
第一部分:知识运用(共两节,25分)第一节 完形填空(共1小题;每小题10分,共10分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
1.
Lesson Plan
It was just an ordinary day. There was the usual (1)_______as the children greeted each other. I looked over my plan book and I never felt better. It would be a good day and we would (2)_______a lot. After we settled in for our reading class, I started to check their workbooks.
When I came to Troy, he had his head down as he showed his unfinished(3)_______ in front of me. He tried to pull himself back out of my sight as he sat on my right﹣hand side.(4)_______, I looked at the incomplete work and said, "Troy, this is not finished."
He looked up at me with the most pleading eyes I have seen in a child and said, "I couldn't do it last night because my mother is dying." The sobs that followed (5)_______the entire class.
How(6)_______I was that he was sitting next to me. I took him in my arms and his head rested against my chest. His sobs echoed through the room and tears flowed. The children sat with tear﹣filled eyes in dead silence. Only Troy's sobs broke the stillness of that morning class. One child (7)_______for the tissue box while I just pressed his little body closer to my heart.
What do I do for a child who is losing his mother? Choking back my tears, I said to the group, "Let's pray for the recovery of his mother." And everyone did so.
After some time, Troy looked up at me and said, "I think I will be okay now." He had exhausted his supply of tears; he released the (8)_______in his heart. Later that afternoon, Troy's mother died.
When I went to the funeral(葬礼), Troy rushed to greet me. He fell into my arms and just rested there awhile. He seemed to gain strength and courage, and then he led me to the coffin.
There he was able to look into the face of his mother, to face(9)_______ even though he might never be able to understand the mystery of it.
That night I went to bed feeling lucky for the good sense to (10)_______ my reading plan and to hold the broken heart of a child in my own heart.
(1)
A.embarrassment B.. excitement
C.. astonishment D.. disappointment
(2)
A.accomplish B.. demand C.. miss D.. recall
(3)
A.experiment B.. assignment
C.. document D.. argument
(4)
A.Gradually B.. Hopefully
C.. Accidentally D.. Naturally
(5)
A.frightened B.. annoyed C.. shocked D.. impressed
(6)
A.glad B.. surprised C.. proud D.. curious
(7)
A.wished B.. raced C.. prepared D.. waited
(8)
A.desire B.. power C.. burden D.. guilt
(9)
A.difficulty B.. failure C.. death D.. sorrow
(10)
A.carry out B.. carry on C.. set up D.. set aside
第二节 语法填空(共1小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
Bulletproof coffee (1)________(invent) in 2011 by Dave Asprey, an American businessman.He came up with the idea after visiting Tibet in 2004. Asprey noticed that people there were drinking their teas with yak butter. (2)________Asprey tried a cup, he felt really good. So when he got back home,Asprey tried making his own recipe by adding grass﹣fed butter and coconut oil to his coffee. He discovered that it gave him energy and even helped him lose weight. Plus, it tasted pretty good.So,he decided to share his recipe (3)________ the world.
B
Douban is a Chinese social networking platform whose users are mostly young people. Recently, a Douban discussion group (4)________(name) "985 Loser Introduction Plan" became popular, causing a heated discussion. Most of the group members are students or graduates from top universities in China, but they consider (5)________(they) as losers for various reasons. By writing down their own life stories, they share their (6)________(suffer) and aim to improve their situations by learning from each other's experiences.
C
Keeping a travel journal is one of the best(7)________(way) to keep the memory of a trip alive. Going back and reading your own words(8)________(describe) a day in a foreign country makes you realize how easy it is to forget little details. For people who are not used to writing on a daily basis,keeping a travel journal doesn't have to be hard. It(9)________(require) only a small effort. I usually spare 15 to 20 minutes at night before going to sleep,(10)________forces me to be concise(简洁的) and efficient.
第二部分:阅读理解(共两节,40分)第一节(共4小题;每小题6分,共30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
At age 12, Keegan Sobilo of New Baltimore carefully tucks his legs and arms into a fire suit, pulls on a helmet and climbs into a race car that exceeds 80 mph. He has been doing this since age 8.
"At first, I was scared to death. I was like, 'Let's do bowling or swimming. ' It's still very scary.But he knows what he's doing. Your heart goes out on that track every time he goes out there, " said his mother Hillary Sobilo.
"The sixth﹣grader always wears pajamas to the track every night and takes them off when he puts his race clothes on. He's been doing that for the last four years. That's his trademark, " said Tim Phillips, his crew chief. The first time he wore his train pajamas to the track, Keegan went from last place to ninth place.He decided they brought luck. Since then, he has won a series of championships.
Passion for cars runs in the family. Keegan's father is a design mechanic at Fiat Chrysler Automobiles. He knows what it means to have seats and roll cages built to fit his son's body."What I see in Keegan is passion, like how I feel about car restoration. But for him, everything has to align itself. I tell my son you have to be the perfect package. Winning races every weekend is not the only key. More importantly, you have to have the right name, you have to look the correct way, speak the correct way, and act the correct way. Then the rest of it is really luck, like the stock market. If you don't put yourself out there, you'll never hit it big."
While Keegan's classmates play basketball and volleyball, Keegan is at the Birch Run track﹣practicing, qualifying and racing until 10 p.m. or 2 a.m.. While many children spend time playing video games, Keegan runs race simulation training with his joystick after school.
"The kid is cool.It was like having a grandson. We showed respect to each other. And he takes it very seriously, " said competitor Mike Todd, 69, of Galesburg, Michigan."He's an older soul in a young man's body. I'd like to see him make it big. He's got the willpower."
