Ⅲ. （2021年徐汇区一模）Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once.
| A. properly B. victory C. explore D. existed E. contained |
Lighthouses are structures along the shorelines of large bodies of water. For tourists, lighthouses can be an interesting place to visit. ___16___ , and photograph. For historians, they are a window to the past and reminder of a different way of life. For sailors and ship captains, they are a sign of safety. They can protect a boat from running aground（搁浅）at night or other times when there is a fog or a storm.
Originally, lighthouses were built with rooms for the lighthouse keeper. It was the job of the keeper to make sure that it was always working ___17___ . Although it could be lonely at times, it was an important job. Today, almost all lighthouses are automated, which means that there is no need for lighthouse keepers.
No one is certain when lighthouses first ___18___ . We do know that lighthouses is probably more than 3,000 years old. An epic Greek poem titled The Iliad was written by a man named Homer around 1200 B.C. In the poem, Homer refers to a lighthouse, giving modern scholars an idea of how long lighthouses have been a part of human life.
Early lighthouses were quite different from today’s lighthouses. They were usually made of iron baskets that were Suspended from long poles. The baskets ___19___ burning coal or wood. In the 1700s, these baskets were taken the place of by oil or gas lanterns. When electricity was invented, the lanterns were changed into electric beacons（灯标）.
| A.educational B. observe C. reference D. rough E. appearance |
In 1822 a French physicist named Augustin Fresnel invented a lens （透镜） that would prove to be very important in lighthouse technology. With the invention of the Fresnel lens, it became possible to make a beam of light reach as far as 28 miles from shore!
Lighthouse beam can be used to help sailors identify the lighthouse and their own location. Sailors can ___20___ the patterns and lengths of lights from the lighthouse. Then they look it up in a ___21___ book that will tell them which lighthouse they have seen. During the day, sailors can identify lighthouses simply by their ___22___ . Some are short and fat, while others are tall and thin. They can be made of many different materials, such as wood, stone, brick and steel. The patterns also differ greatly. Some lighthouses are painted with stripes or a series of diamond shapes that make them look different. Others can be recognized by their shape—round, square or rectangular.
Many lighthouses are not in use. They are sometimes changed into museums, inns, ___23___ centers, or even private homes. If you ever have a chance to visit one, getting glimpse of history is worth the trip.
【答案】16. C 17. A
18. D 19. E
20. B 21. C
22. E 23. A
【解析】
【分析】短文主要介绍了灯塔的发展历史及作用。
【16题详解】
句意：对游客来说，灯塔是一个值得参观、探索和拍照的有趣的地方。观察句子，根据“to visit, ..., and photograph.”可知这里该空应该也是一个动词，并且用动词原形，结合选项C. explore“探索”符合语境，故选C。
【17题详解】
句意：看守人的工作就是确保它总是能正常工作。观察句子结构，这里缺少的是一个词作状语修饰动词work，结合选项及句意，A. properly“正确地”符合语境，表达的是：正常地工作，故选A。
【18题详解】
句意：没有人能肯定灯塔最初是什么时候存在的。观察句子结构，这里是when引导的时间状语从句，从句缺少谓语动词，结合语境可知时态为一般过去时，根据“We do know that lighthouses is probably more than 3,000 years old. ”和选项可知，D. existed“存在”，符合语境，故选D。
【19题详解】
句意：篮子里装着燃烧的煤或木头。观察句子结构，缺少谓语动词，结合语境可知时态为一般过去时，选项E. contained“包含，容纳”符合语境，表示：篮子里装着燃烧的煤或木头，故选E。
【20题详解】
句意：水手们可以观察到灯塔灯光的模式和长度。该空前是情态动词can，可知这里应该用动词原形，根据“Lighthouse beam can be used to help sailors identify the lighthouse and their own location.”，可知水手们可以观察到灯塔灯光的模式和长度，选项B. observe“观察”符合语境，故选B。
【21题详解】
句意：然后他们在一本能告诉他们所见过的灯塔的参考书中查找。观察句子，可知这里缺少一个词修饰book，look up“查阅”，根据“that will tell them which lighthouse they have seen”可知应该是查阅一本能告诉他们所见过的灯塔的参考书，reference book“参考书”符合语境，故选C。
【22题详解】
句意：白天，水手们仅凭灯塔的外表就能认出它们。观察句子，形容词性物主代词their后接名词，可知这里应该是一个名词。根据“Some are short and fat, while others are tall and thin. ”，再结合选项，可推测是灯塔的外貌， E. appearance“外貌”符合语境，故选E。
【23题详解】
句意：它们有时被改造成博物馆、旅馆、教育中心，甚至私人住宅。根据“museums, inns,... centers, or even private homes.”。可知该空这里也应该是一个建筑物，centers“中心”，可用名词修饰，结合选项A. educational “教育的”，educational centers“教育中心”符合语境，故选A。
（2021年静安一模）Complete the following passages with the words in the box. Each can only be used once（每空限填一词，每词只能填一次）
| A. exercise B. beat C. spread D. influence E. weaker |
Why do some scientists believe this? Many people spend hours on the Internet each day. They spend less time doing things that may ___22___ different parts of their brains. As a result, people lose their social skills. Without using these skills, parts of the brain may become ___23___. This could lead to social awkwardness. It might also cause people to spend too much time alone. Some scientists say the ___24___ is strongest in so-called “digital natives”. These are people in their teens and 20s who have grown up with the Internet.
| A. messages B. experiences C. aware of D. familiar with E. actually |
What do teens think of all of this? A 19-year-old boy John Rowe believes that the effect of the Internet depends entirely on the person. Rowe is a “digital native”. He spends between 6 and 12 hours on the Internet each day. For part of that time, he plays games and sends instant ___28___ to his friends. Has this changed his social skills? He himself says that it has not. He also spends several hours with his friends each day. This gives him a chance to communicate face to face. “If I didn’t actively go out and try to spend time with friends, I wouldn’t have the social skills that I do,”said Rowe. “You can’t just give up on having normal friends that you see each day.”
