C. has |
| 7. A. listening to | B. listen to | C. look at |
| 8. A. him | B. you | C. me |
【考点】完型填空
【解析】【分析】大意：Robert是一个小学生，描述了Robert喜欢的科目，以及他不喜欢的科目。
（1）句意：他是一个五年级一班的学生。A选项：老师；B选项：学生；C选项：医生。根据原文Robert is eleven years old.可知，Robert才11岁。故答案选：B。
（2）句意：在学校，他喜欢英语、语文、音乐和其他学科。A选项：科目；B选项：工作；C选项：游戏。英语、语文、音乐都是学科。故答案选：A。
（3）句意：但是他不喜欢历史。根据原文：he often sleeps in history classes.可知，他不喜欢历史。A选项：体育；B选项：美术；C选项：历史。故答案选：C。
（4）句意：他认为它很难。A选项：容易的；B选项：困难的；C选项：凉爽的。上文描述他不喜欢历史，故符合题意的是B。故答案选：B。
（5）句意：他经常在历史课上睡觉。A选项：睡觉；B选项：游泳；C选项：滑冰。符合题意的只有A。故答案选：A。
（6）句意：Robert有一节历史课。have表示“有”，主语是Robert，谓语动词用单三形式，have-has。故答案选：C。
（7）句意：Robert正在绘画，没有听老师说。根据drawing可知，本句为现在进行时，and连接的两个短语时态保持一致。故答案选：A。
（8）句意：我不认识他，而且他不在我们学校。根据he可确定，前面提及的是他，know后面跟人称代词宾格形式，he-him。故答案选：A。
【点评】考查完形填空。注意理解文章大意，结合上下文，选择最佳选项。
10．完形填空完形填空
I have a new friend. I play 1 him every day. He 2 short. And he has 3 legs. He 4 a big head. He doesn't 5 two hands, but he can write letters. Oh, he is 6 computer.
| 1. A. to | B. in | C. with | D. for |
| 2. A. have | B. has | C. is | D. are |
| 3. A. not | B. no | C. a | D. an |
| 4. A. have | B. has | C. get | D. take |
| 5. A. have | B. has | C. is | D. are |
| 6. A. the | B. an | C. a | D. nice |
【考点】完型填空
【解析】【分析】（1）句意：我每天和他......玩。这里是短语play with“和......一起玩”。故答案为：C。
（2）句意：他......矮。这里介绍外貌，用be动词，主语是he，be动词用is。故答案为：C。
（3）句意：他......腿。这里leg用复数，不定冠词淘汰，not直接用在这里不合适，只有no用在这里修饰名词，正确。故答案为：B。
（4）句意：他......大脑袋。get“得到”， take“带走”用在这里意思不合适，用have“有”，句子主语是第三人称单数，have要用单三形式has。故答案为：B。
（5）句意：他没.....两只手。这里助动词用doesn't，和be动词搭配不合适，和动词原形have搭配正确。故答案为：A。
（6）句意：哦，它是......电脑。根据句意这里不是特指，用a不合适，用nice修饰缺少冠词，因此用不定冠词修饰，computer是辅音音素开头的单词用a修饰。故答案为：C。
【点评】这是考查知识综合运用的题目。注意上下文意思的提示。
11．完形填空阅读对话，选择正确的答案填空
Ben: What are you going to do next week?
Susan: I'm 1 to take a trip with my parents.
Ben: Have a good 2 !
Susan: Thank you! How 3 you? What are you going to do?
Ben: I'm going to 4 my grandparents.
Susan: How can you get to their home?
Ben: I want to get there by 5 . It's not far.
Susan: Good idea!
| 1. A. go | B. goes | C. going |
| 2. A. day | B. time | C. night |
| 3. A. are | B. about | C. do |
| 4. A. visit | B. visiting | C. visits |
| 5. A. plane | B. train | C. bike |
【考点】完型填空
【解析】【分析】这是谈论下周活动计划的对话。
（1）句意：我......和我父母一起去旅行。问句是一般将来时，这里答语也用一般将来时，这里是be going to结构，C选项正确。故答案为：C。
（2）句意：......高兴。这是对对方活动的祝福。用常用口语“Have a good time! 玩得高兴！” B选项正确。故答案为：B。
（3）句意：你......？根据对话语境这里是询问对方情况，用“How about you？ 你呢？“。B选项正确。故答案为：B。
（4）句意：我打算......我的父母。这里是be going to 结构，后面跟动词原形，A选项正确。故答案为：A。
（5）句意：我想乘......去那里。根据下句“不太远。”，可知可以骑自行车去，不用飞机或火车。C选项“自行车”正确。故答案为：C。
【点评】这是考查完型填空的题目。根据上下文句意提示或句子结构来选择合适的选项。
12．完形填空阅读对话，选择正确的答案填空。
Sally: What are you 1 ?
