完型填空Ⅰ
一、命题思路
1、形式240~280个单词,首句不出题。隔15个词左右一个blank。整体把握全文,不仅仅是20个blanks。
2、
阅读→ 解题
整体→ 具体
已知→ 未知
原则:排除与之无关的信息,定位出与之相关联的所有有关信息。
二、相关线索分布规律:
1、句子之中
2、上下句之中
3、整个意群、段落、文章之中
大忌:①孤立地只看20个空! ②只凭对单句的理解!
做题的公理性原则:①胸怀大局!②瞻前顾后!
三、测试点
1、阅读
(1)、整体把握 (2)、上下文/句逻辑关系 (3)、句子内部结构和意义的把握
2、考点
(1)、语法(20~30%)①各种从句:主语、定语、表语、状语、同位语从句
②主谓一致
③倒装结构
④比较结构
⑤分词(主格)
⑥虚拟语气
⑦强调句型
(2)、固定搭配(10%)
(3)、词汇辨析、使用(60~70%)深度把握词汇!
①动词用法
②近义词辨析
③连接(短语)→上下文逻辑关系
四、布局结构、特点
1、中心主线:Focus 主题,明确的导向性或作者态度倾向。
2、结构:总→中心主线;分→贯穿全文
解题步骤:
1、整体通读,抓住中心主线。A首段、首两句b段首句c分述①重点词汇②重点句子
2、按段精读∕理解∕分析∕解题
3、未知:①题型②词性
4、已知线索→未知破解:①相关提示线索
②三步走
③阅读三层次 中心线索
④布局结构
总分①紧扣主题②内在一致③前后呼应
上下文(句)常见的逻辑关系:
1、并列:and,andalso,or,never…nor,either…or,likewise,same as,equally,similarly,in the same way,that is to say,as well as
2、递进:also,then,besides,in addition,additionally,moreover,what is more,farthermore
3、因果: because,for,since,as,thus,hence,therefore,so,so that,ansequently,accordingly,due to,thanks to,as a result,in respose to,because of,in that,with
4、转折:but,however,yet,on the contrary,by contrast,on the other hand,unfortunately
5、让步:although,though,even though,even if,despite,in spite of,nevertheless
6、列举(顺序)
①first,second,last of all
In first place, in second place, finally
②first ……then
③to begin with,to continue╱next
④on one hand,on the other hand
⑤for one thing,for another
⑥one ,another
⑦some,others,still others
7、列举:
3并列关系.常用词:and、as well as、likewise、while、similarly、simultaneously、meanwhile.
And题三种做题方法: HTTP://www.5s5b.com,我拼搏我自信,大学毕业生的精神家园!
a,and前后选择同意词.2003 23.此考法比较少
B.and前后考同一个范围的词。如03年25题。
C.句子对应成分分析。如形对形。
A variety of activities should be organized 35 participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to 36 else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants 37 .
37. [A] off [B] down [C] out [D] alone
Let down失望,沮丧let off 泄漏 let out 淘汰 let alone 更不用说,不用去管。
Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious 21 to how they can best 22 such changes.
21. [A] thought [B] idea [C] opinion [D] advice
句子之间的并列关系。Give idea/opinion+on/about 搭配不对give advice to sb on sth。
Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories 21 on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior 22 they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through 23 with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in 24 to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status 25 as a rejection of middle-class values.(2003)
21.[A] acting [B] relying [C] centering [D] commenting
22.[A] before [B] unless [C] until [D] because
23.[A] interactions [B] assimilation [C] cooperation [D] consultation
24.[A] return [B] reply [C] reference [D] response
25.[A] or [B] but rather [C] but [D] or else
本段总分结构,2,3句话是并列结构。focusing on 以…..为焦点,对应21题目的选项.
In reference to 关于 绿叶词 in reply to 对…...进行答复 in return to作为…..的报答. In response to 对…..作出反应.failure to 没能够,未能够.
1.总分关系:for example、for instance(插入状语) 、such as、including.
例:2001 The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases 31 the trial of Rosemary West.
31.[A] as to [B] for instance [C] in particular [D] such as
prominent cases重大案件the trial of Rosemary West 罗斯玛丽的小案 as to关于绿叶.b要当选前后要有逗号.
2003However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be 27 to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, 28 . publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews, 29 student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs.
28. [A] in effect [B] as a result [C] for example [D] in a sense
13年来考察的插入状语. for example、for instance though.