【答案】21. C 22. A
23. E 24. D
25. B 26. E
27. C 28. A
【解析】
文章大意：本文主要介绍了随着互联网的使用和流行，它改变了我们获取信息的方式，也改变了我们交流的方式。一些科学家认为，互联网的使用可能会使我们的大脑变弱，而另一些科学家则认为使用互联网实际上对大脑有好处。文章还介绍了青少年John Rowe对此的看法。
【21题详解】
句意：随着它的传播，它改变了我们获取信息的方式。根据上文“Internet use became popular in the 1990s.”以及下文“it changed the way we get information.”结合备选词汇，可知是随着互联网的流行传播，它改变了我们获取信息的方式。spread“传播”，符合题意，故选C。
【22题详解】
句意：他们花更少的时间去做那些可以锻炼大脑不同部位的事情。根据上文“Many people spend hours on the Internet each day.”结合备选词汇，可知人们每天花那么多时间上网，应该是花更少的时间去做那些可以锻炼大脑不同部位的事情。exercise“锻炼、练习”，动词，前面有情态动词may，因此这里用动词原形，故选A。
【23题详解】
句意：如果不使用这些技能，大脑的某些部位可能会变得更弱。根据上文“Without using these skills,”结合备选词汇，可知人们不使用这些技能，大脑的某些部位可能会变得更弱。这里暗含比较级形式，weaker“更弱的”，符合题意，故选E。
【24题详解】
句意：一些科学家表示，这种影响在所谓的“数字原生代”中最为强烈。根据上文“It might also cause people to spend too much time alone.”结合备选词汇，可知这种影响在所谓的“数字原生代”中最为强烈。influence“影响”，名词，符合题意，故选D。
【25题详解】
句意：没有人确定一个人的经历是如何影响大脑的。根据“No one is sure about how a person’s … affect the brain.”结合上下文语境，以及备选词汇，可知没有人确定一个人的经历是如何影响大脑的。experiences“经历、经验”，名词，符合题意，故选B。
【26题详解】
句意：一些科学家认为，使用互联网实际上对大脑有好处。根据下文“Mizuko Ito says that by hanging out online with friends, teens learn important skills.”结合备选词汇，可知是一些科学家认为，使用互联网实际上对大脑有好处。actually“实际上、事实上”，副词，符合题意，故选E。
【27题详解】
句意：例如，青少年意识到什么是可以发布在互联网上。根据“For example, teens become … what is OK to post on the Internet.”结合备选词汇，可知aware of“意识到、知道”符合题意，故选C。
【28题详解】
句意：在那段时间里，他玩游戏，给朋友发即时消息。根据“he plays games and sends instant … to his friends.”结合备选词汇，可知是在他上网的时间里，他玩游戏，或者给朋友发即时消息。messages“消息、信息”，符合题意，故选A。
Ⅲ. （2021年杨浦区一模）Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once.
| A major B. process C. produce D. invention E. as well as |
Chinese animation has a history of over 80 years, starting with the “Wan Brothers” who started to____16____ Chinese cartoon films in the 1920s in many kinds of categories, such as puppet, paper-cut and so on.
Ink-wash animation is a ____17____ part of it. When it first appeared in the 1960s, it was a breakthrough in the form of expression and aesthetic（美学的）conception in animated area. Two ink-wash films called “Tadpoles Searching for Mother” and “Cowherd’s Flute,”, with Te Wei as art director and Qian Jiajun as technical director developed a high reputation both at home and abroad.
The former received the Best Animated Film Prize at the First Hundred Flower Awards___18___winning five international prizes, while “Cowherd’s Flute” was awarded the Golden Prize at the Odense International Fairy Tale Film Festival in Denmark. People called ink-wash animation the “fifth Chinese___19___.”
| A. roles B. amazing C. amusing D. exploring E. influenced |
But even before the birth of Tadpoles Searching for Mother, another Chinese animated feature film called Uproar in Heaven had started ____20____ a connection between Chinese traditional painting and animation. The two-hour- long film mixed five different colors in its ____21____ , which included the Monkey King and the Jade Emperor. It was considered an ideal combination of Disney-style films and Chinese traditional arts.
Japanese Cartoonist Osamu Tezuka, the “Godfather of Anime” said he was greatly ___22___ by Chinese ink- wash animation. Another Japanese anime artist also commented, saying. “It is unbelievable that ink-wash pictures could move like films. It’s ______23______!”
【答案】16. C 17. A
18. E 19. D
20. D 21. A
22. E 23. B
【解析】
短文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国动画电影的发展历史。
【16题详解】
句意：中国动画已经有80多年的历史了，从20世纪20年代开始创作中国动画电影的“万氏兄弟”开始，他们创作了多种类型的动画片，如木偶、剪纸等。根据前句“Chinese animation has a history of over 80 years,”可知，是从从20世纪20年代开始创作中国动画，空处动词应是produce，生产、制造；开始干某事：start to do sth.。故填C。
【17题详解】
句意：水墨动画是其中的一个主要部分。根据下文的叙述“When it first appeared in the 1960s, it was a breakthrough in the form of expression and aesthetic（美学的）conception in animated area. Two ink-wash films called “Tadpoles Searching for Mother” and “Cowherd’s Flute,”, with Te Wei as art director and Qian Jiajun as technical director developed a high reputation both at home and abroad.”可知，水墨动画是其中的一个主要部分。故空处应是major，主要的，形容词，修饰名词。故填A。
18题详解】
句意：前者获得第一百届花卉大奖最佳动画电影奖，以及五项国际大奖。根据空前“received the Best Animated Film Prize at the First Hundred Flower Awards”和空后“winning five international prizes,”可知，空处应是as well as，以及、除……之外（也），后面多接doing。故填E。
【19题详解】
句意：人们把水墨动画称为“中国的第五个发明”。空处的词在定冠词the之后，应是名词；结合上文的叙述可知，空处应是invention，发明，名词。故填D。
【20题详解】
句意：但是即使在《小蝌蚪找妈妈》出生之前，另一部名为《大闹天宫》的中国动画电影就已经开始探索中国传统绘画和动画之间的联系。根据空后“a connection between Chinese traditional painting and animation.”可知，空处应是exploring，探讨。故填 D。
【21题详解】
句意：这达两小时的电影将五种不同的颜色融合进它的角色中一起，其中包括美猴王和玉帝。根据非性从句“which included the Monkey King and the Jade Emperor.”可知，空处应是复数名词roles，角色。故填A。
【22题详解】
句意：日本漫画家手冢治虫，“动画教父”说他受到了中国水墨动画的很大影响。根据下句“Another Japanese anime artist also commented, saying. “It is unbelievable that ink-wash pictures could move like films. It’s …!””可知，空处应是influenced，影响。故填 E。
【23题详解】
句意：另一位日本动漫艺术家也评论道，说“难以置信的是，水墨画可以像电影一样移动。太神奇了”。根据前半句“It is unbelievable that ink-wash pictures could move like films.”可知，空处应是amazing，令人惊喜的。故填 B。
Ⅲ. （2021年长宁区一模） Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once.
| A. advantages B. award C. educational D. grades E. explore |
Students will learn about science. They can learn about different kinds of plants. Students would ___23___ organic gardening, ecology, botany, and other science topics.
Students will get sunshine and exercise. Gardening can be hard work. Students in all ___24___ can share the jobs. Everyone will have a chance to feel involved.
| A. support B. depends on C. likely D. responsibility E. necessary |
Finally, students will learn healthy eating habits. A lot of kids don’t like vegetables. However, if they have helped grow the food, they will be more ___27___ to try it. Many students will be shocked to find out that they like green, leafy stuff!
We hope that you will ___28___ our idea. Thank you for your time.
