
一、教育
1.学校教育
教学内容
1)Some people think that teachers should be responsible for teaching students how to judge right and wrong and how to behave well. Some say that teachers should only teach students about academic subjects. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
2)Schools should emphasize more on academic issues, which is more important for the future job, rather than sports and music. What is your opinion?
3)Some people think universities should provide knowledge and skills related to students’ future career; others think the true function of university is to give access to knowledge for its own sake. What’s your opinion of the main function of university?
4)In some countries, secondary schools aim to provide a general education across a wide range of subjects, while in others, children focus on a narrow range of subjects related to particular careers. Which education system according to your opinion is more appropriate for today’s world?
5)Many people believe that the main aim for university education is to help graduates to find better jobs, while some people believe that university education has wider benefits for individuals and society. Discuss both view and give your opinion.
6)Some people think the main purpose of schools is to turn the children into good citizens and workers, rather than to benefit them as individuals. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
7)Some people think a sense of competition in children should be encouraged. Others believe that children who are taught to co-operate rather than compete become more useful adults. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
8)Some people think secondary students should study international news as a school subject, but some people argue that it is wasting children’s school time. What’s your opinion?
9)Some consider that history is little or no use to us. Others believe that studying history helps us to know the present. Discuss their views and give your own opinion.
教学形式
10)Some people think that school should put students in different classes according to their academic ability, while some others believe that students of different abilities should be educated together. Please discuss both views and then present your own opinion.
11)Some teachers argue that students learn more effectively when they study in groups while others believe it is better for them to study alone. What is your opinion?
12)Is it better for students to live at home with their parents or in school accommodations? Give your own opinion on the issue.
13)Some people think that it is beneficial for students to go to the private secondary school, but other people think that it can have a negative effect. Discuss the two points and give your own opinion.
教学方法
14)Memorization of information by frequent repetition (rote learning) plays a role in the modern education systems. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
教学中的问题
15)Pressure on the school and university students is increasing and students are pushed to work hard when they are young. Do you think it is a positive or negative development?
16)In many countries schools have severe problems with student behaviour. What do you think are the causes of this? What solutions can suggest?
师生关系
17)In order to improve the quality of education, high school students should be encouraged to evaluate and criticize their teachers, but others think it will result in loss of respect and discipline in classroom. Discuss both of them and give your opinion.
18)Some people think that children should not violate the rules set by teachers and parents, while others insist that the natural development might be better for their adult life. What is your opinion?
信息技术的影响
19)Computers do not help children to learn more effectively. On the country, the use of computers in schools has a negative effect on children's physical and mental development. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
20)In which areas of education do you think computers are more important and in which areas do you think teachers are more important? Discuss and explain why.
21)Lectures have been used to teach large number of students. Now as the advanced technologies are available for education, some people believe that technologies can replace lectures as the main way to teach large number of students. Do you agree or disagree?
教育年数
22)In countries where there is high unemployment most pupils should be offered only primary education; there is no point in offering secondary education to those who will have no hope of finding a job.
2.家庭教育
教育方法
1)It is important to tell children what is right or wrong at their earlier age. Punishment is good to tell the distinction between right and wrong. To what extent do you agree or disagree? How should parents and teachers punish children?
家庭环境
2)Children who are brought up in families which don't have large amounts of money are better prepared to deal with the problem of adult life than children brought up in wealthier families. Do you agree or disagree?
3)The position of women in society has changed markedly in the last twenty years. Many of the problems young people now experience, such as juvenile delinquency, arise from the fact that many married women now work and are not at home to care for their children. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
4)"Fatherhood ought to be emphasized as much as motherhood. The idea that women are solely responsible for deciding whether or not to have babies leads on to the idea that they are also responsible for bringing the children up.” To what extent do you agree or disagree?
教育责任
5)If a five-year-old commits a crime, should the parents be held responsible and punished? What is the age of the child do you think parents should not take the responsibility?
3.社会教育
义务劳动
1)Young adults should undertake unpaid work to help people in the community. Do you think it brings more drawbacks to the community and the young adults than benefits?
