
英语中音素分为元音音素和辅音音素两大类。其中元音音素20个,辅音音素24个。 元音:发音时声带振动,呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍,这样形成的语音称作元音。元音发音响亮,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是构成音节的主要音。英语中有20个元音。
辅音:不论声带振动与否,发声时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定阻碍,这样的语音称为辅音。英语中有24个辅音。辅音包括清辅音和浊辅音两大类。发音时声带不震动、送气的叫清辅音。发音时声带震动的叫浊辅音。
图为国际英语音标表:共48个
1.元音:
1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e ie ei
three tree green sheep 、
eat tea meat clean、 he she me、 piece receive
2) [i] 发音字母 i y e
sit picture it、 many twenty happy、 decide delicious
3)[ə:] 字母组合 ir ur ear er or
girl shirt skirt thirty、 turn nurse turtle burger、
learn earth heard、 term her 、 work world
4)[ə] 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e u
Teacher leader remember player 、 doctor actor tractor
delicious、 familiar dollar、 together tomorrow、
Around ago、 listen、 Saturday
5)[ɔ:]字母组合 al or au our ar
small wall、 short more horse
bought 、 warm quarter
6)[ɔ] 发音字母 o a
hot lost lot fox 、 want wash watch
7)[u:] 字母组合 oo o u
food moon room gloom broom broom doom goose tooth
shoe do two true truth blue full prude
8) [u] 字母组合 oo ou u o
look good foot book 、 should could
put pull push、 woman wolf
9) [a:] 字母组合 ar a
car farm arm garden、 fast class glass
10) [ʌ] 发音字母 u o ou oo
up supper lunch fun gun 、 come mother brother love、
trouble 、 blood flood
11) [e] 字母组合 ea e a
head bread pleasure、 elephant sell lesson better
bed desk yes any
12) [æ ] 发音字母 a
bag hand ant happy hat map bad
13) [ei] 发音字母 a ay ea ai ey
name cake late gate、 play say way
great break、 rain 、 they grey
14) [ai] 发音字母 i y
bike fine die night high、
my try fly eye
15) [ɔi] 字母组合 oy oi
Boy joy 、 voice choice
16) [au] 字母组合 ou ow
house out flour mouse、
flower now cow how
17) [əu] 发音字母 o ow oa
home cold go ghost、
know low grow show 、 boat coat
18) [ iə ] 字母组合 eer ear ea
beer deer 、 ear near 、 idea
19) [eə] 字母组合 ear air ere are
pear bear、 chair air、
there where、 care
20) [uə] [auə]字母组合 our ower
hour tour poor、 flower shower
2. 清浊辅音成对:
1)[p] pen pear play pig
2) [b] book big boot bike
3) [t] two ten town city
4) [d] door desk do does
5) [k] king kite key look (发音字母k)
card cat cream come (发音字母c)
fox box (发音字母x) school (字母组合ch)
6) [g] girl good grade
7) [f] five fly fine flag frog
8)[v] very evening every voice
9)[θ] think math myth
10) [ð] that this those these
11) [s] six sit student same (发音字母s)
city celebrate (发音字母c)
Piece juice space (字母组合ce)
12) [z] close breeze
13) [ts] students boots goats
14) [dz] goods woods
15)[ tr] tree country try
16) [dr] dry dream drive drink
17) [ʃ] sheep shoulder ship shoe she
18) [ʒə] pleasure
19) [tʃ] child chicken china chair lunch
20)[dʒ] age language vegetable joy join
三.其它辅音
1)[h] hot home house how
2)[m] man make morning move
3)[n] pen ten nine fine night
4)[ŋ] uncle English think thank
5) [ l] long land black
6) [ r ] read red right run
7)[ j ] yes year yellow
8)[w] when what where window