【答案】21. C 22. A
23. E 24. D
25. D 26. B
27. C 28. A
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文，就蔬菜种植花园这个项目对学生的好处进行了阐述。
【21题详解】
句意：我们认为这将是一个良好的社区项目，不仅有教育意义，而且也会是有趣的。根据下文“Students will learn about … Students will get …”可知，此处是指蔬菜种植花园这个项目对于学生来说是具有教育意义的，学生能从中学到很多东西。空格处应填意为“有教育意义的”形容词educational，故选C。
【22题详解】
句意：会有很多好处。根据下文“Students will learn about … Students will get …”可知，这个蔬菜种植花园这个项目对于学生来说有很多好处。空格处应填意为“好处”的名词advantages，故选A。
【23题详解】
句意：学生将探索有机园艺、生态学、植物学和其他科学主题。根据上文“Students will learn about science”可知，通过探索有机园艺、生态学、植物学和其他科学主题，学生可以学到一些关于科学的知识。空格处应填意为“探索”的动词explore，故选E。
【24题详解】
句意：各个年级的学生都可以分担工作。根据下文“Everyone will have a chance to feel involved”可知，各个年级的学生都可以分担工作，每个人都会参与其中。空格处应填意为“各年级”的名词grades，故选D。
【25题详解】
句意：学生还将学会承诺和责任。根据下文“The success of the garden depends on completing every task”可知，通过蔬菜种植花园，学生还将学会承诺和责任。空格处应填意为“责任”的名词responsibility，故选D。
【26题详解】
句意：花园的成功取决于完成每一项任务。根据上文“Gardening takes teamwork and patience”可知，园艺需要团队合作和耐心，花园的成功取决于完成每一项任务。空格处应填意为“依赖于、取决于”的短语depends on，故选B。
【27题详解】
句意：如果他们帮助种植了这些食物，他们就更有可能尝试（这些食物）。根据上文“A lot of kids don’t like vegetables. However …”可知，很多孩子不喜欢蔬菜，然而，如果他们帮助种植了这些食物，他们就更有可能尝试（这些食物）。空格处应填意为“可能的”形容词likely，故选C。
【28题详解】
句意：我们希望你能支持我们的想法。根据句子结构，空格处应填动词，根据our idea可知，support“支持”为动词，故选A。
III. （2021年虹口一模）Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can be used only once.(将下列单词或者词组填入空格，每个空格限填一词，每词只能填一次)
| A. on video B. thinking C. ability D. solutions E. based on |
The contest, which is run by 3M and Discovery Education, is open to students in grades 5-8. Hundreds of kids sent in ideas ___33___ . In June 2019, 10 finalists were chosen ___34___ their knowledge and ___35___ to share their idea clearly.
The finalists were matched with a scientist. Students were given several months to improve their projects with the help and advice of these scientists.
| A. prize B. finally C. discovered D. expressed E. wounds |
Kara Fan from California won the big ___38___ for a special liquid bandage she created. It can be sprayed on cuts and ___39___. One important part of Kara's bandage is nano -silver(纳米银)—silver in extremely tiny form. Kara had to do a lot of research to get that part just right. For winning, Kara got $25,000.
【答案】32. D 33. A
34. E 35. C
36. B 37. D
38. A 39. E
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了2019年青年科学家挑战赛的获胜者4岁的卡拉·范的喷雾剂绷带击败了其他一些有创造性的解决方案，解决了世界上一些最大的问题。
【32题详解】
句意：4岁的卡拉·范的喷雾剂绷带击败了其他一些有创造性的解决方案，解决了世界上一些最大的问题。根据所给空前面的“several other creative”并结合所给单词可知，应该是其他一些有创造性的解决方案，solutions意为“解决方案”，故选D。
【33题详解】
句意：成百上千的孩子通过视频发表了自己的想法。根据前文的“Hundreds of kids sent in ideas”并结合所给单词可知，应该是成百上千的孩子通过视频发表了自己的想法，on video意为“通过视频”，故选A。
【34题详解】
句意：以他们的知识和能力为依据选择了10名入围者，他们清楚地分享了自己的想法。根据前文的“10 finalists were chosen”和后面的“their knowledge”并结合所给单词可知，应该是以他们的知识为依据选择了10名入围者，based on意为“以……依据”，故选E。
【35题详解】
句意：以他们的知识和能力为依据选择了10名入围者，他们清楚地分享了自己的想法。根据前面“their knowledge and”并结合所给单词可知，应该是以他们的知识和能力为依据，ability意为“能力”，故选C。
【36题详解】
句意：最后入围者终于见到了他们的科学家。根据后文的“met their scientists”并结合所给单词可知，应该是最后入围者终于见到了他们的科学家，finally意为“最后”，故选B。
【37题详解】
句意：学生们在小组里表达了他们的观点，并宣布了获胜者。根据后文的“their views in the group”并结合所给单词可知，应该是学生们在小组里表达了他们的观点，expressed意为“表达”，故选D。
【38题详解】
句意：来自加利福尼亚州的卡拉·范因她发明的一种特殊的液体绷带而获得大奖。根据前文的“won the big”并结合所给单词可知，应该是赢得了大奖，prize意为“奖，奖赏”，故选A。
【39题详解】
句意：它可以喷在伤口上。根据前文的“It can be sprayed on cuts and”并结合所给单词可知，应该填的是和cuts并列关系的名词，wounds意为“伤口”，故选E。
III. （2021年普陀区一模）Complete the following passages with the words in the box. Each can only be used once(将下列单词填入空格。每空限填一词, 每词只能填一次)
| A. prevent B. exercise C. avoid D. further E. aware |
Get tired easily? Has a doctor said he can’t find anything wrong with you? You might be in an unhealthy state between health and disease. Doctors often tell you to be ___32___ of the importance of forming good living habits. It is the key to ___33___ you from being unhealthy. You need to rest, ___34___ and take part in open air activities. They also say a balanced diet is helpful to ___35___ being unhealthy. Besides, you need to stay in a good mood. Always think about your goals in life and how happy you are when you complete them.
【答案】32. E 33. A
34. B 35. C
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了亚健康状态以及如何保持健康的身体状态。
【32题详解】
句意：医生经常告诉你要意识到养成良好生活习惯的重要性。根据下文“It is the key to prevent you from being unhealthy”可知，要是意识到养成良好生活习惯的重要性，这是防止你不健康的关键。be aware of意为“意识到”，符合句意，故选E。
【33题详解】
句意：这是防止你不健康的关键。根据上文“Doctors often tell you to be aware of the importance of forming good living habits”可知，要是意识到养成良好生活习惯的重要性，这是防止你不健康的关键。prevent sb. from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”，符合句意，故选A。
【34题详解】
句意：你需要休息、锻炼和参加户外活动。根据前后文“rest … take part in open air activities”可知，此处是指“需要休息、锻炼和参加户外活动”等一系列动作。故选B。
【35题详解】
句意：他们还说均衡的饮食有助于避免不健康。根据上文“It is the key to prevent you from being unhealthy”可知，这是防止你不健康的关键，故此处指的是“他们还说均衡的饮食有助于避免不健康”。故选C。
| A. rarely B. audience C. steps D. seriously E. loudly |
Most of us are afraid of making a speech in public and don't do a good job. Here are some simple ____36____ to help you make it a great one. There are some things you need to consider ____37____. The first problem is to find out as much as you can about your ____38____. Who are they? What do they know about the subject of your speech? Put yourself in their shoes as you prepare for it. Then try to arrange your material so that what you say will be easy to follow. Use as many examples as possible. Remember to speak slowly and ____39____ to make everyone hear you clearly. Don't talk over their heads or talk down to them.
