
对比分析题型作文在大学英语四级考试中多次出现,包括两种:
1)要求作者客观地分析并阐述某一事物的利与弊,即正反两方面,然后指出自己的看法。
常见提纲形式:某某事物为我们带来许多好处;然而也有弊端或存在某种问题;你的体会。
作文套用格式:提出要评论的事物或观点;分别陈述这一事物的利与弊;归纳得出作者的结论
2)指针对某个问题,有两种不同观点,要求考生对这两种不同的观点进行分析,说明理由。
常见提纲形式:有些人认为……;而另有些人则认为……;你的观点
作文套用格式:目前存在某个问题,人们有不同的观点;两种观点各自的理由;我的看法。
Writing 1---1993年1月真题
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Positive and Negative Aspects of Sport. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:
1.运动的积极因素
2.运动的消极因素
3.你的体会
Positive and Negative Aspects of Sport
Sports benefit us in many respects. When taking part in sports, we get the chance to train almost all parts of our bodies. There is no doubt that proper sports activities keep our physical fitness. Furthermore, sports can enrich our life and maintain our psychological health. Through participation, everyone can learn that on the playground he not only struggles for himself but also fights for his team. Sports teach us about consideration, cooperation and optimism to failure.
But sports can do some harm to those who cannot plan their activities properly. Too hard training may hurt their bodies, exhaust their vigor, and even cause them to become sick.
In general, I love sports. I enjoy sports. For sports not only help me to live a well-balanced life, but also provide me with opportunities to get closer to nature. Sports add happiness to my everyday life when I perform in a decent way.
点评:
本文要求考生对运动的积极和消极因素进行阐述。
第一段,开门见山的指出运动有很多好处。运动不仅能够锻炼我们的身体,可以丰富我们的生活,保持心理健康。参与运动,我们将受益匪浅。maintain “保持维持”、consideration“关心”、cooperation“合作”、optimism“乐观”为亮点词汇。
第二段,运动不当会伤害身体,甚至导致他们生病。exhaust“消耗殆尽”为亮点词汇。
第三段,综述我的观点。运动不但帮助我过上良好平衡的生活,而且还提供接近大自然的机会。decent这个词用得恰到好处,在这里也正是“恰到好处”的意思。
Writing 2---1996年1月真题
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Two-day Weekend. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:
1. 双休日给大学生带来的好处
2. 双休日可能给大学生带来的问题
3. 我应当怎样过好双休日
The Two-day Weekend
The two-day weekend has brought a lot of benefits to college students. It not only offers us more time to get rid of tiredness and have a good rest, but also gives us more chances to take up some hobbies, such as fishing, reading, or gardening. From these activities we can learn many things outside the classroom, which will add to our knowledge.
Despite the convenience it brings us, the two-day weekend has also given rise to quite a few problems. The most serious one is that the weekdays are filled with more lesson, sometimes too many. Because our classes are limited to Monday through Friday, we have to take more lessons each day than in the past. This leaves us little time to catch our breath during the weekdays.
In order to benefit most from the two-day weekend, I have decided to make a good plan for the two-day weekend. Of course I should take this chance to relax. But during the weekend, I will still set aside enough time to study. By doing so, I can have a good time as well as make progress in my studies.
点评:
本文要求考生对双休日的好坏进行阐述。虽然此文题目并未包含标志性的词组advantage and disadvantage of…或positive and negative aspects of…, 但是从提纲中一望即知这属于利弊类的文章。
第一段是写好处,文中提到两个方面,用到not only…, but also…。第二段是写带来的问题,学习的时间比较紧凑。第三段是写为了过好双休日,我需要制定计划,做到劳逸结合。
Writing 3---2006年12月真题
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on Te CCTV Spring Festival Gala. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:
1.许多人喜欢在除夕夜晚看春节晚会;
2.有些人提出取消春节晚会;
3.我的看法。
The CCTV Spring Festival Gala
There is always a heated discussion over the issue of the Spring Festival Gala organized by CCTV before and after the Chinese Lunar New Year. Some people are in favor of the program, while others maintain that the program is a waste of money and time.
In the eyes of the first group of people, the Spring Festival Gala should be encouraged for the following reasons. First, the gala has become a tradition for most people to spend the holiday, and they feel that they can find nothing else to do. Besides, the program can offer some talking materials for their family, friends and relatives.
However, those who argue against the gala and propose to cancel it also have their reasons. To begin with, the gala costs a lot, but the quality is not as good as expected. What’s more, people may do something else if the gala is cancelled. For example, the family may play games, or chat with each other to the relation between each much closer.
As is discussed above, it is obvious that there is some truth in both arguments. In my opinion, the program does more harm than good if watching it as the only thing to do on the eve of the lunar new year. It is likely to make this most important festival boring and meaningless.
