中考英语同义句转换专项指导练习45

总所周知，语言是思想、情感交流的载体。相同的意思有时可以用不同的方式表达。了解并学会多种表达法，能更好地适应交际的需要。同义句转换也是中考常考题型。此类题型考生失分较大。现归纳以下解题方法与思路。

一、运用同义词或同义词组

e.g. 1.I got a letter from my brother last weekend.

=I heard from my brother last weekend.

2.His little sister could dress herself when she was three years old.

=His little sister was able to dress herself at the age of three.

这类题目首先要注意比较上下两句，找出需要改动的地方，运用同义词或同义词组进行转换。还要注意把握两句的时态、数的单复和主谓一致等。

Exercises:

1.A.The children are having a good time in the park now.

B.The children are______________________in the park_____________________________.

2.A.He spent thirty minutes in finishing his homework.My God.

B.______________him__________________________________finish his homework.

3.A.Very soon the baby started crying.

B.In___________________the baby_________________cry.

4.A.What do you think of the movie you saw last week?

B.___________do you__________the movie you saw last week?

5.A.There is only an old chair in the room.

B.There’s___________________an old chair in the room.

6.A.What’s the matter with you,young man?

B.What’s_________with you,young man?

7.A.Did you have any problems in working out the math problem?

B.Did you have______________in_____________the math problem?

8.A.He’ll come to my birthday soon after he finishes his project.

B.He’ll come to my birthday____________________________his project is finished.

二、运用反义词或反义词组

e.g. 1.She failed the English exam last time.

=She didn’t pass the English exam last time.

2.His house is near the school.

=His house isn’t far from the school.

=His house is close to the school.

这类题目可以否定句中的动词或形容词，是两句意思相符。仍然要注意动词时态一致。

Exercise:

9.A.I don’t think the pig is beautiful.

B.__________________________,the pig is__________.

10..A.All of the questions are easy.

B.______________________the questions is_________________.

11..A.They didn’t find anything under the desk..

B.They_________________________under the desk.三、动词短语转换成介词短语

e.g.1.Yesterday Mr.King went to New York by air.

=Mr.King flew to New York yesterday.

此类题目关键就是使用恰当的介词短语，还要注意动词时态一致。

Exercises:

12..A.Helen always goes to school on foot.

B.Helen always______________________school.

13.A.Tom used a brush to clean his shoes.

B.Tom________his shoes____________a brush.

14.A.Manuel usually goes to work by subway,sometimes he rides his motorcycle.

B.Manuel usually________the subway to work,but at times he goes to work______motorbike.

四、单句转换成复句，或者复句转换成单句

e.g.1.She found him a very clever student.

=She found that he was a pretty clever student.

2.The gate is quite wide.Two cars can go through it at the same time.

=The gate is so wide that two cars can go through it together.

此类题目需要熟悉一些重要的句型和短语。例如：too…to…;so…that…;not…until…等。还要注意了解相关转换类型，如：without短语与if/unless条件状语从句的转换；enough to…与so…that…的转换；too…to…,not…enough to…,so…that…not…的相互转换等。

Exercises:

15.A.Mrs Green doesn’t like traveling by plane at all,I think.

B.I____________think Mrs.Green___________traveling a lot.

16.A.The boy is too young to go to school.

B.The boy is__________young________he__________do to school.

C.The boy isn’t____________________________go to school.

17.A.Fish can’t live if there’s no water.

B.Fish can’t live____________________water.

C.Fish can’t live__________there_______water.

18.A.He seemed tired last night.

B.___________________that_______was tired last night.

19.A.The book is so difficult that none of us ca read it.

B.The book is________difficult_________us________read.

C The book_________________________for us to read.

20.A.I can’t finish the work on time if you don’t help me.

B.I can’t finish the work on time________________________________.

C.I can’t finish the work on time_________you________me_________________.

21.A.I think it easy to work out the physic problem.

B.I think I_______work out the physic problem_____________.