(1)Keegan enjoys________.
A. swimming B. racing cars
C. bowling D. playing games.
(2)According to the passage, what does Keegan's father value most?________
A. Victory. B. Safety.
C. Good qualities. D. Real luck..
(3)It can be learned from the passage that________.
A. Keegan spends a lot of time practicing
B. the train pajamas bring Keegan success
C. Keegan's mother worries about his studies
D. Keegan picked up the hobby at the age of 4.
You're never too young to make an impact on your community.
Members of Gen Z are exceptionally creative, cause﹣oriented, and hyper﹣aware of the world around them, making them perfectly ready to help handle the world's problems through volunteering.
If you want to make a difference in your community, be a part of something bigger than yourself, or just need to earn some required volunteer hours, then this is the place to start. Here are a few organizations of Gen Z with volunteer opportunities for teens!
Habitat for Humanity
Everyone deserves to have a place they call home. By volunteering with Habitat for Humanity, you can play a role in building up your community. Their Habitat Youth Programs accept volunteers between the ages of 5 and 40 for everything from home construction to affordable housing advocacy.
Meals on Wheels
For those teens who just got their licenses and love any reason to get behind the wheel, here's a volunteer opportunity that'll make driving worthwhile. Meals on Wheels is on a mission to meet the nutritional and social needs of seniors. 225 million meals have been delivered so far﹣connect with your local provider to find out how you can get involved.
Key Club
As the oldest service program for high schoolers, the Key Club has quite a history of helping teens get involved in volunteering. Because clubs are student﹣led, you get a direct say in the kinds of service projects you want to do.Chances are, there's already a ________ in your school, but if not, you can try taking the lead in one.
Best Buddies
Volunteer with Best Buddies to help end the social, physical, and economic isolation of 200 million people with intellectual and developmental disabilities﹣and you'll make some new pals in the process! Join a school chapter(or start your own) to use friendship as a tool for inclusivity in your community.
And don't worry. Even if you can't volunteer physically, there are also tons of online volunteer Opportunities available! Find out more about joining a worthwhile volunteer organizations at www.Gen Z.org.
(1)If you want to help people with disabilities, yon can join________.
A. Habitat for Humanity B. Meals on Wheels
C. Key Club D. Best Buddies.
(2)Teens with a driving license can volunteer to________.
A. send meals to the elderly
B. make nutritional meals
C. drive the seniors around
D. teach the seniors to drive.
(3)What does the underlined word "chapter" mean in the passage?________
A. A part of a book. B. A branch of a club.
C. A period of life. D. An office on campus..
(4)The author writes this passage to________.
A. get more people to volunteer
B. teach teens to he more creative
C. promote awareness of world affairs
D. instruct teens to earn volunteer hours.
We are fortunate to live in a city that encourages bicycling as a means of transportation.Our local government has promoted bicycling by improving bike lanes and increasing the number of them. The growing number of cyclists, however, brings this question to mind: should bicyclists be required to share the responsibilities of the road? Automobile drivers have to take competency tests, follow established regulations, and accept punishment for breaking rules. The city requests drivers to register and license their vehicles to ensure accountability(责任). Bicyclists who use public roadways should be held accountable, too.
Let's look at what sharing the road means. For one thing, it should involve cost sharing.Auto registration and license fees are used, in part, for building and maintaining roadways. It seems only reasonable to ask bicyclists to contribute to transportation funding as well.
More importantly, sharing the road includes accountability. When drivers ignore the rules of the road, the police and other motorists have the opportunity to identify them by their license plate number and report their offenses(违法行为). This isn't true for bicyclists. I've seen bicyclists moving quickly between lanes.Because they show no identification, they feel protected by anonymity(匿名).What good would it do to report to the police "I saw a guy on a red bike blow through the stoplight"? The simple act of making bicyclists identifiable would encourage safer, more responsible riding.
Of course, I've heard arguments against asking cyclists to register and license their bikes. Some people might say, "Little kids ride bikes. Would you require a six﹣year﹣old rider to take a test and pay a fee? " Obviously, the city could determine an age when cycling would be considered a "means of transportation on public roads." Other people argue that bicycle fees are unfair because bikes don't damage the roadways as cars do. Bicycle registration fees could be comparatively modest, and the method for displaying a license number could be simple.
Many U.S. cities and towns now implement bike registration and licensing. A statute(法规)from one. California town states that the laws regulating bicycles have a dual purpose, antitheft and safety. I'm eager to see more bicyclists on the road, and I'm hoping for riders who take their responsibilities seriously.
(1)To advocate responsible cycling, the author suggests________.
A.increasing the number of bike lanes
B.giving competency tests to all cyclists
C.identifying cyclists through registration
D.reporting cycling offenses more frequently.
(2)What is the author's purpose in writing Paragraph 4?________
A.To explain how bicycle registration and licensing work.
B.To provide solutions to reduce irresponsible cycling of kids.
C.To respond to people's doubts about holding cyclists accountable.
D.To argue against requiring cyclists to register and license their bicycles..
(3)What argumentative methods are used in this article?________①Using examples
②Quoting professionals
③Comparing and contrasting
④Appealing to readers' emotions
A.①② B.②④ C.③④ D.①③.
(4)Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?________
A.Should we encourage more cycling in the city?
B.Should cyclists register and license their bikes?
C.What does "sharing the road" mean to cyclists?
D.How can road safety be guaranteed for cyclists?.