Linda: 2 . Do you have 3 plans?
Sally: I hear there is a new film at Sunshine 4 at 7:00 tonight. Would you like 5 with me?
Linda: I'd love to. 6 are we going there?
Sally: It's not far. Let's go 7 bike. OK?
Linda: OK. 8 shall we meet?
Sally: Let's meet at the cinema gate.
Linda: 9 shall we meet?
Sally: 10 6:30.
Linda: See you then.
Sally: See you.
| 1. A. do | B. doing | C. to do |
| 2. A. Nothing | B. Something | C. Anything |
| 3. A. some | B. any | C. a |
| 4. A. Bookstore | B. Cinema | C. Restaurant |
| 5. A. go | B. going | C. to go |
| 6. A. When | B. Where | C. How |
| 7. A. by | B. on | C. in |
| 8. A. What | B. Where | C. Who |
| 9. A. When | B. Where | C. Which |
| 10. A. At | B. On | C. In |
【解析】【分析】（1）句意：你……什么？A做，动词原形，没有be+动词原形，这种结构，排除，B正在做，现在分词，由于现在进行时，be+doing，C做，动词不定式，不能做谓语，排除，故答案为B.
（2）句意：……。根据后句询问对方是否有什么计划，可知琳达没有计划，A没有什么，否定形式，B一些事情，肯定形式，C如何事情，由于疑问句或否定句，故答案为A.
（3）句意：你有……计划吗？本句是一般疑问句， plans是名词复数，A一些，由于肯定句，B一些，用于否定句或一般疑问句，C一个，后面接名词单数 ,故答案为B.
（4）句意：我听说今晚7点阳光电影院有一部新电影。根据 film电影 ，在电影院看电影，A书店，B电影院，C饭店，故答案为B.
（5）句意：你想和我一起……吗？would like to do sth想要去做某事，此处用动词不定式，A去，动词原形，B去，现在分词，C去，动词不定式，故答案为C.
（6）句意：我们去那里……？根据 bike自行车，指方式 ，可知询问怎么样去那里，A什么时候，B在哪，C怎么样，故答案为C.
（7）句意：我们……骑自行车去。by+交通工具，固定搭配，故答案为A.
（8）句意：我们……见面？根据下文 the cinema gate 电影院大门，指地点，可知上文询问在哪见面，A什么，B在哪里，C谁，故答案为B.
（9）句意： 我们将……见面？ 根据下文6:30 ，指时间，可知上文询问见面的时间，A什么时候，B在哪，C哪个，故答案为A.
（10）句意：……6点半。在具体时间前面用介词at在，故答案为A.
【点评】本题考查了完形填空，先翻译对话，然后根据句意，选出恰当的单词填空，使对话完整。
13．完形填空完型填空。
I am 1 English boy. My 2 is Mike. I am twelve. My sister's name is Ann and we are students. My mother 3 a teacher. She's a Chinese teacher. My brother's name is Jim. He's five. 4 father isn't here. He's 5 Xinjiang. I think my family is a good one.
| 1. A. a | B. an | C. the |
| 2. A. school | B. name | C. home |
| 3. A. are | B. am | C. is |
| 4. A. Our | B. We | C. Ours |
| 5. A. on | B. in | C. at |
【解析】【分析】短文大意：我是一名英国男孩。我的名字是迈克。我十二岁了。我妹妹的名字是安，我们都是学生。我的妈妈是一名教师。她是一名语文老师。我弟弟的名字是吉姆。他五岁了。我们的爸爸不在这。他在。我认为我们是很好的一家。
【点评】本题考查的是学生综合运用英语的能力，需要学生有一定的语言积累。
14．完形填空完形填空
Jack is 1 good man . He 2 birthday cakes in a shop. His cakes are great and the prices are not very high, so many people 3 his cakes . He makes friends with lots of 4 people. They all like him very much. One evening, he 5 to go home , but many of his old friends came in . Jack smiled to them ,“I'm sorry. It's late today. Please 6 tomorrow .”One of them took out a nice cake and 7 to him , “You 8 so many great cakes for 9 .This birthday cake is 10 you . Happy birthday , Jack !”
| 1. A. a | B. an | C. the | D. \ |
| 2. A. make | B. makes | C. making | D. to make |
| 3. A. buys | B. buying | C. buy | D. to buy |
| 4. A. this | B. that | C. their | D. these |
| 5. A. wanted | B. want | C. wants | D. to want |
| 6. A. coming | B. come | C. comes | D. came |
| 7. A. say | B. says | C. said | D. saying |
| 8. A. make | B. makes | C. making | D. made |
| 9. A. our | B. us | C. we | D. she |
| 10. A. of | B. to | C. at | D. for |
【考点】完型填空
【解析】【分析】（1）句意：杰克是……好男人。a用于修饰辅音音素开头的单词，好的good是以辅音音素开头的单词，故答案为A
（2）句意：他在一家商店……生日蛋糕。本句是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语用三单形式，makes制作，故答案为B.