C.________easy________me_______work out the physic problem.

五、同一单词的不同词性相互转换

e.g..He promised to help us.

=He made a promise to help us.此类题目要求学生在记单词的时候要理解它们的词性。功在平时，博闻强识。

Exercise：

22.A.Jim didn’t come to school because he was ill.

B.Jim didn’t come to school____________________his____________.

23A.Mike decided to try to learn English well.

B Mike___________a__________to try to learn English well.

24.A.Let’s discuss it together,OK?

B.__________you please___________a____________with us?

25.A.He is a successful actor.

B.He_____________in__________.

26.A.What he said surprised us.

B.We_______________________________his words.

27.A.The story interested them a lot.

B.The story____________them very_____________.

六、并列复合连词连接或改写原句

e.g..Maria has been to Shanghai,so has Kate.

=Both Maria and Kate have been to Shanghai.

此类题目特别要注意时态的一致，主语和谓语在数上的一致。还要对象一些短语比较熟悉，例如：either…or…, both…and….,neither…nor…;not only…but also…。还有一些句型，例如：So+动词+主语；…,too.等。Exercises:

28.A.She can’t answer the question,neither can I.

B._____________she____________I_________answer the question.

C._______________________us_________answer the question.

D.She can’t answer the question,and I can’t,_____________.

29.A.Grace went to bed after she finished doing her homework.

B.Grace_____________________to bed___________she finished her homework.

30.A.Lucy went to the cinema,John went to the cinema,too.

B.__________________Lucy____________________John went to the cinema.

31.A.You can go there by ship or you may go there by plane.

B.You may go there_________by ship__________by plane.

32.A.In the place one can’t stand up and one can’t lie down either.

B.In the place one_____________________stand up____________lie down.

七、主动语态与被动语态的转换

e.g.Father made his children work hard every day.

=The children were made to work hard every day.

此类题目要注意时态的一致，主语和谓语在数上的一致，短语的完整性。特别注意有些主动语态中生的省to不定时改为被动语态后要还原不定时符号to.

Exercises：

33.A.The student were asked to finished their homework in class by the teacher.

B.The teacher____________________________finish their homework in class.

34.A.We must look after old people well.

B.Old people______________________________________well.

35.A.People built this bridge1500years ago.B.This bridge____________________1500years ago.

36.A.People grow rice in southern China.

B.Rice__________________in southern China.

37.A.A large number of people speak English in the world.

B.English______________________________many people in the world.

八、动作动词与状态动词的相互转换

e.g.I borrowed this book from the school library three weeks ago.

=I have kept this library book for three weeks.

此类题目既要要求对一些动作动词（常是瞬间动词）相关的状态动词（常是非延续动词）很熟悉，还要注意时态的变化，通常是一般现在时变为现在完成时。特别注意瞬间动词不能与表示一段的时间状语联用；有些句子在变化时主语要作一定的调整。

Exercises:

38.A.The young man has been in the army for four years.

B.The young man___________the army four years_________.

C.__________two years___________the young man________the army.

39.A.His uncle bought the new house two and a half years ago.

B.His uncle_____________________the new house for________________and_______________.

40.A.It’s about ten minutes since he left the room.

B.He________the room ten minutes__________.

C.He________________________________________the room for about ten minutes.

41.A.I closed the window two minutes ago.

B.The window_________________________________for two minutes.

42.A.He became an English teacher15years ago.

B.He____________________an English__________15years ago.

C.He____________________English for15years.

D.It____________________15years____________he started teaching English15years ago.

九、宾语从句与动词不定式之间的转换

e.g.Please tell me how I can get to the nearest post office.

=Could you tell me how to get to the nearest post office?

此类题目要求学生明白疑问词与动词不定时连用的含义，构成不定时结构如：

how to…,when to…,what to…,where to…等。还要注意一些含动词不定式的短语，

如：ask sb.(not)to do sth.,tell sb.(not)to do sth.等。

Exercises:

43.A.Our teacher told him that he shouldn’t be late the next time.