2)Some people believe that unpaid community works (eg. working in a charity organization; teaching sports to children) should become a compulsory part of high school curriculum. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
有偿劳动
3)In many countries children are engaged in some kind of paid work. Some people regard this as completely wrong, while others consider it as valuable work experience, important for learning and taking responsibility. What are your opinions on this?
工作旅行
4)In some countries young people are encouraged to work or travel for a year between finishing high school and starting university studies. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages for young people who decide to do this.
5)Some people believe that students who want to go to university after graduation from high school should have about one year’s time to get a job to obtain work experience or have a travel to enlarge their vision. Do you agree or disagree? What’s your opinion?
6)Some school leavers go to travel or work for a period of time instead of going directly to university. Discuss the disadvantages and the advantages for their studies.
4.就业
1)In many countries, more and more young people are leaving school and unable to find jobs after graduation. What problems do you think youth unemployment will cause to the individual and the society? Give reasons and make some suggestions.
2)Some people prefer to stay in the same job for the same company, but others prefer to change jobs frequently. You should use specific reasons to compare the advantages and disadvantages of both sides.
3)Some people prefer to spend their lives doing the same things and avoiding change. Others, however, think that change is always a good thing.Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
4)The frequent change of the world has often resulted in the change of people’s jobs and work life. Discuss what has caused this and give your suggestions on preparing people who are going to work in the future.
5)Nowadays, some employers think the academic qualities are more important than the life experiences and personal qualities when they choose employees. Why does this take place? And is this a negative or a positive development?
5.教育综合
教育的作用
1)Education is of very importance to the development of individuals and well-being of societies. What should education consist of to fulfill these functions?
2)Many scientists believe that now we can study the behavior of three-year-old child to see whether they will grow up to be criminals. To what extend do you think the criminal production of human nature and can we stop the children to grow up to be criminals?
3)Research indicates that the characteristics we are born with have much more influence on our personality and development than any experiences we may have in our life. Which do you consider to be the major influence?
学校教育VS社会教育
4)Some people believe that going to college is the best way to prepare for a successful future career; others think that people should go directly to work after leaving school and earn their experiences in business. Discuss both views and present your own opinion.
教育成本
5)Higher education can be funded by several ways such as the following:1. All costs paid by the government; 2. All costs paid by the students;3. All costs paid by the government loan which students have to pay back after graduation.Please discuss both the advantages and disadvantages of all these three theories above and decide which the best is.
6)It is right that college graduates earn higher salaries than the less well-educated in the community. But they should also pay the full cost of their study. Do you agree or disagree?
7)Some people think that government should pay course fees for those who want to go to university. Do you agree or disagree?
教育平等
8)Universities should accept equal numbers of males and females study in every subject. Do you agree or disagree?
二、全球化
1.综合
1)Some people think that increasing business and cultural contacts have a positive influence, and others think that it has a negative effect to national identities. What is your opinion?
2)Differences between countries are becoming less evident nowadays. People tend to have the same films, music, brands, TV channels, etc. To what extent do you think the disadvantages outweigh the advantages?
2.文化全球化
1)In many countries, traditional food is being replaced by international fast food. This is having a negative effect on both families and societies. To what extend do you agree or disagree?
3.国际贸易
1)The international trade has made many goods transport to other countries, such as daily necessities. Such goods are usually transported a long distance. Do you think if its benefits outweigh the drawbacks?
2)In some countries, people are possible to have a wide variety of foods have been transported from all over the world. To what extent the benefits of this development outweigh the drawbacks.
4.旅游业
1)Do the problems brought by international travel outweigh the advantages?
2)An increasing number of developing countries are expanding their tourist industry. Why do you think it is the case? And do you think it is positive?
3)Some people think visitors to others countries should imitated local custom and behaviors. Some people disagree; they think the host country should welcome culture different. Discuss the two views, and give your own opinion.