Alzheimer's AI
An estimated 5.7 million people in the U.S. have Alzheimer's disease﹣the most common type of dementia(痴呆)﹣and that number is expected to more than double by 2050. Early diagnosis is crucial for patients to benefit from the few therapies available. But no scans can deliver a conclusive diagnosis while a person is alive; instead doctors have to conduct numerous and complicated clinical and neuropsychological tests.So there is growing interest in developing artificial intelligence to identify Alzheimer's based on brain imaging.
Researchers at the University of California, San Francisco, have now successfully trained an AI algorithm(算法)to recognize one of the early signs of Alzheimer's﹣a reduction in the brain's glucose(葡萄糖)consumption﹣in positron emission tomography(PET)imaging.
The algorithm accurately predicted an eventual Alzheimer's diagnosis in nearly all the test cases, according to the study. In PET imaging, a very small amount of a radioactive compound are injected into the body, producing three﹣dimensional images of metabolism(新陈代谢)circulation and other cellular activities. PET is well suited for an AI diagnostic tool because Alzheimer's leads to subtle changes in the brain's metabolism that begin years before neural(神经的)tissue starts to go downhill, says study co﹣author Jae Ho Sohn, a radiologist at UCSF. These changes are "very hard for radiologists to pick up, " he notes.
The algorithm was trained and tested on 2, 100 PET brain images from about 1, 000 people 55 years and older. The images came from a 12﹣year study that tracked people who would ultimately be diagnosed with Alzheimer's, as well as those with mild memory declines and healthy control participants. The algorithm was trained on 90 percent of the data and tested on the remaining 10 percent. It was then retested on a second, independent data set from 40 patients monitored for 10 years. The algorithm was highly sensitive and was able to recognize 81 percent of the patients in the first test group and 100 percent in the second who would be diagnosed with Alzheimer's six years later, on average. The findings were published in February in Radiology.
The algorithm is based on deep learning, a machine﹣learning technique that uses artificial neural networks programmed to learn from examples. "This is one of the first promising, preliminary(初步的)applications of deep learning to the diagnosis of Alzheimer's, " says Christian Salvatore, a physicist at Italy's National Research Council, who was not involved in the study. "The model performs very well when identifying patients with mild or late diagnoses", he says, "but catching it in the earliest stages remains one of the most critical open issues in this field."
(1)People are increasingly interested in using AI to identify Alzheimer's because________.
A. the number of people suffering from dementia is more than doubling
B. diagnostic methods that are both reliable and convenient are in need
C. there are only a limited number of effective therapies for the patients
D. diagnosing Alzheimer's disease through AI is still an unexplored area.
(2)What can we learn about PET imaging?________
A. It recognizes the worsening of the neural tissue.
B. It reduces the glucose consumption in the brain.
C. It changes the pattern of the brain's metabolism.
D. It photographs various kinds of cellular activities..
(3)According to Paragraph 4,________.
A. 90% of the people in the study were trained on the algorithm
B. the participants in the study consist of people both young and old
C. 81% of the people in the first test group were diagnosed with Alzheimer's
D. the algorithm managed to recognize all the patients in the second test group.
(4)What can be inferred from Paragraph 5?________
A. The algorithm serves as a promising treatment of Alzheimer's.
B. Deep learning has been widely applied in diagnosing Alzheimer's.
C. To detect Alzheimer's in its earliest stages calls for more exploration.
D. Whether to use the model to detect Alzheimer's remains a critical issue..
第二节(共1小题;每小题10分,共10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Is Managing Kids' Screen Time a Good Idea?
Screen time is a big topic of conversation in today's households, particularly during the pandemic when online education hours have multiplied for many students.(1)_______They hope to spare their kids from the countless challenges that technology can bring.Yet the challenges of screen time overuse seldom come from kids' devices themselves, but rather from the tense relationships that technology can bring to families.(2)_______But technology has positive benefits too. Since every child and family is different,managing screen time calls for joint family decision﹣making.
If parents believe they can manage a child's screen time through adolescence, they are not only fooling themselves but also inviting relationship trouble with their teens. It is a myth to think that parents can or should manage their kids' screen time through authoritarian restrictions,even during elementary school. (3)_______When children are left out of those decisions,they often become less communicative with parents and siblings. This is the opposite of what parents want to achieve.
(4)_______From early ages, children are quite capable of understanding that a good life involves awareness and balance. Just as they learn right from wrong,and good from bad, they can also learn to use technology in healthy ways. Learning how to regulate oneself and develop healthy behaviors is one of the primary tasks of childhood and adolescence. What happens when an adult tries to regulate a child is that the child misses out on the opportunity to learn for themselves. Enforced restrictions can also make children feel helpless and less confident.
To be clear,this article is not suggesting that families never use apps or trackers,or that there should be no restrictions on screen time.(5)_______Parents should give voice to children and involve them in the planning and decision﹣making process.
A. Of course, there are websites that are unhealthy for kids to access.
B. The alternative is to involve children in decisions that govern screen time.
C. However,every family needs a family media plan between family members.
D. The goal is to see, hear, feel,and understand how children view screen time.
E. To manage children's screen time, parents have invested in apps and trackers.
F. To get children involved, parents should trust and develop kids' self﹣awareness.
G. What it is suggesting is that parents look at managing screen time in a different way.
第三部分:书面表达(共两节,35分)第一节 阅读表达(共1小题;共15分)阅读短文,按照题日要求用英语回答问题。
I started drawing houses at six. Unlike most girls, my dream was to build a backyard clubhouse﹣ a dream that was unrealistic given that we lived in an apartment. By high school I continued drawing and my dreams broadened﹣to become an architect. My older brother told me that look a university education. But my family couldn't afford that kind of elucidation. Still,I fanned the flame of hope.