【答案】36. C 37. D
38. B 39. E
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些关于演讲的技巧。
【36题详解】
句意：下面是一些简单的步骤来帮助你让它成为一个很好的演讲。根据前文的“Most of us are afraid of making a speech in public and don't do a good job, Here are some simple”和所给单词可知，应该是下面是一些简单的步骤，steps意为“步骤”，故选C。
【37题详解】
句意：有些事情你需要认真考虑。根据前文的“There are some things you need to consider”和所给单词可知，应该是认真考虑，seriously意为“认真地”，故选D。
【38题详解】
句意：第一个问题是尽可能多地了解你的听众。根据后文的“Who are they? What do they know about the subject of your speech?”和所给单词可知，应该是尽可能多地了解你的听众，audience意为“听众”，故选B。
【39题详解】
句意：记住说话要慢，声音要大，让每个人都听得清楚。根据后文的“make everyone hear you clearly”可知，应该是说话要慢，声音要大，loudly意为“大声地”，故选E。
III. （2021年闵行一模）Complete the following passages with the words in the box. Each can only be used once(每空限填一词，每词只能填一次)
| A. draw conclusions B. wonderful C. various D. talents E. divided into |
Watson tells people about this first case which involves the murders of two men. The story is ___19___ two parts. In the first part, Holmes solves the crime and captures the killer. The second part explains why the killer murdered his victims.
| A. suddenly B. in the darkness C. invented D. importantly E. trousers |
【答案】16. D 17. A
18. C 19. E
20. A 21. E 22. B 23. C
【解析】
本文介绍了两本小说中福尔摩斯所表现的破案天赋，他能够注意到细节，把它们组合在一起并得出结论。
【16题详解】
句意：他们的冒险、经历、才华和个性让他们难以忘怀。此空与“adventures”“experiences”及“personalities”构成并列关系，所以此空也是一个名词，结合选词，talents“才华”符合语境，故选D。
【17题详解】
句意：他能够注意到细节，把它们组合在一起并得出结论，这让每个人都感到惊讶。根据“His ability to notice details, put them together ”，可知，通过把这些细节组合在一起得出结论， draw conclusions“得出结论”符合语境，故选A。
【18题详解】
句意：华生注意到，许多有趣的人会在白天的不同时间来拜访福尔摩斯。根据“many interesting people visit Holmes at … moments during the day”及选词，可知，人们在白天的不同时间来拜访福尔摩斯，various“不同的”符合语境，故选C。
【19题详解】
句意：故事分为两部分。根据“In the first part”及“The second part”，可知，故事被分为了两部分，divided into“被划分为……”符合语境，故选E。
【20题详解】
句意：突然，没有任何通知，工作停止了。根据“with no notice”及“the job stopped”，可知，在没有任何通知的情况下，工作突然停止了，suddenly“突然”符合语境，故选A。
【21题详解】
句意：他注意到斯波尔丁裤子的膝部已经脏了。根据“the knees of Spaulding's…were dirty”及选词，可知，注意到裤子膝盖那部分脏了，trousers“裤子”符合语境，故选E。
【22题详解】
句意：四个人躲在黑暗中等待着。根据“hid”及“waited”，结合选词及下文的描述，躲在黑暗里等待着那两个人从地道中窜出来，in the darkness“在黑暗中”符合语境，故选B。
【23题详解】
句意：这两个人为了在挖掘通往银行金库的隧道时不让威尔逊靠近而创办了这个公司。根据“to keep Wilson away while they dug the tunnel to the bank vault”，可知，创办这个公司的目的是挖掘通往银行金库的隧道时不让威尔逊靠近，invented“创造”符合语境，故选C。
Ⅲ. （2021年嘉定一模）Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each one can only be used once.
| A. begged B. hurriedly C. ordered D. generous E. amused |
The Lion was much ___18___ to think that a Mouse could ever help him. But he was ___19___ and finally let the Mouse go.
| A. laughed B. voice C. unable D. managed E. caught |
“You ___23___ when I said I would repay you,” said the Mouse. “Now you see that even a Mouse can help a Lion.”
【答案】16. B 17. A
18. E 19. D
20. E 21. C
22. B 23. A
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了一只狮子和老鼠之间发生的故事。
【16题详解】
句意：她感到很害怕，赶紧走开了。根据前文的“She felt so frightened and”和后文的“went away”并结合所给单词可知，应该是她感到很害怕，赶紧走开了，hurriedly意为“匆忙的”，故选B。
【17题详解】
句意：可怜的老鼠哀求道。根据前文的“Spare（饶恕）e!”和后文的“the poor Mouse. “Please let me go and some day, I will surely repay（回报）you.”并结合所给单词可知，应该是可怜的老鼠哀求道，begged意为“恳求，哀求”，故选A。
【18题详解】
句意：狮子一想到老鼠能帮他，就觉得好笑。根据前面“was”可知，应该填形容词作表语，由“to think that a Mouse could ever help him”并结合所给单词可知，应该是狮子一想到老鼠能帮他，就觉得好笑，amused意为“好笑的”，故选E。
【19题详解】
句意：但他很慷慨，最后还是放了老鼠。根据前面的“was”可知，应该填形容词作表语，由“finally let the Mouse go”可知，应该是但他很慷慨，最后还是放了老鼠，generous意为“慷慨的”，故选D。
【20题详解】
句意：狮子被猎人的网缠住，不能动弹。根据前面的“ the Lion was”和后面的“in a hunter’s net”可知，应该是狮子被猎人的网缠住，用被动语态，时态是一般过去时，一般过去时的被动语态构成：主语+was/were+动词过去分词，过去分词caught“抓住”，故选E。
【21题详解】
句意：狮子被猎人的网缠住，不能动弹。根据前面的“the Lion was caught in a hunter’s net”和后面的“to free himself”并结合所给单词可知，应该是不能动弹，unable意为“未能，无法”，故选C。
【22题详解】
句意：老鼠知道这个声音，很快就发现狮子在网里挣扎。根据前文的“He filled the forest with his angry roaring”并结合所给单词可知，应该是老鼠知道这个声音，voice意为“声音”，故选B。
23题详解】
句意：我说要报答你的时候你还大笑。根据前文的“The Lion was much amused to think that a Mouse could ever help him”和后面的“Now you see that even a Mouse can help a Lion”并结合所给单词可知，应该是我说要报答你的时候你还大笑，laughed意为“大笑”，故选A。
（2021年松江区一模）Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only be used once
将下列单词或词组填入空格每空格限填一词, 每词只能填一次。
| A) designed B) important C) disabled D) visitors E) success |
The Louvre used to be fortress(堡垒) in the 12nd century. Before it opened as a museum, King Charles V and Philippe II lived there. When the Royal Family moved to Versailles(凡尔赛宫), the building was turned into one of the most ___42___ museums in the world. It now covers a total area of 160, 000 square meters.