4)Some believes that cultural traditions will be destroyed by the money-making attractions aimed at tourists. Others think it is the only way to save these cultural traditions. Discuss both views and show your own opinion.
5)International tourism becomes the biggest industry, but it creates tension than understanding between people from different cultures. What is your opinion?
5.国际关系
1)Some people say that giving aid to poor countries has more negative effects than positive effects. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
2)Improvements in health, education and trade are essential for the development of poorer nations. However, the governments of richer nations should take more responsibility for helping the poorer nations in such areas. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
3)Improvements in health, education and trade are essential for the development of poorer nations. However, the governments of richer nations should take more responsibility for helping the poorer nations in such areas. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
4)Good relationship between different countries would become more important than ever before. Do you agree or disagree?
6.民族融合
1)Multi-cultural societies, which are a mixture of different ethnic groups, bring more benefits than drawbacks for a country. To what extend do you agree or disagree with this conclusion?
2)Some people suggest when people move to a new country they should accept the new culture as their own,rather than have the separate minority groups which has their own different cultures. To what extent do you agree?
7.语言
1)In order to learn a language well, we should also learn about the country as well as the cultures and lifestyles of the people who speak it.To what extent do you agree or disagree?
2)Some experts believe that it is better for children to begin to learn a foreign language in primary school than in secondary school. Does the advantage overweigh the disadvantage?
3)Should we invent a new language for people from different countries to use for the international communication? Do you think there are more benefits or more problems with it?
4)Millions of people every year move to English-speaking countries such as Australia, Britain or America, in order to study at school, college or university. Why do so many people want to study in English? Why is English such an important international language?
5)Several languages are dying out every year. Some people do not think it is important and say that our life will be simpler with fewer languages. To what extent do you agree or disagree.
6)Some people think that machine translation is highly developed in today’s society; therefore it is not necessary for children to learn a foreign language. What’s your opinion?
三、现代化
1.综合
1)People are optimistic about 21st century. Many people think it is a good opportunity to find positive change in future. How do you think of the optimism? What changes would you like to be made in the new century
2)The speeding up of life in many areas such as travel and communication has negative effects on society at all levels—individual, national and global. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
3)Scientific and technology advances are benefit in our daily life today. However, most of scientists are no longer able to find the solutions of the problems they have created. To what extent do you agree or disagree. Tell reasons.
4)When a country develops its technology, the traditional skills and ways of life die out. It is pointless to try and keep them alive.To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
5)The older generations often hold some traditional ideas on the correct way of live, think and behavior. Most people argue that it is not helpful for the young generations preparing fo modern life in the future. To what extent do you agree of disagree?
2.信息技术
1)Earlier technological development brought more benefits and changed the life of ordinary people more than the recent technological developments ever will. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
2)It is now possible to perform everyday tasks, such as bank transaction, shopping or even office works, without meeting people face to face. What are the effects it may have on individuals and the society as a whole?
3)Someone believes that modern telecommunication devices have many benefits to human, while others think otherwise. What is your opinion? Please discuss and use examples to support your own ideas.
4)There are social, medical, and technical problems associated with the use of mobile phones. What forms do they take? Do you agree that the problems outweigh the benefits of the mobile phone?
5)Many employees may work at home with the modern technology. Some people claim that it can benefit only the workers, not the employers. Do you agree or disagree?
6)With the increasing use of mobile phones and computers, less people tend to write letters. Some people even think the skill of writing letters will disappear completely. To what extent do you agree or disagree? How important do you think letter writing is?
3.食物技术
1)The range and quality of the food have been improved by the advancement of science and technology. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages about this and present your view.
2)Food can be produced cheaper if we use improved fertilizers and better machinery. However some of methods may be dangerous for human health, and have negative effects for local communities. What is your opinion?
4.娱乐中运用现代技术
1)Leisure is a growing industry now, and people no longer entertain themselves as they used to because of the use of modern technology. However, it has made people less creative. What is your opinion?
2)Children spend much time on TV, video and PC games. Some people believe it is good for them while others believe that is bad. Discuss these two views and give your own opinion.