I got a part﹣time job at Bayside Bowl and started saving money. My bank account,however,was growing quite slowly. When I looked at college catalogs,I couldn't imagine how I would ever get there.I decided Io shrink(缩小) my dreams lo a more realistic size.
Soon after that,a newcomer started frequenting Bayside Bowl. She arrived alone and always carried a pink bag with a ball inside. Her dark,wrinkled skin and curly gray hair made her stand out among our younger customers. She talked to me whenever I cleaned near her lane. I learned her name was Bessie. She had been a singer for as long as she could remember. In her 20s she had tried to get a job as a restaurant singer. "I was a young black woman, and in the early 1950s doors didn't exactly open wide for me. Zilch!" she said.
I admired her ability to pick up a split, hut I also appreciated her advice. "________." she would say. "Set your eyes on your target and follow through." Indeed,Bessie hadn't let the "zilches" stop her. She had saved up and enrolled in the Brightwood Music Academy. It turned out this lady with the pink bowling bag was the Bessie Richards, a recording artist of the 1960s.
Bessie moved on to live with her sister,hut before leaving, she left me with a ﹩50 tip for helping her at the lanes, a reminder to ignore the "zilches" in my life, and some lines of poetry she had copied from a book. Bessie said,"Read this when the going seems tough. It'll help you follow through and reach for your goal." These are the lines:
Hold fast to dreams
For if dreams die
Life is a broken﹣winged bird
That cannot fly.
Hold fast lo dreams
For when dreams go
Life is a barren field
Frozen with snow.
A year has passed since I last bowled with Bessie, and I've resumed my drawing. I'm working and saving money, taking drafting classes,and applying for internships(实习).Whenever I'm discouraged,I reread those lines of poetry.
There'll be no barren field of frozen snow nor zilches for me. Inspired by Bessie and the poem,I plan to continue to dream.
(1)What was the author's dream when she was in high school?________
(2)Why did the author shrink her dream to a realistic size?________
(3)How do you understand the underlined sentence "Life is like bowling"?________
(4)Describe one of Bessie's characteristics and explain why.________
________
________
(5)Who is the "Bessie" in your life? How does he or she help you to pursue your dream?________
第二节(20分)
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。为了减少舌尖上的浪费,你校英语俱乐部拟举办有关"爱惜食物,从我做起"的英语演讲活动。请你写一篇演讲稿,内容包括:
1.食物浪费的现象及危害;
2.你爱惜食物的做法;
3.你的倡议。
注意:
1.词数不少于80;
2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Good morning,everyone.
﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣
That's all. Thank you for listening.
参与试题解析
2022年(有答案)北京市海淀区高三(上)期中英语试卷
第一部分:知识运用(共两节,25分)第一节 完形填空(共1小题;每小题10分,共10分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
1.
【答案】
B
A
B
D
C
A
B
C
C
D
【考点】
故事类阅读
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者虽然没有顺利完成自己的教学计划,但却抚慰了一个孩子破碎的心。
【解答】
(1)B.考查名词及语境理解。A. embarrassment尴尬;B. excitement激动;兴奋;C. astonishment惊讶;D. disappointment失望。句意:孩子们互相问候时,像往常一样充满了兴奋。根据空后的"as the children greeted each other."可知,孩子们像往常一样充满了兴奋,相互打招呼。故选B.
(2)A.考查动词及语境理解。A. accomplish完成,成就;B. demand要求;C. miss想念;D. recall回忆。句意:这将是美好的一天,我们会有很多收获。根据上文"I looked over my plan book and I never felt better. "可知,作者认为自己的计划很好,所以作者认为我们将会收获很多。故选A.
(3)B.考查名词及语境理解。A. experiment实验;B. assignment任务,作业;C. document文件;D. argument争论。句意:当我来到Troy身旁时,他低着头在我面前展示他未完成的作业。根据下文"I looked at the incomplete work and said, "Troy, this is not finished.""可知,Troy的作业未完成。故选B.
(4)D.考查副词及语境理解。A.Gradually逐渐地;B. Hopefully怀着希望地;C. Accidentally意外地;D. Naturally自然地。句意:自然地,我看着未完成的作业说:"Troy,这还没有完成。"老师看到学生作业没完成,自然会说:"Troy,这还没有完成。"故选D.
(5)C.考查动词及语境理解。A. frightened害怕;B. annoyed恼怒;C. shocked震惊;D. impressed影响。句意:随后的啜泣震惊了整个班级。根据上文"I couldn't do it last night because my mother is dying." 可知Troy的母亲快要死了,Troy伤心的啜泣,这个消息令整个班级的学生震惊。故选C.
(6)A.考查形容词及语境理解。A. glad高兴的;B. surprised惊讶的;C. proud自豪的;D. curious好奇的。句意:他坐在我旁边,我是多么高兴。根据下文I took him in my arms and his head rested against my chest. 可知因为Troy坐在作者旁边,作者可以给他安慰,作者因此感到高兴。故选A.
(7)B.考查动词及语境理解。A. wished希望;B. raced赛跑;C. prepared准备;D. waited等待。句意:一个孩子跑向纸巾盒,而我只是把他小小的身体紧贴在我的心口。这里指一个小孩子迅速跑向纸巾盒拿纸巾。故选B.