A glass pyramid(金字塔) was built in the palace's main courtyard in 19. It was ___43___ by Ieoh Ming Pei, a famous Chinese-American architect. When it was newly built, some people disliked it and said that it destroyed the beauty of the palace. But the pyramid proved itself to be a great ___44___ over the years. It is now loved by both tourists and local people. In fact, the pyramid itself has become a tourist attraction.
| A) audience B) connection C) efforts D) effective E) closer |
But the ___45___ was a little unusual—all 2, 292 seats were filed with potted plants. And people watched the concert on the internet.
Eugenio Ampudia, an artist came up with the idea for the concert. Mr. Ampudia said that during the coronavirus lockdown(新冠病毒封锁), he felt ___46___ to nature. He was happy that humans could only watch while nature came back to fill many places. The concert was built on that idea, and got people to think about their ___47___ with nature.
The event was also a way to thank Spain's health care workers. After the concert, the plants were given to health care workers in Barcelona to thank them for their ___48___ during Spain's fight against the virus.
【答案】41. D 42. B
43. A 44. E
45. A 46. E
47. B 48. C
【解析】
本文介绍了卢浮宫的发展历程，以及巴塞罗那歌剧院在疫情期间的特殊表演形式，这种变化让人们更加接近大自然。
【41题详解】
句意：目前，每年接待游客800多万人次。it指代前文的“the Louvre”，根据“receives over 8 million”，可知，这是指每天的游客数量，visitors“游客”，故选D。
【42题详解】
句意：这座建筑后来变成了世界上最重要的博物馆之一。根据“the building was turned into one of the most… museums in the world”及选词，可知，卢浮宫成为了世界上最重要的博物馆之一，one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词，表示“最……之一”，important“重要的”，故选B。
【43题详解】
句意：它是由著名美籍华人建筑师贝聿铭设计的。根据“It was … by Ieoh Ming Pei”及选词，可知，此处介绍它是由谁设计的，designed“设计”，故选A。
【44题详解】
句意：但多年来，金字塔证明了自己的巨大成功。根据“It is now loved by both tourists and local people”及选词，可知，现在受到了游客的喜欢说明它是很成功的，success“成功”，故选E。
【45题详解】
句意：但是观众有点不同寻常——所有2292个座位上都摆满了盆栽。根据“And people watched the concert on the internet”可知，座位上摆满了盆栽，人们在网络上观看演唱会，所以是观众有点不同寻常，audience“观众”，故选A。
【46题详解】
句意：安普迪亚说，在冠状病毒封锁期间，他感觉更接近自然。根据“He was happy that humans could only watch while nature came back to fill many places”，可知，他感觉更接近了大自然，closer“更接近”，故选E。
【47题详解】
句意：让人们思考他们与自然的联系。根据“He was happy that humans could only watch while nature came back to fill many places”及“got people to think about their … with nature”可知，在新冠病毒封锁期间，让人们更加接近大自然，也是让人们思考与自然之间的联系，connection“联系”，故选B。
【48题详解】
句意：音乐会结束后，这些植物被赠送给巴塞罗那的医护人员，感谢他们在西班牙抗击病毒期间所做的努力。根据“the plants were given to health care workers”及“during Spain's fight against the virus”，可知，将这些植物赠送给医护人员，是为了感谢他们在疫情期间所做的努力，efforts“努力”，故选C。
Ⅲ. （2021年宝山一模）Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each one can only be used once.
| A. gained B. characters C. rules D. adventures E. made |
Comic books are an unusual kind of storybook. They tell a story using only pictures and speech bubbles or captions. The ___21___ of these stories are usually superheroes with special abilities.
The Spider-Man comic books follow the ___22___ of a young man named Peter Parker. Peter’s parents died when he was very young. Peter accidentally ___23___ his spider-like abilities when he was 15. After that, Peter ___24___ many clever tools himself, such as his web-shooters. He uses his skills to fight evil enemies. Peter is very different when he is Spider-Man—He becomes strong and brave.
| A. except B. also C. female D. because of E. besides |
Storm is the name of a ___27___ superhero from the X-man comic books. The X-men are born with superhero abilities. They team together to fight their enemies. Storm got her name ___28___ her special ability to control the weather.
【答案】21. B 22. D
23. A 24. E
25. B 26. A
27. C 28. D
【解析】
【分析】第一篇向我们介绍了蜘蛛侠；第二篇向我们介绍了蝙蝠侠和暴风女。
【21题详解】
句意：这些故事中的人物通常是拥有特殊能力的超级英雄。根据该空的修饰部分后置定语“of these stories”及谓语动词are是复数，可知主语是复数，备选词characters“人物”符合语境，故选B。
【22题详解】
句意：《蜘蛛侠》漫画书讲述了一个名叫彼得·帕克的年轻人的冒险故事。此处为of所有格，故空格处为名词；根据“He uses his skills to fight evil enemies.”他用他的技能来对付的敌人，可推知是冒险的事，adventures“冒险活动”符合语境，故选D。
【23题详解】
句意：彼得15岁时意外获得了蜘蛛侠的超能力。观察句子结构，这里缺少一个谓语动词，根据“his spider-like abilities”蜘蛛侠的超能力，可知应该是获得，gained“获得，得到”符合语境，故选A。
【24题详解】
句意：从那以后，彼得自己做了许多聪明的工具，比如他的射网器。观察句子结构，这里缺少一个谓语动词，根据“many clever tools”许多聪明的工具，可知应该是做了许多聪明的工具，made“制作”符合语境，故选E。
【25题详解】
句意：他也有许多聪明的工具来帮助他对抗他的敌人。根据上文提到自己做了许多聪明的工具，结合备选词，also“也”符合语境，表示他也有许多聪明的工具来帮助他对抗他的敌人，故选B。
【26题详解】
句意：除了罗宾，很少有人知道蝙蝠侠到底是谁。根据“Very few people know who Batman really is”很少有人知道蝙蝠侠到底是谁，这里是部分不在整体之中，强调部分，except“除……之外”符合语境，故选A。
【27题详解】
句意：暴风女是《x战警》漫画中一位女性超级英雄的名字。观察句子，这里缺少一词修饰superhero，根据后文人称代词her可知是女性，female“女性的”符合语境，故选C。
【28题详解】
句意：暴风女之所以得名，是因为她具有控制天气的特殊能力。观察句子前后逻辑，应该是：之所以……是因为……，因果关系，because of“因为”符合语境，故选D。
Ⅲ. （2021年浦东新区一模）Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can be used only once.
| A. manage B. possibly C. necessary D. plate E. bin |
From shop to home-we can all make a difference
Food is something that is well grown for months before it arrives at our shops. Your food is at its best when it’s on your ____16____, ready to be enjoyed. It’s perfect in your fridge, ready to be used. It’s at its worst when it’s in your ____17____.