5.空间研究的后果
1)Space travel to the moon is cited as "a big step for the mankind". Some people think it made little difference to our daily lives. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
6.飞机
1)Motorised flight is the greatest invention in the modern world. No other invention has had a more significant impact on our lives. Do you agree or disagree?
2)Air transport is increasingly used to export types of fruits and vegetables to countries where those plants can’t grow or out of season. Some say it is a good thing, but others consider this use of air transport can’t be justified. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
3)Some people believe that air travel should be restricted because it causes serious pollution and uses up the world's fuel resources. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
4)The long-distance flight consumes the fuel more than a car consumes in several years time, and causes the same amount of pollution as cars. So some people think we should abandon the non-essential fights (such as for tourism), and it is more efficient than restricting the car use. Give your opinions about it
7.电视(后果)
1)Television is dangerous because it destroys the family living and community. Some people said that it absorb peoples' time too much so that they have no time to talk about each other. In how extent do you agree or disagree, give your opinion.
8.机器人
1)Discuss the advantages and disadvantages brought by intelligent robots.
四、媒体和广告
1.广告
1)Some people believe the negative effects of advertising outweigh the positive effects. What’s your opinion?
2)Society would benefit from the ban on all forms advertising because it may serve no useful purpose, and even can be damaging. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
3)Customers are faced with increasing advertisement because of company competition. To what extent do you think consumers are influenced by advertisements? What measures do you think can protect them?
4)In some countries, advertisers increase the amount of advertising which try to persuade children to buy snacks, toys,and other goods. Parents object to such pressure on children. But some advertisers claim that there is useful information in these advertisements. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
5)Nowadays, a large amount of advertising is aimed at children. Some people think this has lots of negative effects on children, and should be banned. To what extent do you agree or disagree
6)Advertising encourages consumers to buy in quantity rather than in quality. Do you agree or disagree?
7)Advertising will discourage us from being different individuals and make us all want to do or to look the same. What is your opinion?
8)The high sales of popular consumer goods reflect the power of the advertising but not the real need of the whole society in which they sell. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?
2.媒体
1)Some people think that news media is negative for society. What is your opinion?
2)We get knowledge from news, but some people think we can’t trust the journalist. What do you think? And what do you think is the important qualities that a journalist should have?
3)Compare the advantages and disadvantages of three of the following as media for communicating information. State which you consider to be the most effective. Comics;books;radio;television;film;theatre.
4)Exposure to international media, e.g. films, TV and magazines, has an impact on the local culture. Please discuss whether the advantages outweigh the disadvantages.
5)Detailed description of crimes on newspaper and TV has bad influence, should this kind of information be restricted on media?
6)It is common that TV news programmes show the images of disasters and violence to the public. Discuss the reasons and what are the effects on individual and on society.
7)Some information in films, books and on the Internet has bad influence on young people and even on society. Some think such information should be controlled. Give your opinion on both sides of view; use your own experience and examples.
8)The government should control the amount of violence in films and on television in order to decrease the level of violent crimes in the society. Do you agree or disagree?
五、职能
1.基础设施
博物馆
1)What are the purposes of places such as museums and how should they be funded?
2)Some people think museums should be enjoyable places to attract and entertain young people. Others think the purpose of museums is to educate, not entertain. Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.
3)Some people claim that public museums and art galleries will not be needed because people can see historical objects and works by using computer. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
图书馆
4)The main purpose of libraries is to provide books. Therefore they should not use limited resources and space to provide videos,DVDs and etc. Do you agree or disagree?
5)Maintaining public libraries is a waste of money since the computer technology is so advanced that the Internet and computer can replace them. To what extend do you agree or disagree?
建筑物
6)Modern buildings are appearing in large numbers, some people believe that we should build our buildings in traditional styles. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
7)Modern buildings have changed the appearance of cities and towns. Some people argue we should build all buildings in traditional styles to protect the cultural identity,to what extent do you agree or disagree?
