
名词后缀(noun suffixes)
1. -ability(由able + -ity而成,表示“可…性,易…性”)
probability 可能性 adaptability 可适应性 dependability 可靠性
-ibility(由ible+ -ity而成,表示“可…性,易…性”)
sensibility 敏感性 possibility 可能性 flexibility 灵活性
2. -ity (表示性质,状态,情况;-acity, -ality,)
capacity 容量,能力 personality 人格 formality 拘泥形式,手续
-icity(-ic+ -ity构成) simplicity简单 publicity 公开性 plasticity可塑性
-ility(-ile+ ity构成)fertility 肥沃 mobility易动性 fragility易碎性
3. –ancy,-ency (表状态,情况,性质)
expectancy 期待,期望 constancy 经久不变 emergency 紧急情况
persistency 持续,坚持 tendency 趋向,倾向
4. –cy (表示性质,状态)
vacancy 空白 bankruptcy 破产 infancy 幼年期 intimacy 亲密 privacy
5. -ty (表状态,情况,性质; )
specialty特性,专长 loyalty 忠诚 penalty处罚 cruelty 残忍
variety 变化 anxiety 焦虑 propriety 适当,适合
equality平等 humanity人性,人类 complexity复杂性 popularity 通俗
activity 活动 creativity 创造力 relativity 相关性(-ive+ -ity构成)
curiosity 好奇心 generosity 慷慨 (与形容词后缀-ous相对应)
6. –age (表示集合名词;场所;行为或行为结果;状态,情况,身份;物)
percentage 百分比 cottage村舍 postage 邮资 marriage结婚
storage 贮存 shrinkage 收缩 advantage 利益 package包裹
bandage 绷带
7. –al (表示行为,状况;人;物)另外还是形容词后缀
proposal提议 renewal更新 survival幸存 criminal犯罪分子 rival 竞争者
aboriginal 土著人manual手册
8.-ance(表示状态,情况,性质,行为,与-ancy同,对应的形容词后缀是-ant)
resistance抵抗 expectance期待 endurance持久ignorance无知
9.-ence (表示状态,情况,性质,行为,与-ency同,对应的形容词后缀是-ent)
emergence出现 confidence信任 innocence无罪,天真persistence坚持
10. -ar (表示人与物)burglar夜贼 calendar日历 (另形容词后缀)
-er (表示主动者、与某事有关的人与物)(另动词后缀,形容词比较级)
leader领袖 teenager青少年 villager村民 washer洗衣机 heater加热器
creeper爬行动物 cashier出纳员 barrier障碍 glacier冰川
-or (表示人与物)
governor,总督 educator教育者 conductor 导体 sailor海员
detector 探测器 tractor拖拉机 compressor压缩器
11. –ant/-ent(动词+ -ant/-ent表示从事…的人,施行某作用的物)
assistant助手 participant参与者 inhabitant居民dependant依附物
correspondent通讯员 resident居民 detergent洗涤剂
12.-ian (名词+-an专长于..的人;信奉…的人)
historian历史学家 comedian喜剧演员civilian平民 vegetarian素食者
utilitarian功利主义者 musician音乐家
13.-ary (表示场所、地点;人与物) 另形容词后缀anniversary周年纪念
depositary存放处 adversary对手 missionary传教士glossary词汇表
-ery(表示场所、地点;行为、状态、性质;身份)
nursery托儿所 bakery烤面包房 robbery抢劫 trickery欺诈
bravery勇敢 slavery奴隶身份 cookery烹调法
14. –ion/-ation/ -sion/-tion(动词+ 表示行为、状态、或结果)
preparation准备 possession占有物 cushion靠垫 inflation通胀 prediction预言; opposition, recognition;expansion, suspension
modernization现代化 normalization正常化(由-ize+-ation构成)
expansion扩张 collision碰撞(多数由以d或de结尾的动词变化而来)
15. –dom(表示情况、状态、性质、身份;领域、集体、总称)
wisdom智慧 kingdom王国 freedom自由 devildom魔界
16.-ee(表示人,有些有被动意思)
employee雇员 interviewee被接见者absentee缺席者 retiree退休者
17.-eer(表示专做某种工作的人)
engineer工程师 volunteer 志愿者 profiteer 牟取暴利者
18.-el(表示小;人;物;场所,地点)
model模型 parcel小包裹 personnel全体人员 scoundrel恶棍
funnel漏斗 tunnel 隧道 channel 海峡、渠道
19.-ess(名词+-ess表示女性或雌性)
goddess女神 hostess 女主人 mayoress 女,夫人
20. –hood childhood, neighborhood,fatherhood
21. –ics(表示…学科)mechanics, politics,economics
22. –ism idealism, optimism, Buddhism,journalism
23. –ist communist, artist,dentist
24. –tude longitude, gratitude,solitude
25. –logy biology,zoology
26. –ment movement,development,equipment
27. -ness willingness, weakness
28. –ory territory, factory(亦作形容词后缀)
29. –ship hardship, relationship,citizenship
30. –ture, -ure mixture, signature;departure,procedure
形容词后缀(adj. suffixes)
1.-able,-ible 能…的,可…的
changeable ,respectable sensible, flexible
2.-ous; -ious prosperous,disastrous;curious, obvious,
3.-al,ical (兼作n后缀:refusal,criminal)
personal, national, natural; typical,
4. –an American, German, urban
5.-ant;-ent(与名词后缀ance, ence 对应)
resistant, ignorant, abundant, permanent, independent
(-ant亦作名词后缀,指人:accountant, participant)
6.- ary,-ar (-ary可作名词后缀:secretary, dictionary)
particular, peculiar, imaginary, secondary,
7. –ate (亦作名词,动词后缀:candidate, delegate;assassinate )
considerate, fortunate, private
8. –ic,-atic,-etic,-istic
historic; systematic, idiomatic; sympathetic, genetic; pacific, specific;realistic
9. –tive,-sive talktive, sensitive;expensive,impressive
(亦作名词后缀:detective,motive)
10. –ed(加在名词或动词后) talented, aged, retired,married
11. –ern(表…方向的) eastern, western
12. –ful skillful, powerful, doubtful, cheerful
(亦作名词后缀,表示充满时的量:handful, mouthful)
13. –ial influential, essential, partial
14. –ian (属于某国的,某地的) Egyptian, Canadian
(亦作名词后缀,指该地或该国的人)
15. –id vivid, splendid,fluid
16. –ile juvenile, fragile, fertile
17. –ing burning,exciting,surprising
(亦作名词,介词后缀:shopping,feeling,printing;
concerning,regarding,considering)
18. –ish foolish,childish,British
(亦作动词后缀: nourish,establish, vanish)
19. –less jobless,restless,hopeless
20. –ly(加在名词后) friendly,weekly,daily
21. –ory advisory, contradictory(亦作名词后缀)
22. –proof 防… waterproof,fireproof,soundproof
23. –some troublesome, darksome
24. –ual actual, intellectual
25. –ward upward, backward,inward
26. –y sleepy, cloudy, windy
动词后缀(verb suffixes)
1.-ate originate, participate,
2. –en shorten, strengthen, darken
(偶作adj后缀:golden, wooden)
3. –fy identify, classify, verify
4. –ize modernize,normalize,organize
副词词缀
1. –ly properly, namely
2. –wards downwards, outwards
3. –wise likewise, clockwise, otherwise