And yet in England people waste 6.5 million tons of food every year. 2/3 of them is eatable. We are not talking about egg shells or chicken bones. We mean the last few bites that you couldn’t ___18___ completely. It’s a lot, but we have the power to improve this situation.
Saving food means saving money, but look at a bigger picture. Reducing food waste is ____19____ for the planet as it helps slow down global warming. Sadly, the UK is the third largest releasers of greenhouse gases in the world.
| A. ask for B. simple C. change D. extra E. go in for |
The average family of four can save just over £60 per month by reducing their food waste. No matter you are doing the food shop or ordering a meal at a restaurant, every decision is an opportunity to save food from waste. If you don’t want a side salad, ___21___ your meal without it. If you won’t make good use of the ___22___ parts of food, don’t be attracted by it. And if you can’t finish your meal, get a takeaway bag! Food is made to be loved, so that’s what we should do.
We believe that every person has a role to play in saving food. The time is now, and the answer is ___23___: Love food, hate waste. We’ll help you every step of the way.
【答案】16. D 17. E
18. A 19. C
20. C 21. A
22. D 23. B
【解析】
两篇短文阐述了食物的浪费现状，告诫我们要身体力行地节约食物，杜绝浪费。
【16题详解】
句意：当你的食物放在盘子里，准备享用时，你的食物是最好的。空前your“你的”为形容词性物主代词，故空格处应为名词；结合下文“ready to be enjoyed”可知，食物在盘子中，人们准备享用时是最好的，故plate“盘子”符合语境。故选D。
【17题详解】
句意：当它在你的垃圾箱里的时候是最糟糕的。空前your“你的”为形容词性物主代词，故空格处应为名词；结合上文“Your food is at its best when it’s on your plate , ready to be enjoyed. It’s perfect in your fridge, ready to be used.”可知，当食物有利用价值时是最好的，故可知当食物出现在你的垃圾箱时是最糟糕的；故bin“垃圾箱”符合语境。故选E。
【18题详解】
句意：我们指的是最后几口你无法完全控制的东西。由“We mean the last few bites that you couldn’t…”可知，情态动词couldn’t后应接动词，故只有manage“控制”符合语境。故选A。
【19题详解】
句意：减少食物浪费对地球是必要的，因为它有助于减缓全球变暖。由“Reducing food waste is…for the planet”可知，此处缺少表语；减少食物浪费对地球是必要的，故necessary“必要的”符合语境。故选C。
【20题详解】
句意：想象一下，如果我们都做出改变，我们能取得什么成就。空前a修饰可数名词单数，故空格处应为单数名词；故change“改变”符合语境；make a change“做出改变”。故选C。
【21题详解】
句意：如果你不想要一份沙拉，那就请不要吃。由“If you don’t want a side salad”可知，如果不想吃沙拉，那就不要点沙拉；故ask for“请求，要求”符合语境。故选A。
【22题详解】
句意：如果你不能充分利用食物的额外部分，不要被它所吸引。由“If you won’t make good use of the…parts of food…”可知，本文阐述不要浪费食物，故此处指如果不能全部吃完额外的食物……，故用形容词extra“额外的”作定语修饰parts of food。故选D。
【23题详解】
句意：现在是时候了，答案很简单：爱食物，恨浪费。由“The time is now, and the answer is…”可知，此处缺少表语；形容词simple“简单的”符合语境，即答案很简单……。故选B。
III.（2021年奉贤一模） Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）
| A. advantage B. prefer C. choose D. opportunity E. offer |
Firstly, there is a lot of variety in reality TV. People at home can ___16___ which types of programme they want to watch, depending on what they are interested in. Some people like watching talent shows or cooking competitions while others ___17___ watching programmes about building houses or traveling around the world. In addition, reality TV programmes are a great ___18___ to discover talented singers, dancers or chefs. Many people who take part in these programmes get jobs as a result of being on TV. Another ___19___ is that the guests on these shows have interesting experiences and meet new people.
| A. dangerous B. follow C. successful D. winner E. break |
To sum up, I think that reality TV is generally good entertainment. There is a lot of variety which means there is generally something for everyone to enjoy.
【答案】16. C 17. B
18. D 19. A
20. C 21. A
22. D 23. B
【解析】
本文介绍了真人秀节目的优点和缺点。
16题详解】
句意：人们在家可以选择他们想看的节目类型，这取决于他们感兴趣的内容。根据“which types of programme they want to watch”及“depending on what they are interested in”，可知，根据兴趣来选择想看的节目类型，choose“选择”符合语境，情态动词can后接动词原形，故选C。
【17题详解】
句意：一些人喜欢看选秀节目或烹饪比赛，而另一些人更喜欢看关于建造房子或环游世界的节目。根据“Some people like watching talent shows or cooking competitions”及“while”此处应是介绍另一些人更喜欢观看其他类型的节目，prefer“更喜欢”符合语境，故选B。
【18题详解】
句意：此外，电视真人秀节目是发现有才华的歌手、舞者或厨师的好机会。根据“reality TV programmes are a great … to discover talented singers, dancers or chefs”可知，真人秀节目是发现这些有才华人的好机会，opportunity“机会”符合语境，故选D。
【19题详解】
句意：另一个好处是，这些节目的嘉宾有有趣的经历和认识新朋友。前文都在介绍真人秀节目的好处，所以这是在介绍另一个好处就是认识新朋友，advantage“好处”符合语境，故选A。
【20题详解】
句意：然而，大多数成功的歌手、演员或厨师一生都在努力工作。根据“some people think that reality TV is an easy way for them to become famous”，可知，此处介绍这些成功的人其实一直都在努力，successful“成功的”符合语境，故选C。
【21题详解】
句意：有时节目上的人不得不做一些非常困难或危险的事情。or连接并列形容词，根据“Sometimes the people on the shows have to do really difficult”可知，有时参加节目的人也会做一些有难度或危险的事情，dangerous“危险的”符合语境，故选A。
【22题详解】
句意：比赛非常艰难，只有一个赢家。此空为单数名词，根据“there is only one”及选词，通常比赛只有一个赢家，winner“赢家”符合语境，故选D。
【23题详解】
句意：另一个缺点是有些节目总是遵循同样的模式。此空为谓语动词，根据“Watching them might start to be boring after a while”，可知，节目总是遵循同样的模式所以看了一段时间就会感到无聊，follow“遵循”符合语境，故选B。
III .（2021年金山一模）Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can be used only once. (将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填词，每词只能填-次。)
| A. regularly B. local C. at work D. really E. set up |
One day, I was in a discussion ___17___ with Mike. Mike was an experienced model designer in our factory. He was not a member of my team, but his team and mine worked with each other ___18___ We were discussing how to ___19___ a model for a new machine. I listed some work that Mike needed to do.