8)Many old buildings are protected by law because they are part of a nation's history. However, some people think they should be knocked down to make way for new ones because people need houses and offices. How important is it to maintain old buildings? Should history stand in the way of progress?
9)It is more important for a building to serve a purpose than to look beautiful. Architects do not need to worry about producing a building as a work of art. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
2.
医疗教育
1)Some people say that governments should pay for the public health care and education, while others say that it is not the government’s responsibility. Please discuss both views and give your own opinion.
2)Some people think that good health is very important to every person, so medical services should not be run by profit-making companies. Do the disadvantages of private health care outweigh the advantage?
3)"Prevention is better than cure." Out of a country's health budget, a large proportion should be diverted from treatment to spending on health education and preventative measures.
税收
4)People believe that they should be able to keep all the money they earn and should not pay tax to the state. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
5)Some governments say how many children a family can have in their country. They may control the number of children someone has through taxes. It is sometimes necessary and right for a government to control the population in this way. Do you agree or disagree?
3.科技
1)Some people think scientific research should be controlled by governments rather than private company, do you agree or disagree?
2)Should money be spent on space research or on the earth?
4.国防
1)Most countries spend a large amount of money in weapons to defend themselves though they are not at war. To the countries it should spend money to help the citizens for whom in the countries are poor and disadvantaged. To what extent do you agree or disagree this statement.
5.衡量国家成功的标准
1)Some people think that the way to judge the success of a nation is the quality of average person’s life, while some others insist a promising economy should be most essential. What is your opinion?
六、社会问题
1.环境
1)Many people say that we have developed into a “throw-away” culture, because we are filling up our environment with so many plastic bags and rubbish that we cannot fully dispose of. To what degree do you agree with this opinion and what measures can you recommend reducing this problem?
2)Now many people are living in a “throw-away society” where they tend to throw away things they have only used for a short time. What do you think are the causes and what problems it may cause?
3)Apparently, it would seem that people have rights to access cigarettes and tobacco everywhere. In fact, however, smoking should be banned thoroughly not only in public places, but everywhere. What is your opinion?
4)Some people believe that individuals can not improve environment, but only governments and big companies can make a difference. To what extend do you agree or disagree?
5)Environmental problems are too big for individual countries and individual people to address. We have reached the stage where the only way to protect the environment is at an international level. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?
6)The best way to solve the world's environmental problems is to increase the cost of fuel. To what extent you agree or disagree?
2.交通
1)Unlimited car use has brought us a lot of problems. What are these problems? And should we discourage people to use cars?
2)There are more and more cars in the cities. Pedestrians and cyclists are endangered by the traffic. Garden and streets give way to car park and traffic. How do city planners satisfy all people's needs?
3)The only way to improve the safety in the roads is to give much stricter punishment for driving offences. Do you agree or disagree?
4)Traffic and housing problems in major cities would be solved by moving big companies, factories and their employees to the countryside. Do you agree or disagree?
3.住房
1)The shortage of housing in big cities can cause severe consequences and only governmental actions can solve the problem. Do you agree or disagree?
4.水
1)Nowadays, fresh water has always been insufficient in some parts of the world. Please give the causes and some solutions and provide examples and evidences in your own words.
5.犯罪
1)Recent figures of crimes committed by young people are increasing in major cities throughout the world. Discuss the possible reasons and how to solve it?
2)A lot of people dare not to go out because of the increasing crimes. Some people suggest certain measures should be applied to prevent crimes, while others think it is useless. What is your opinion?
3)Unlike most countries, the police in United Kingdom normally do not carry guns. Some people think it leave citizen unprotected, other think this practice reduces the overall violence in society. Discuss both views and use your own experience and evidences.
4)Sending criminals to the prison is not the best method of dealing with them. Education and job training are better ways to help them.
5)Some people think the best way to reduce crime is to give longer prison sentence. Others, however, think there are better alternative ways to reduce crime. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
6)Some people believe the purpose of prison is to punish criminals. Others believe prison has other purposes. Please discuss both views and give your own opinion.