(8)C.考查名词及语境理解。A. desire要求;B. power力量;C. burden负担;D. guilt愧疚。句意:他卸下了心中的重担。根据上文"After some time,Troy looked up at me and said, "I think I will be okay now.""可知,Troy认为自己会好起来,说明卸下了心中的重担。故选C.
(9)C.考查名词及语境理解。A. difficulty困难;B. failure失败;C. death死亡;D. sorrow悲伤。句意:在那里,他能看到母亲的脸,面对死亡,尽管他可能永远无法理解死亡的奥秘。根据下文"even though he might never be able to understand the mystery of it."结合上文内容"Troy的母亲去世了",可知,对于这么小的孩子来说,虽然面对死亡,但却无法理解死亡的奥秘。故选C.
(10)D.考查动词短语及语境理解。A. carry out实现;B. carry on从事;C. set up创立;D. set aside留出;把……放一边。句意:那天晚上,我上床睡觉时感到很庆幸,因为我的理智把我的阅读计划放在一边,把一个孩子绝望的心放在了心上。根据空后的and to hold the broken heart of a child in my own heart.以及结合上文内容,可知作者暂时把自己的教学计划搁置,去安抚一个心灵受伤的孩子。故选D.
第二节 语法填空(共1小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
【答案】
was invented,When/As/After,with,named,themselves,suffering(s),ways,describing,requires,which
【考点】
说明文语法填空
【解析】
本文是三个片段:A:讲述防弹咖啡的来历。B:讲述豆瓣网上的一个名为"985失败者引进计划"的豆瓣讨论小组。C:讲述记旅游日记的好处和方法。
【解答】
(1)was invented.考查时态语态。句意:防弹咖啡是美国人戴夫•阿斯普里在2011年发明的商人。表示"被发明",所以用被动语态,根据时间状语in 2011,可知用一般过去时态,主语为不可数名词,故填was invented.
(2)When/As/After.考查连词。句意:当阿斯普里试了一杯后,他感觉很好。表示"当…的时候",所以用when或as引导时间状语从句,也可以表示"在…之后",所以用after引导时间状语从句,故填When/As/After.
(3)with.考查固定搭配。句意:所以,他决定与全世界分享他的食谱。share sth. with sb.与某人分享某物,为固定搭配,故填with.
(4)named.考查过去分词。句意:近日,一个名为"985失败者引进计划"的豆瓣讨论小组走红,引起热议。name和它所修饰的词之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语,故填named.
(5)themselves.考查反身代词故填。句意:但由于种种原因,他们认为自己是失败者。指主语they本身,所以用反身代词,故填themselves.
(6)suffering(s).考查名词的复数。句意:通过写下自己的生活故事,他们分享自己的痛苦并且通过学习彼此的经验意图改善自己的处境。可知横线处作宾语,所以用名词suffering,为不可数名词,也可以表示各自的痛苦,为可数名词,用复数,故填suffering(s).
(7)ways.考查名词的数。句意:记旅行日记是保持旅行记忆的最好方法之一。前面有one of,所以用复数名词,故填ways.
(8)describing.考查现在分词。句意:回过头去读你自己描述在外国的一天的话会让你意识到忘记一些细节是多么容易。describe和它所修饰的词之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词作后置定语,故填describing.
(9)requires.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:写一份旅行日记并不难。它只需要很小的努力。描述现状,所以用一般现在时态,主语为it,故填requires.
(10)which.考查非性定语从句。句意:我通常在晚上睡觉前留出15到20分钟的时间,这迫使我简洁高效。指代前面句子,在非性定语从句中作主语,故填which.
第二部分:阅读理解(共两节,40分)第一节(共4小题;每小题6分,共30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
【答案】
B
C
A
【考点】
记叙文阅读
故事类阅读
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了12岁男孩对赛车的热爱和追求并为之努力训练的故事。
【解答】
(1)B. 细节理解题。结合全文内容,如第一段末尾"…climbs into a race car that exceeds 80 mph. He has been doing this since age 8."(……爬进了一辆速度超80英里每小时的赛车,他从八岁起就一直做这个)可知,他喜欢的是赛车,故选B.
(2)C. 细节理解题。根据第四段Keegan父亲的话"Winning races every weekend is not the only key. More importantly, you have to have the right name, you have to look the correct way, speak the correct way, and act the correct way."可知,每个周末赢得比赛并不是唯一的追求。更重要的是,你要有正确的言行举止,为人处世要得当,C项"美好品质"是对这的准确概括,他父亲看重的是这个,故选C.
(3)A. 推理判断题。根据原文第五段结尾处"Keegan is at the Birch Run track﹣practicing, qualifying and racing until 10 p.m. or 2 a.m. While many children spend time playing video games, Keegan runs race simulation training with his joystick after school."可知Keegan可能会练习赛车直到晚上十点甚至是凌晨两点,当其他孩子都在玩游戏时,他在放学后把时间都花在赛车模拟训练上了。从原文这一内容可知Keegan花了很多的时间练习(赛车),故选A.
【答案】
D
A
B
A
【考点】
应用文阅读
广告布告类阅读
【解析】
本文是一篇应用文,作者主要介绍了一些可以加入作贡献的俱乐部,目的是让更多的人做志愿者。
【解答】
(1)D. 细节理解题。根据Best Buddies部分"Volunteer with Best Buddies to help end the social,physical,and economic isolation of 200 million people with intellectual and developmental disabilities﹣and you'll make some new pals in the process!与Best Buddies一起做志愿者,帮助2亿智障和发育障碍人士结束社会、身体和经济上的孤立,在这个过程中,你将结交一些新朋友!"可知如果你想帮助残疾人,你可以加入Best Buddies. 故选D.