“Mike, can you get this done in two days? It's not much work.”
“I don't care to do that, Laural!”
| A.surprised B. turned off C. turned out D. problem E. continue |
“Mike, we need to get this done, or else we can't ___21___ ! Can you please get this done?”
Mike raised his head to look at me. “Yeah, I've told you already--- I don't care to do that!”
By this moment, I had been quite angry. “Hey, do we need to go to your boss for this?”
“What’s the ___22___ I’ve told you twice that I don’t care to do it. I will have it done by this afternoon!”
“Hmm?” I was puzzled.
It ___23___ that in West Tennessee, the phrase “I don’t care to do something” means “I don’t mind doing something.” So Mike was agreeing with me all the time!
【答案】16. B 17. C
18. A 19. E
20. A 21. E
22. D 23. C
【解析】
本文主要讲述了作者刚到田纳西州工作时，因语言文化差异在工作中闹出的一个小误会。
【16题详解】
句意：然而，我花了几个月的时间才习惯了当地的语言。此处应填形容词作定语；根据“Three years ago, my husband and I moved to Tennessee,U.S.A,”结合语境可知，此处表示习惯当地的语言，备选词汇“ local 当地的”符合语境。故选B。
【17题详解】
句意：有一天，我和迈克在工作中讨论。根据“Mike was an experienced model designer in our factory. He was not a member of my team, but his team and mine worked with each other...”可知，该讨论与工作有关，备选词汇“at work在工作”符合语境。故选C。
【18题详解】
句意：他不是我团队的成员，但他的团队和我的团队经常合作。分析句子，此处应填副词修饰动词worked，备选词汇“regularly经常”符合语境，表示两个团队经常合作。故选A。
【19题详解】
句意：我们正在讨论如何为一台新机器建立一个模型。how是疑问词，后跟动词不定式，空前有to，所以空出用动词原形，备选词汇“set up建立”是动词短语，且符合语境。故选E。
【20题详解】
句意：我对这个答案感到惊讶。be surprised by“对……感到惊讶”，固定短语，且符合语境。故选A。
【21题详解】
句意：迈克，我们得把这件事搞定，否则我们没法继续了。情态动词can't后跟动词原形；根据“We had been discussing the next steps, and here was Mike just pulling out”可推断，迈克不干的话，他们的工作就无法继续，备选词汇“continue继续”符合语境。故选E。
【22题详解】
句意：有什么问题？根据上文“I had been quite angry. “Hey, do we need to go to your boss for this?”和“I will have it done by this afternoon!”可知，迈克已经答应做这个事情，但是作者却很生气，所以迈克是问怎么了，有什么问题。备选词汇“problem问题”符合语境。故选D。
【23题详解】
句意：原来在西田纳西州，该短语“I don 't care to do something”的意思是“我不介意做某事”。根据“So Mike was agreeing with me all the time!”可知，此处是给出最终的解释，备选词汇“turned out 结果是”符合语境。故选C。
III. （2021年崇明一模）Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can only be used once（将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）
| A. memory B. travelling C. beautiful D. scientist E. experiment |
Henkel is surprised by how much people depend on pictures for their ___19___. These days people take pictures before dinner, during friend's birthday parties, and so on. They believe taking picture will help them remember the moment. However, according to Henkel's research, the opposite is true.
| A. pretend B. rarely C. prevent D. review E. carefully |
Henkel explains that when people rely on their cameras, they ___21___ pay attention to the every themselves. As a result, they often fail to remember their experiences well.
So taking pictures may ___22___ our brain from remembering things and places. But should looking over the pictures wake up our memories? Henkel says this is true. However, it happens only we spend enough time doing it.
"In order to remember, we have to ___23___ the photo carefully." Henkel says. Unfortunan most people never take the time to look over their digital pictures. Why? There are just too many them!
【答案】16. D 17. B
18. C 19. A
20. E 21. B
22. C 23. D
【解析】
文章介绍了Henkel关于拍照和回忆之间的关系发表自己的观点。
【16题详解】
句意：几年前，美国科学家琳达·汉克尔在大峡谷旅行。根据“However, according to Henkel's research, the opposite is true.”可知，她是一名科学家，故选D。
【17题详解】
句意：她一边回忆一边分享自己的旅行经历。根据“was travelling at the Great Canyon. "When I was at the canyon's edge, someone came to the front, took a picture and walked away," she recalls”可知，此处说的是分享她的旅途经历，故选B。
【18题详解】
句意：他甚至没有看那里美丽的景色！根据“When I was at the canyon's edge, someone came to the front, took a picture and walked away”可知，此处说的是没有看美丽的风景，空格修饰其后的名词，表示“美丽的”，故选C。
【19题详解】
句意：Henkel对人们如此依赖图片来记忆感到惊讶。根据“They believe taking picture will help them remember the moment.”可知，此处说的是依靠照片来记忆，故选A。
【20题详解】
句意：她让他们仔细看了15件展品，然后拍了另外15件。根据“She asked them to look 15 exhibits”以及“The next day, she tested the student's memory of the tour. She found that the students remembered fewer details about the exhibits they had photographed.”可知，此处应该指的是仔细地看展品，空格修饰动词，故用副词，故选E。
【21题详解】
句意：汉高解释说，当人们依赖他们的相机时，他们很少注意到展品本身。根据“She found that the students remembered fewer details about the exhibits they had photographed.”可知，此处表达的是不会注意到展品本身，此处应用否定词，故选B。
【22题详解】
句意：所以拍照可能会阻止我们的大脑记住事物和地点。根据“Henkel explains that when people rely on their cameras, they…pay attention to the every themselves. As a result, they often fail to remember their experiences well.”可知，此处表达的是阻止大脑记住……，英语是prevent sb from doing，故选C。
【23题详解】
句意：为了记住，我们必须仔细回顾照片。根据“In order to remember”可知，此处表达是为了记住，就要回顾照片，空格表达的是回顾，故选D。
Ⅲ. （2021年黄浦一模）Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once (将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词, 每词或词组只能填一次)
(A)
| A. record B. wild C. damaged D. escape E. safety |
The first blazes started in August. It is common for fires to happen in ____43____ and rural areas at this time of year in the US. It is known as "fire season" and happens between June and September. However, this year's wildfires are some of the worst on ____44____. Three of the blazes in California are now among the biggest in the state's history. Once they started, strong winds caused the flames to spread quickly.