7)More and more measures to improve the security in the urban area have been introduced because of the increased crime. Do the benefits of the measures outweigh the drawbacks?
8)Without capital punishment (the death penalty) our lives are less secure and crimes of violence increase. Capital punishment is essential to control violence in society. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
6.城市
1)The cities in the world are becoming increasing more enormous. Please find the causes and possible consequences.
2)There are more problems in big cities today, what are the problems? Should government encourage people to live in the regional towns?
7.人生
1)It is said that today people’s live is becoming increasingly stressful. What’s the reason of it occur and how to solve the problem?
2)Nowadays men are becoming more and more greedy and selfish. We should return to older, traditional values and show respect for family and local community. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
3)It is generally accepted that families are not as close as they used to be. Give some reasons why this change has happened and suggest how families could be brought closer together.
4)Some people say that tell the truth is not always essential. It is necessary to tell lies sometimes. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
5)Some people believe that the personal happiness is directly related with the economic success. Others argue that the happiness depends on completely other factors. Discuss both of the views and give your own opinion.
6)An American film actor once said: "tomorrow is the most important thing in life". How important do you think it is for individuals and countries to think about the future rather than focus on the present?
七、弱势群体
1.老人
1)In many countries,the proportion of older people is steadily increasing. Does this trend have more positive or negative effects on society?
2)In a modern society, it has been observed in some countries that the elderly are not duly respected. Discuss the reasons why this has occurred and the effects it might have on our society.
3)Companies should encourage employees who work in a high position to leave at the age of 55, in order to give opportunities to new generation. Do you agree or disagree? Why?
4)Some people think that people should save up for their life after retirement. To what extent do you agree or disagree and why?
2.女人
1)In many countries, women are not able to join in the army to share equal basis with men but some people think that men should be a member of the army, navy and air force only. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
2)Throughout the history, male leaders often made the society more violent and conflicting. If women governed the world, it would be a more peaceful world. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
3.农村
1)There is a gap of living in cities and countryside. What are the reasons in your country and how can reduce the difference?
2)Modern cities have good condition about education and medical affairs. It is suggested that all new teachers and doctors be sent to rural areas to improve the situation there. Some people think it is unfair. What is your opinion?
4.穷人-如何进行慈善活动
1)Nowadays some people like to give help or donate to local communication directly where someone need help. Other people prefer to give money to national or international organizations. What is your opinion?
5.动植物
1)Now many people think that we are spending too much money and time on protecting wild animals. The money should be better spent on humans. Do you agree or disagree?
2)There are so little action to prevent the animals and plants dying out. People today have known about this problem, but the action still too little. Why do you think people take little action about it, and what will you suggest people do?
3)Some people think that the use of animal for experimentation is cruel; others think it is good for the development of science. Discuss and give your opinion.
4)Some people think it is acceptable to use the animals in any way for benfits of human beings, while others think it is not justifiable. Discuss both sides and give your opinion.
八、艺术与体育
1.艺术
1)Creative artists should be given with freedom to express their ideas (words, pictures, music and films. However some people think government should take some restriction with them. To what extent do you agree or disagree this opinion. Give your reasons with own knowledge and give examples.
2)Some people claim that arts such as painting and music cannot affect people's lives directly. Government should pay on other things. What is your opinion?
3)Some people think that government should provide assistance to all kinds of artists (eg. painters, musicians, poets), while some others think it is a waste of money. What is your opinion?
4)At present, science has been developing at a high speed, but people still have a high opinion of artists. What can arts tell us of the life that science cannot?
2.体育
1)Is it fair that sports professionals earn a great deal more money than people in other important professions? Give both sides reasons of the argument and give your opinion.
2)Popular events like the football World Cup and other international sporting occasions are essential in easing international tensions and releasing patriotic emotions in a safe way. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
3)Some people believe that national sports teams and individual men and women who represent their country should be financially supported by the government. Others think they should be funded by non-government organizations (business, scholarship). What is your opinion?