（3）句意：他的蛋糕很好，价格也不高，所以很多人……他的蛋糕。根据前半句用一般现在时，后半句也用一般现在时，主语是复数，谓语用动词原形，buy买，故答案为C.
（4）句意：他和很多……人交朋友。people人们，是集合名词，用指示代词复数形式修饰，these这些，故答案为D.
（5）句意：一天晚上，他……回家，但他的许多老朋友都进来了。One evening一天晚上，是一般过去时的时间状语，谓语用动词的过去式，want-wanted想，故答案为A.
（6）句意：杰克微笑着对他们说：“对不起。今天晚了。请明天……。”本句是祈使句，构成动词原形+其它，come来，故答案为B.
（7）句意：其中一个人拿出一块漂亮的蛋糕，对他……：，本句是用and连接时态要一致，前半句用一般过去时，后半句也用一般过去时，say说，过去式是said，故答案为C.
（8）句意：你给……了这么多好吃的蛋糕。本句是一般现在时，主语是第二人称，谓语用动词原形，make制作，故答案为A.
（9）句意：你给……制作了这么多好吃的蛋糕。for sb为某人，代词放在介词后面用代词的宾格形式，us我们，故答案为B.
（10）句意：这个生日蛋糕是……你。for sb为某人或指某物给某人，本句指给的意思，故答案为D.
【点评】本题考查了完形填空，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，选出恰当的选项填空，使短文完整。
15．完形填空完形填空
Jim Green is an announcer(播音员)for the programme(广播节目). Most(大多数) of the girls 1 boys like the programme. They 2 like Jim Green. Some of them often make phonecalls to him and thank him 3 his work. There are，lots of letters(信件)to him every day too. JimGreen 4 at 6: 00 every morning. He has bread and aglass of milk 5 breakfast, He leaves home at 6: 30 andgets to his office at 7: 15. The programme 6 at 7：30. Heplays the new records(唱片)of the pop songs and modem(现代的)music for his listeners. At 8: 00 it's time 7 the news. Jim finishes(结束)work at 10: 30. He goes home 8 car. He 9 anewspaper and listens to music 10 supper. He thinks his life is veryinteresting.
| 1. A. and | B. with | C. but |
| 2. A. too | B. to | C. also |
| 3. A. to | B. for | C. of |
| 4. A. gets off | B. gets up | C. gets on |
| 5. A. to | B. with | C. for |
| 6. A. begins | B. stops | C. start |
| 7. A. to | B. for | C. of |
| 8. A. by | B. in | C. on |
| 9. A. watches | B. reads | C. sees |
| 10. A. behind | B. beside | C. after |
【解析】【分析】这是一篇介绍Jim Green生活情况的短文。
（1）句意：大多数的女孩.....男孩喜欢这种节目。这里boys和girls并列，用and即可，with是介词，不表示并列，but表示意思转折，不合适。故答案为：A。
（2）句意：他们......喜欢Jim Green。根据所给选项这里表示“也”，用在句中用also，too表示“也”用在句尾；to没有“也”的意思。故答案为：C。
（3）句意：他们中的一些人给他打电话......他的工作来感谢他。这里是短语thank sb for sth“因为某事而感谢某人”。故答案为：B。
（4）句意：Jim Green每天早上6点......。 根据下句“早饭吃面包和牛奶”，可知这里是起床“gets up”。故答案为：B。
（5）句意：他早餐吃面包和一杯牛奶。这里是短语for breakfast“作为早餐”。故答案为：C。
（6）句意：节目在7点半......。根据下一句“他为他的听众们放流行音乐和现代音乐的新唱片。”可知这里开始“begin/start”，句子主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用动词的单三形式。A选项正确。故答案为：A。
（7）句意：8点......新闻时间。这是句型it's time for sth“是......时间”。用for。故答案为：B。
（8）句意：他......车回家。这里是短语by car“乘汽车”。故答案为：A。
（9）句意：晚饭......他......报纸和听音乐。这里的短语“read newspaper”，句子主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用动词的单三形式，用reads，watches和sees不表示阅读。故答案为：B。
（10）句意：句意：晚饭......他读报纸和听音乐。这里是短语after supper“晚饭后”，behind和beside表示位置，不和时间搭配。故答案为：C。
【点评】这是考查综合能力的题目。要熟练掌握所学的语法和单词或短语的用法。
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