| A. including B. fuel C. create D. reach E. accidentally |
【答案】41. C 42. E
43. B 44. A
45. E 46. A
47. D 48. B
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了加州的很多地区发生了多起野外大火，大火严重影响了人们的生活，同时，文章还分析了引起火灾的几个原因。
【41题详解】
句意：美国西海岸的加州、俄勒冈州和华盛顿州的大部分地区都遭到了严重破坏。空格处缺少动词作谓语；根据下文“Thousands of homes have been destroyed and more than 100,000 people have had to leave their homes”可知，因为大火，人们的家园被毁，生活受到了影响，故这些地方遭到了严重的破坏，所以空格处的意思是破坏，损毁。damaged “破坏，损毁”。故选C。
【42题详解】
句意：成千上万的房屋被毁，十多万人不得不离开家园避难。根据“Thousands of homes have been destroyed”可知，这些人的家园被毁，生命安全受到威胁，所以不得不为了安全而离开，safety “安全”。故选E。
【43题详解】
句意：在美国，每年的这个时候，在野外和农村地区发生火灾是很常见的。根据“rural areas”可知，介词in后缺少名词作地点状语，根据上文“Search and rescue operations are underway in the US to help people affected by dozens of huge wildfires.”可知，大火经常发生在野外，wild“野外的”。故选B。
【44题详解】
句意：然而，今年的野外大火是有记录以来最严重的火灾之一。根据下文“Three of the blazes in California are now among the biggest in the state's history.”可知，加州的这些大火是这个州历史上最大的大火，故指今年的野火是有记录来最严重的火灾；record “记录”。故选A。
【45题详解】
句意：有些是人们意外造成的。空格处缺少副词修饰动词started，选项中属于副词的是accidentally “意外地”。根据语境指有些大火是人们意外所造成的，故选E。
【46题详解】
句意：气候变化是世界气候模式的长期变化，包括气温上升。根据语境可知，气候变化包括温度上升，故空格处的意思是包括，包含；including “包括”。故选A。
【47题详解】
句意：这个月，加州的热浪使得洛杉矶县的气温达到了49度。根据上文“California has experienced drought (a long period of time without rain) and very hot temperatures.”可知，加州历经了高温，热浪使得洛杉矶县的温度达到了49度，故空格处的意思是达到，reach “达到”。故选D。
【48题详解】
句意：可以燃烧的燃料更少。空格处缺少名词作主语，选项中是名词的是fuel “燃料”；根据上文“This involves burning dead trees in a controlled way so that when a fire does start,”可知，如果有控制地焚烧枯木的话，当火灾发生时，这样可以燃烧的燃料就更少了。故选B。
(B)
| A. including B. fuel C. create D. reach E. accidentally |
【答案】49. E 50. A
51. D 52. B
【解析】
文章重点分析了美国加州大火燃烧的原因。
【49题详解】
句意：有些是由人意外引起的，还有一些是由雷击或电气设备引起的。此句应用副词修饰动词“started”，选项中只有accidentally为副词，意为“意外地”，故选E。
【50题详解】
句意：气候变化是世界气候模式的长期变化，包括气温上升。后面提到了加州天气的干旱和高温，所以这种变化也包括气温上升。including包括，介词，故选A。
【51题详解】
句意：这个月，加州的热浪使得洛杉矶县的气温达到了49℃。由句子结构可知，句中缺少谓语动词。由句中“49℃”可知，应该是说温度达到49℃。reach达到，及物动词，see...do sth.看见……做某事，故填原形，故选D。
【52题详解】
句意：这包括以一种有控制的方式燃烧死去的树木，这样当火灾发生时，可以燃烧的燃料更少，也更容易控制。由句中动词“burn”可知，这里说的是燃烧燃料。fuel燃料，不可数名词，故选B。
Ⅲ. （2021年青浦一模）Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can be used only once.（将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词, 每词只能填一次。）
| A. responses B. invitations C. received D. stay longer E. unusual |
Several months later, the tourism officials in Queensland ____34____ 35,000 applications from people all over the world. They chose 15 top applicants and invited them to Australia. The interview was ____35____: four days of swimming, diving, and writing blogs about the experience. In the end, they chose the best applicant: Ben Southall.
| A. adventures B. local C. explored D. recently E. such as |
It wasn't all fun, however. Australia is home to many poisonous animals ____38____ snakes, spiders and fish. For most of the time, Southall managed to avoid all of them. However, in the last week, his luck came to an end. A poisonous jellyfish stung him. Luckily, he recovered and was able to finish his work.
Southall was under a lot of pressure to write about all his ____39____. He had to post videos and photos every day, Luckily, these videos attracted more people to the islands.
【答案】32. D 33. A
34. C 35. E
36. C 37. B
38. E 39. A
【解析】
文章主要介绍为了让游客们在游览澳大利亚海岸附近美丽的岛屿的时候，能够停留更长的时间，旅游决定雇一个人住在岛上，写下这个地区的情况。以及介绍了被雇佣的这个人的具体的面试以及工作情况。
【32题详解】
句意：旅游希望更多的人能在岛上停留更长的时间，所以他们决定雇一个人住在岛上，写下这个地区的情况。根据“However, most visitors just visit for a day.”以及“so they decided to hire a person to live on the islands and write about the area.”可知，此处说的是们想要游客停留更长的时间，结合选项，D选项符合，故选D。
【33题详解】
句意：他们在自己的网站上发布了这份工作，并等待回复。根据“They posted the job on their website and waited for”可知，此处说的是招聘信息发布之后，应该是要等待求职人员的回复，结合所给选项，A选项符合，故选A。
【34题详解】
句意：几个月后，昆士兰州的旅游收到了来自世界各地的35000份申请。根据“35,000 applications from people all over the world”可知，此处说的是发布的招聘信息收到了很多的申请，结合选项可知，C选项符合，故选C。
【35题详解】
句意：这次面试非同寻常：四天的游泳、跳水，以及写博客讲述这段经历。根据“four days of swimming, diving, and writing blogs about the experience.”可知，这次的面试是不同于以往的工作面试，结合所给选项，E选项符合，故选E。
【36题详解】
句意：从上班的第一天到下班的最后一天，他一直在岛上探险。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少的谓语动词，结合所给的选项以及下文描述可知，此处表达的是“探险”，故选C。
【37题详解】
句意：他参观了当地的酒店，在所有最好的餐馆吃饭。空格在句中作定语，修饰其后的名词“hotels”，所以用形容词，结合所给选项可知，B选项“当地的”符合语境，故选B。
【38题详解】
句意：澳大利亚是许多有毒动物的家园，如蛇、蜘蛛和鱼。分析句子可知，“snakes, spiders and fish”是对“poisonous animals”的进一步举例说明，所以此处表达的是“比如”，故选E。
【39题详解】
句意：索瑟尔承受着很大的压力，要写他所有的冒险经历。根据“From his first day at work to his last, he…the islands.”以及文章的描述可知，这都是他的冒险的经历，结合所给选项可知，A选项符合语境，故选A。
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