Period 2
Lecturer: Chen Yuxin
1.Text Appreciation
Text Analysis
●Theme
The nightingale is the true lover, if there is one. She, at least, is Romance, and the student and the girl are, like most of us, unworthy of Romance. Nightingale sacrifices its own life for pure love’s sake. A true love needs wholehearted devotion and passion.
An analysis of the text structure
Parts | Paragraphs | Main Ideas |
1 | Paragraphs 1-12 | Nightingale struck by “the mystery of love” |
2 | Paragraphs 13-33 | Nightingale looking for a red rose to facilitate the love |
3 | Paragraphs 33-44 | Nightingale sacrificing her life for a red rose |
4 | Paragraphs 45-53 | Student discarding the red rose |
The story began when the nightingale overheard the student crying for a red rose because without it his lover would not dance with him. But there was no rose in the garden because it was winter . So the student was desperate. The nightingale was determined to help the student. She went to ask the first rose-tree, but it said that her roses were white; she went to the third rose-tree, but it said that her roses were yellow; finally she went to the third rose-tree, but it said that it would not have any red rose in this cold weather unless the nightingale would agree to sing to it by moonlight with her breast against a thorn until it pierced her heart and she could stain the rose with her heart’s blood.
The nightingale agreed because she believed that true love was better even than life, and she was willing to sacrifice her life to make the young student happy. So the rose was made and the nightingale died. The student thought himself very lucky to find this beautiful red rose. He picked it and hurried to his love. But the young woman turned him down because she had agreed to dance with another man who came from a rich and powerful family and had given her real jewels. The student decided that love was really stupid, not practical. He angrily threw away the red rose and returned to his books.
●Questions
Question 1: What are the symbolic meanings of “Red rose”, “Lizard” “Student” and “Nightingale”?
Symbolic meanings:
Red rose --- true love, which needs constant nourishment of passions of the lovers.
Lizard --- cynic (cynical people)
cynic: a person who sees little or no good in anything and who has no belief in human progress; person who shows this by sneering and being contemptuous.
Nightingale --- a truthful, devoted pursuer of love, who dares to sacrifice his own precious life
Student --- not a true lover, ignorant of love, not persistent in pursuing love
Question 2: What do you think is the Wildean attitude toward love, romance, art and philosophy?
Content (Three stages of love)
Form (The beauty of language)
The nightingale is the true lover, if there is one. She, at least, is Romance, and the Student and the girl are, like most of us, unworthy of Romance. So, at least, it seems to me, but I like to fancy that there may be many meanings in the tale, for in writing it I did not start with an idea and clothe it in form, but began with a form and strove to make it beautiful enough to have many secrets and many answers. (Wilde’s comments in a letter to one of his friends)
2.Writing Devices
●Genre and Symbols
Fairy tales are full of imagery and symbols. Find imagery and symbols in this text.
Personification:
give human forms or feelings to animals, or life and personal attributes to inanimate objects, or to ideas and abstractions
Simile:
… her voice was like water bubbling from a silver jar.
… as white as the foam of the sea…
Metaphor:
… and redder than the fans of coral
… and the cold crystal moon
Climax:
derived from the Greek word “ladder”, implying the progression of thought at a uniform or almost uniform rate of significance or intensity
Anticlimax:
stating one’s thoughts in a descending order of significance or intensity, often used to ridicule or satire
●Syntactical Structures
Inversion
… and louder and louder grew her song…
Rhetorical Question
What is a heart of a bird compared to the heart of a man?
Repetition
And a delicate flush of pink came into leaves of the rose, like the flush in the face of the bridegroom where he kisses the lips of the bride.
Repetition
She swept over the garden like a shadow, and like a shadow she sailed through the grove.
3.Sentence Paraphrase
●I have read all that the wise men have written, and all the secrets of philosophy are mine, yet for want of a red rose my life is made wretched. (Para. 3)