(2)A. 细节理解题。根据Meals on Wheels部分" For those teens who just got their licenses and love any reason to get behind the wheel,here's a volunteer opportunity that'll make driving worthwhile. Meals on Wheels is on a mission to meet the nutritional and social needs of seniors. 对于那些刚刚拿到驾照并且喜欢开车的年轻人来说,这里有一个志愿者机会,让驾驶变得有价值。车轮餐食的使命是满足老年人的营养和社会需求。"可知有驾照的青少年可以自愿参加给老人送饭。故选A.
(3)B. 词义猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子"Chances are, there's already a chapter in your school, but if not, you can try taking the lead in one.很有可能,你们学校已经有一个分支了,但如果没有,你可以试着在一个分支里做领导。"可知划线词的意思是"俱乐部的分支"。A. A part of a book书的一部分;B. A branch of a club俱乐部的分支;C. A period of life一段生命;D. An office on campus校园里的办公室。故选B.
(4)A. 目的意图题。阅读全文可知作者主要介绍了一些可以加入作贡献的俱乐部,所以目的是让更多的人做志愿者。故选A.
【答案】
C
C
D
B
【考点】
社会文化类阅读
议论文阅读
【解析】
这是一篇议论文。本文主要讲述骑自行车的人是否应该注册并给他们的自行车颁发牌照。
【解答】
(1)C. 细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句话"The city requests drivers to register and license their vehicles to ensure accountability(责任). Bicyclists who use public roadways should be held accountable, too.市要求司机登记并发放车辆执照,以确保问责制。使用公共道路的骑自行车的人也应该负责。"由此可知,作者建议通过登记识别骑车人。故选C.
(2)C. 推理判断题。根据第四段"Some people might say,"Little kids ride bikes. Would you require a six﹣year﹣old rider to take a test and pay a fee?" Obviously,the city could determine an age when cycling would be considered a "means of transportation on public roads." Other people argue that bicycle fees are unfair because bikes don't damage the roadways as cars do. Bicycle registration fees could be comparatively modest,and the method for displaying a license number could be simple.有些人可能会说"小孩子骑自行车。你会要求一个6岁的骑手去做测试,然后付费吗? "显然,城市可以决定一个年龄,骑自行车将被视为一种"公共道路上的交通工具"其他人则认为自行车收费是不公平的,因为自行车不会像汽车那样损坏道路。自行车注册费可以相对较低,显示车牌号码的方法可以简单。"可知,作者描述第四段的目的是回应人们对骑自行车者问责的质疑。故选C.
(3)D. 推理判断题。阅读第一段"The city requests drivers to register and license their vehicles to ensure accountability(责任). Bicyclists who use public roadways should be held accountable, too.市要求司机登记并发放车辆执照,以确保问责制。使用公共道路的骑自行车的人也应该负责。"以及最后一段" Many U.S. cities and towns now implement bike registration and licensing. 许多美国城镇现在实行自行车注册和许可。" 可知,作者也通过具体的例子来支持自己的观点。由此可知,作者在本文通过举例子和作比较的方式来支持自己的论点。故选D.
(4)B. 主旨大意题。阅读文章内容,并根据第一段"The growing number of cyclists, however, brings this question to mind: should bicyclists be required to share the responsibilities of the road? Automobile drivers have to take competency tests, follow established regulations, and accept punishment for breaking rules. 然而,骑自行车的人越来越多,使人想起这样一个问题: 是否应该要求骑自行车的人分担道路责任?汽车驾驶员必须参加能力测试,遵守既定的规章制度,并接受违规处罚。"由此可知,本文主要讲述骑自行车的人是否应该注册并给他们的自行车颁发牌照。所以短文的最佳标题为"骑自行车的人应该注册并给他们的自行车颁发牌照吗"。故选B.
【答案】
B
D
D
C
【考点】
说明文阅读
科教类阅读
【解析】
本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了利用人工智能诊断老年痴呆症,能够较早确诊。
【解答】
(1)B. 推理判断题。根据第一段的"Early diagnosis is crucial for patients to benefit from the few therapies available. But no scans can deliver a conclusive diagnosis while a person is alive; instead doctors have to conduct numerous and complicated clinical and neuropsychological tests.So there is growing interest in developing artificial intelligence to identify Alzheimer's based on brain imaging.( 早期诊断对于患者是至关重要的,为了从可用的少数疗法中受益。但是,在一个人还活着的时候,没有任何扫描可以提供决定性的诊断;相反,医生必须进行大量复杂的临床和神经心理学测试。因此,人们越来越有兴趣开发人工智能来识别基于大脑成像的阿尔茨海默病)"可推断,人们越来越有兴趣使用人工智能来识别阿尔茨海默病是因为需要即可靠又方便的诊断方法,故选B.
(2)D. 细节理解题。根据第三段的"In PET imaging, a very small amount of a radioactive compound are injected into the body, producing three﹣dimensional images of metabolism(新陈代谢),circulation and other cellular activities.( 在PET成像中,很少的放射性化合物被注入体内, 产生新陈代谢的、循环的和其他细胞活动的三维图象)"可知,PET影像拍摄各种细胞活动。故选D.