B.Our teacher told him_____________________________late the next time.

44A.They are thinking of what they should do next.

B.They are thinking of_______________________________next.

45.A.Can you let me know when they will start?

B.Could you please tell me_______________________________?

46A.They piled the snow in one place so that they could make a snowman.

B.They piled the snow in one place__________________________make a snowman.

十、直接引语和间接引语间的转换e.g. 1.“Listen carefully,Jack.”Said the Math teacher.

=The math teacher___________Jack____________________carefully.

2.“What does your feather do?”Mrs.Yang asked.

=Mrs.Yang asked him____________________father___________.

此类题目要注意陈述语序和疑问语序间的转换、时态的变化、人称代词的变化、物主代词的变化，以及一些时间、地点甚至指示代词的变化。

Exercises:

47.A.“Don’t look out of the window,Lin Xiang.”Mr.Wu said angrily.

B.Mr.Wu__________Lin Xiang_____________________look out of the window.

48.A.“What are you doing here in the classroom?”he asked.

B.He asked me_________________________________________________in the classroom.

49.A.“The sun is much bigger than the earth.”Mother told me.

B.Mother told me________the sun___________much bigger than the earth.

50.A.“What are you doing now?father asked.

B.Father asked her what___________________________________.

51.A.“Do you like English best?”our Chinese teacher asked.

B.Our Chinese teacher asks Julie__________________________English best.

十一、含形容词的短语和含副词的短语间的转换

e.g.The rain was heavy last night.

=It rained heavily last night.

此类题目关键就是理解句子含义，灵活地运用相关的不同词性的词或短语。

Exercises:

52.A.Bruce has breakfast quickly and then goes to school.

B.Bruce has____________________breakfast and then he goes to school.

53.A.The wind is very strong outside.

B.It is_____________________________outside.

54.A.The problems are easy for him to work out.

B.He can work out the problems___________.

十二、陈述句与感叹句及两种形式感叹句间的转换

e.g.The boy drew a very beautiful flower.

=How beautiful a flower the boy drew1

=What a beautiful flower the boy drew!

此类题目要求学生能够完全掌握what和how引导的感叹句的构成，并能灵活运用。

Exercises:

55.A.What a strong wind it is!

B._______________________the wind_____________________!

56.A.How interesting the English lesson is!

B._____________-__________interesting English lesson it is!

57.A.She is quite a clever girl.

B.____________________the girl is!

C.__________-_________________girl she is!

十三、形容词、副词三种等级之间的转换e.g.Henry is taller than the other students in our class.

=Henry is the tallest student in our class.

此类题目需要学生能够熟悉形容词、副词的构成规律，能够灵活运用一些有关形容词和副词比较等级的句型结构，如：（1）more and more…,（2）the+比较级+of the two…;（3）The+比较级…,the+(另一词)比较级…。特别要清楚表示最高级范围的结构，如：（1）in+组织/单位，（2）of+与主语同类别的人或物。表示排除主语的结构，如：（10）the other+名词复数；（2）any other+名词单数。表示相同性质比较的结构，as+形容词/副词（原级）+as;not as/so…as….。解题时注意交换句子主语，用反义词进行改写；或者用比较级表示最高级含义。Exercises:

58.A.He is the best at English of all the students in his class.

B.________________________is___________at English than he.

59.A.Joe is shorter than any other student in his class.

B.Joe is__________________________________all the students in the class.

C.______________else is taller than Joe in the class.

D._____________else is_______short_________Joe in the class.

60.A.Tiger Woods plays golf best of all the three golfers.

B.Tiger Woods plays golf_____________________________________________golfers.

61.A.The sun is much bigger than the earth.

B.The earth is much__________than the sun.

62.A.Light travels faster than sound.

B.Sound travels_____________________than light.

C.Sound__________travel____________________________light.

63.A.English is more popular than French.