(3)D. 细节理解题。根据第四段的"The algorithm was highly sensitive and was able to recognize 81 percent of the patients in the first test group and 100 percent in the second who would be diagnosed with Alzheimer's six years later, on average.( 该算法高度敏感,平均来说,成功识别了第一试验组81%的患者,六年后,识别了第二实验组100%的患者)"可知,该算法成功地识别了第二试验组的所有患者。故选D.
(4)C. 推理判断题。根据第五段的"but catching it in the earliest stages remains one of the most critical open issues in this field.( 在早期阶段识别它仍然是这一领域最关键的未决定的问题之一)"可知,要在最早的阶段发现阿尔茨海默病,需要更多的探索。故选C.
第二节(共1小题;每小题10分,共10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
【答案】
E,A,B,F,G
【考点】
说明文七选五
【解析】
本文讲述在当今的家庭中,屏幕时间是一个大的话题,到底该怎么处理看屏幕时间呢?本文给出了一些建议。
【解答】
(1)E.推理判断题。根据上文:Screen time is a big topic of conversation in today's households, particularly during the pandemic when online education hours have multiplied for many students.在今天的家庭中,屏幕时间是一个重要的话题,特别是在流感大流行期间,许多学生的在线教育时间成倍增加。提到了屏幕时间,再根据下文:They hope to spare their kids from the countless challenges that technology can bring.他们希望让孩子们免受科技带来的无数挑战。可知家长想办法保护孩子免受屏幕的伤害,可知E选项:为了管理孩子们的屏幕时间,家长们投资了应用程序和追踪器。意思相符,故选E.
(2)A.联系下文题。根据下文:But technology has positive benefits too.但科技也有积极的好处。可知上文说科技的坏处,所以A选项:当然,有些网站对孩子来说是不健康的。意思相符,故选A.
(3)B.联系下文题。根据下文:When children are left out of those decisions,they often become less communicative with parents and siblings当孩子们被排除在这些决定之外时,他们通常与父母和兄弟姐妹之间的交流就会减少。其中的those decisions是关键词,指代B选项(另一种选择是让孩子们参与决定屏幕时间。)中的decisions,意思相符,故选B.
(4)F.语境理解题。根据下文:From early ages, children are quite capable of understanding that a good life involves awareness and balance.从很小的时候起,孩子们就很有能力理解良好的生活需要意识和平衡。可知前文是说培养孩子的意识问题,所以F选项:为了让孩子参与进来,父母应该信任并培养孩子的自我意识。意思相符,故选F.
(5)G.推理判断题。根据上文:明确地说,To be clear,this article is not suggesting that families never use apps or trackers,or that there should be no restrictions on screen time.这篇文章并不是建议家庭永远不要使用应用程序或追踪器,或者不应该屏幕时间。其中suggestion是关键词,不是建议,可知下文是建议,所以G选项:它的建议是,家长们应该用不同的方式来管理屏幕时间。意思相符,故选G.
第三部分:书面表达(共两节,35分)第一节 阅读表达(共1小题;共15分)阅读短文,按照题日要求用英语回答问题。
【答案】
Life's like bowling,Tobecomeanarchitect./Becominganarchitect.,Becauseherfamily/shecouldn'taffordauniversityeducation.,Just like playing bowling, we need to set our eyes on the target in life and follow through.,She is/was inspiring because she encouraged the author to pursue her dream.,She is/was determined /brave /persistent because she strove for her goal.,=She is/was generous because she left the author a tip of $50 for helping her at the lanes.,Mymomisthe"Bessie"inmylife.WhenIwas9,Istartedplayingthepiano,butasIdidn'tmakemuchprogress,Iconsideredquitting.Itwasmymomwhoencouragedmetocontinueandthankstoher,nowIcanplayverywellandIenjoyplayingit.
【考点】
阅读表达
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者爱画画,梦想成为建筑师,虽然家庭经济不好,但作者不放弃,自己兼职去追梦,一位顾客的追梦故事和鼓励话语让作者坚定了追梦的心。
【解答】
(1)To become an architect. / Becoming an architect.细节理解题。由第一段中的"By high school I continued drawing and my dreams broadened﹣to become an architect."(到了高中,我继续画画,我的梦想扩大到成为一名建筑师。)可知作者在高中时的梦想是成为一名建筑师。故答案为:To become an architect. / Becoming an architect.
(2)Because her family/she couldn't afford a university education.推理判断题。由第一段中的"Unlike most girls, my dream was to build a backyard clubhouse ﹣ a dream that was unrealistic given that we lived in an apartment. By high school I continued drawing and my dreams broadened﹣to become an architect. My older brother told me that look a university education. But my family couldn't afford that kind of education."(与大多数女孩不同的是,我的梦想是在后院建一个会所﹣﹣考虑到我们住在公寓里,这个梦想是不现实的。到了高中,我继续画画,我的梦想扩大到成为一名建筑师。我哥哥告诉我那看起来像大学教育。但我的家人负担不起这样的教育。)和第二段中的"I got a part﹣time job at Bayside Bowl and started saving money.My bank account, however, was growing quite slowly. When I looked at college catalogs, I couldn't imagine how I would ever get there."(我在Bayside Bowl找到了一份兼职工作,开始存钱。然而,我的银行账户增长相当缓慢。当我看大学的目录时,我无法想象我将如何到达那里。)可知作者一开始想建一个会所,但由于自己的住宿条件,这不现实,之后想成为一名建筑师,哥哥说家人负担不起,作者虽兼职挣钱,但钱不多,说明是作者的家庭状况不好、自己付不起上大学的费用才把自己的梦想缩小到现实的大小。故答案为:Because her family/she couldn't afford a university education.
(3)Just like playing bowling, we need to set our eyes on the target in life and follow through.句意猜测题。由第四段中的""Life's like bowling." she would say. "Set your eyes on your target and follow through.""("生活就像打保龄球,"她会说。"把你的眼睛盯着你的目标,然后坚持到底。")可知那位女士对作者说"Life is like bowling"是为了告诉作者,生活就像打保龄球一样,像把目光放在保龄球上一样,我们需要把目光放在生活的目标上,并坚持到底。故答案为:Just like playing bowling, we need to set our eyes on the target in life and follow through.
(4)She is/was inspiring because she encouraged the author to pursue her dream.
She is/was determined /brave /persistent because she strove for her goal.
=She is/was generous because she left the author a tip of 50 for helping her at the lanes.推理判断题。由最后一段中的"InspiredbyBessieandthepoem,Iplantocontinuetodream."(受到贝西和这首诗的启发,我打算继续做梦。)可得出贝西很鼓舞人心,鼓励作者追梦,故答案为:Sheis/wasinspiringbecausesheencouragedtheauthortopursueherdream.;由第四段中的"Indeed,Bessiehadn'tletthe"zilches"stopher.ShehadsavedupandenrolledintheBrightwoodMusicAcademy."(事实上,贝西并没有让那些"小流氓"阻止她。她攒钱进了布莱特伍德音乐学院。)可得出贝西为自己的目标而奋斗,很有决心、勇敢、坚持不懈,故答案为:Sheis/wasdetermined/brave/persistentbecauseshestroveforhergoal.;由第五段中的"Bessiemovedontolivewithhersister,butbeforeleaving,sheleftmewitha50 tip for helping her at the lanes, a reminder to ignore the "zilches" in my life, and some lines of poetry she had copied from a book."(贝西继续和她姐姐住在一起,但在离开之前,她给了我一个50的小费,提醒我不要理会我生活中的"琐事",还有她从书中抄来的几行诗。)可知贝西给作者留了50美元的小费,说明贝西很慷慨,故答案为Sheis/wasgenerousbecauseshelefttheauthoratipof50 for helping her at the lanes.
(5)My mom is the "Bessie" in my life. When I was 9, I started playing the piano, but as I didn't make much progress, I considered quitting. It was my mom who encouraged me to continue and thanks to her, now I can play very well and I enjoy playing it.开放式题目。学生可根据本文大意结合生活经历,找到生活中的"Bessie(贝西)"并谈谈他或她如何帮助你实现你的梦想的。故答案为My mom is the "Bessie" in my life. When I was 9, I started playing the piano, but as I didn't make much progress, I considered quitting. It was my mom who encouraged me to continue and thanks to her, now I can play very well and I enjoy playing it.
第二节(20分)
【答案】
Hello, everyone. It's my great honor to be here and give a speech on saving food.(点明主题)
Speaking of food, there are two ugly truths. First, a huge amount of food is wasted every year. Millions of tons of cooked and served food ends up in trash cans. Second, primary and secondary school students are among the top three food wasters.(食物浪费的现象)
At present, China is still heavily dependent on the import of certain grains, and wasting food will make our efforts to be self﹣sufficient in vain. Moreover, wasting food also means wasting resources like water, land and energy.【高分句型一】 Therefore, it will damage the environment in the long run.(食物浪费的危害)
Realizing the severe consequences of wasting food, I've been doing my bit to save food. 【高分句型二】At the school cafeteria, I ask for half﹣size servings when I'm not hungry. When dining out in restaurants with family or friends, I propose ordering smaller portions and taking the leftovers home. At home, I check the fridge before making shopping plans to avoid buying more food than we actually need.(介绍自己爱惜食物的做法)
Saving food benefits every one of us. Let's clean our plates today so that we can have enough for tomorrow.(发出号召)
That's all. Thank you for listening.(结束语)
【考点】
提纲类
【解析】
高分句型一
Moreover, wasting food also means wasting resources like water, land and energy.
分析:句子里, 动名词wasting food also作句子 means wasting resources like water, land and energy的主语.
翻译:此外,浪费粮食也意味着浪费水、土地和能源等资源。
高分句型二
Realizing the severe consequences of wasting food, I've been doing my bit to save food.
分析:句子里,现在分词Realizing the severe consequences of wasting food作原因状语。
翻译:意识到浪费食物的严重后果,我一直在尽我的一份力来节约食物。
【解答】
Hello, everyone. It's my great honor to be here and give a speech on saving food.(点明主题)
Speaking of food, there are two ugly truths. First, a huge amount of food is wasted every year. Millions of tons of cooked and served food ends up in trash cans. Second, primary and secondary school students are among the top three food wasters.(食物浪费的现象)
At present, China is still heavily dependent on the import of certain grains, and wasting food will make our efforts to be self﹣sufficient in vain. Moreover, wasting food also means wasting resources like water, land and energy.【高分句型一】 Therefore, it will damage the environment in the long run.(食物浪费的危害)
Realizing the severe consequences of wasting food, I've been doing my bit to save food. 【高分句型二】At the school cafeteria, I ask for half﹣size servings when I'm not hungry. When dining out in restaurants with family or friends, I propose ordering smaller portions and taking the leftovers home. At home, I check the fridge before making shopping plans to avoid buying more food than we actually need.(介绍自己爱惜食物的做法)
Saving food benefits every one of us. Let's clean our plates today so that we can have enough for tomorrow.(发出号召)
That's all. Thank you for listening.(结束语)