B.French is_____________________than English

.A.The Changjiang River is the longest of all the rivers in China.

B.The Changjinag River is_________than____________________river in China.

65.This story isn’t as interesting as that one.

B.This story is__________interesting than that one.

C.That story is__________interesting than this story.

十四、“祈使句+and/or…”结构与if条件状语从句间的转换

e.g.If you run a little faster,you’ll catch up with your classmates.

=Run faster,and you’ll catch up with your classmates.

此类题目要注意句子的肯定与否定，正确使用and和or。

Exercises:

66.A.Hurry up,or you’ll be late for school.

B._______you_________hurry up,you won’t get to school_________________.

67.A.Be more careful,and you can get better grades next time.

B._______you_________more careful,you can get better grades next time.

十五、形式主语/宾语it和不定式主语/宾语及从句、动名词间的转换

e.g.Talking to you is nice.

=It’s nice talking to you.

Exercises:

68.A.To learn English well is not easy.

B.__________________easy_________learn English well.

69.A.That he didn’t come worries us all.

B._______worries all of us_________he didn’t come

十六、其它形式

e.g.What’s wrong with your mother?

=What’s the matter with your mother?

Exercises:

70.A.What subject do you like best?

B.___________your____________subject?

71.A.What does his uncle do?

B.___________his uncle?

C.What’s his________________________?

72.A.Cab I help you?

B.________can I__________________you?

73.A.How many people are there in the country?

B.______________the______________of the country?

74.A.What the meaning of this word、

B.What does this word___________?

75.A.Ted has so much money that he can buy a very big house.

B.Ted________________________________buy a very big house.

C.Ted________________________buy a big house.

当然，这里只是对同义句转换题作一个方法上的讨论，以期起到“抛砖引玉”的作用。要真正能够做对这类题型，还要同学们在平时下苦功夫，多研究，多总结，多记忆。

附答案：

1.having,fun/enjoying,themselves;at,the,moment

2.It,took,half,an,hour,to;

3.no time,began/started,to;

4.How,like;

5.nothing,but

6.wrong;

7.difficulty,solving;8.as soon,as;9.In,my,opinion,ugly;10.None,of,difficult;11.found,nothing;

12.walks,to13.cleaned,with;14.takes,by;15.don’t,likes;16.so,that,can’t;old,enough,to;

17.without,any;18.It,seemed,he;

19.too,for,to,isn’t,easy,enough;20.without,your,help,unless,give,a,hand;

21.can,easily,It’s,for,to;22.because,of,illness;23.made,decision;

24.Could,have,discussion;25.succeeds,acting;26.were,surprised,at;

27.made,interested;28.Neither,nor,can,Neither,of,can;either;

29.didn’t,go,until/before;30.Not,only,but,also;31.either,or;32.can,neither,nor;33.asked,them,to;

34.must,be,looked,after;35.was,built;36.is,grown;37.is,spoken;38.joined,ago;It’s,since,joined;

39.has,had,two,years,a,half;

40.left,ago,has,been,away,from;41.has,been,closed;42.has,been,since;has,taught;

has,been,since;43.not,to,be;44.what,to,do;45.when,to,start;

46.in,order,to/so,as,to;47.asked,not,to;48.what,I,was,doing,there;49.that,is;50.she,was,doing,then;

51.if/wether,she,likes;52.a,quick;53.blowing,strongly;54.easily;55.How,strongly,is,blowing;

56.What,an,57.How,clever;What,a,clever;58.Nobody,else,better59.the,shortest,of; Everyone/Everybody,Nobody,as/so,as;60.better,than,the,other,two;61.smaller;62.more,slowly; doesn’t,as/so,fast,as;63.less,popular;.longer,any,other;65.less;more;66.If,don’t,on,time;67.If,are,68.It,isn’t/It’s, not,to;69.It,that;70.What’s,favorite;71.What’s,uncle’s,job;72.What,do,for;73.What’s population;

74.mean;75.is,rich,enough,to;can,afford,to