点评:这篇作文对某个问题的两种不同的观点进行分析,说明理由。第一段指出问题,人们对春节联欢晚会的举办意见不同;第二段分析了许多人喜欢在除夕夜晚看春节晚会的原因;第三段分析了有些人提出取消春节晚会的理由;第四段得出作者自己的看法,春节联欢晚会弊多于利。本文内容切题,表达思想清楚,结构合理,语言通顺。
Writing 4---1999年6月真题
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Reading Selectively Or Extensively? You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
1. 有人认为读书要有选择
2. 有人认为应当博览群书
3. 我的看法
Reading Selectively Or Extensively
范文:
Some people think when we read we should read selectively. That is to say, we should select some books we are interested in and ignore the others. Reading selectively can help us concentrate our limited time and attention on those selected books.
Others think we should read extensively. No matter what kind of book it is, we should look it over. We should read various kinds of books, whether we are interested in them or not. They maintain that reading extensively can help to enlarge our view and grasp the general knowledge in different fields.
In my opinion, the two reading ways have their roles respectively in our reading. However, the disadvantages of each methods are easy to see. If we only read the books we select or prefer, the framework of our knowledge may not be complete. Our knowledge would be rather limited. And if we read without selection, we may not have so much time and energy to be specialized in one particular field. Therefore, the combination of the two methods is more reasonable.
点评:
本文是选择类题目。可以按照三段式。第一段,开门见山的指出读书要有选择。concentrate “集中”为亮点词汇。第二段,应当博览群书。第三段,综述我的观点。文章简洁明了。respectively “分别的”、framework“结构框架”
combination“结合”为亮点词汇。
Writing 5---2008年6月真题
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Recreational Activities. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:
1. 娱乐活动多种多样
2. 娱乐活动可以使人们受益,也可能有危害性
3. 作为大学生我们的看法
Recreational Activities
With the dramatic development of our society and our living standard, there are a variety of recreational activities coming to our lives. Some may go to KTV with their friends on weekends to get relaxed after five-day intense work. Meanwhile, others might choose to surf the internet to kill time and appreciate vast resources on the internet.
Everything has two sides just like a coin, and entertainment is no exception. On the one hand, amusement activities can enrich our lives, broaden our horizon, and cultivate our mind. On the other hand, we could make our time wasted and our mind contaminated if we fail to approach recreation properly.
As far as college students are concerned, we are supposed to take advantage of the benefits from diverse entertainment activities. In addition, it is essential to be self-disciplined and steer clear of the adverse influences.
点评:
本文要求考生对校园中的学生的课余娱乐进行阐述,属于议论文当中的“权衡利弊”考题。
第一段:引出谈论的事物及话题 ;第二段:①任何事物都有两个方面 ②分清主次地列明优点与缺点;在表达任何事物都有两个方面的时候有一个很重要而常见的句型:Everything has two sides just like a coin and is no exception. 此外,在描述事物优点与缺点时,同学不要忘了要使用结构性连接词,比如on the contrary等。第三段:表明自己的观点。就话题内容而言,在描述娱乐活动益处时, enrich our lives, broaden our horizons, and cultivate our mind(丰富人们生活、开拓人们视野、陶冶人们的情操)。而关于娱乐活动的表达 “娱乐”进行同义词替换:entertainment / recreational/amusement activities.
2 现象解释题型作文
现象解释型作文要求考生对某一社会现象进行解释分析, 并加以评论。
作文套用格式: 说明现状; 阐述这种现状产生或存在的原因; 做出分析总结
Writing 6---2010年6月真题
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Due Attention Should Be Given to Spelling. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:
1.如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写
2.出现这种现象的原因
3.为了改变这种状况,我认为
Due Attention Should Be Given to Spelling
Teachers in growing numbers are beginning to realize that spelling problems in English are of importance to our daily language learning. Students also find difficulties in precise expression on papers. Meanwhile, there is general discussion on the above.
There are a lot of reasons responsible for it. On the one hand, the young men are misguided by the present spoken-English- centered illusion. In other words, they pay little attention to spelling or written training. On the other hand, people who merely focus on oral English may not realize that written English is a base for further language studies. And they should have known that to express ideas clearly, exactly and correctly is of great significance.
Judging from the evidence offered, we may safely draw the conclusion that the correct and exact spelling ought to be the primary concern in English teaching. Teachers are to play an important role in the above issue. To sum up, it is high time that we placed great emphasis on spelling and the groundwork for the language learning.
点评:
本文是考察的是大学生群体在学习英语过程当中最常见的拼写问题,要求学生分析原因并提出有效的建议措施。这个题属于问题解决型文章。
第一段说明现象:当今大学生在英语学习中不重视拼写。文中precise “精确的”、general discussion“交流”为亮点词汇。
第二段探讨这种现象背后的原因:可能需要从现在的英语教学过分地强调口语教学,口语能力成为招聘面试的重点也会影响学生忽视英语拼写这些方面入手,网络时代打字代替了动手拼写,现在学生在英语学习当中以选择题为主要练习题型。文中misguided “使误入歧途”、illusion“错觉”为亮点词汇。
第三段谈论改变这一状况的对策:首次意识到拼写的重要性,在平时记忆单词时加强拼写能力的培养;其次改变学习态度,深知一分耕耘,一分收获;同时教师在课堂教学中也应该加以强调,给学生以正确的方向。primary “主要的”、groundwork“基础”为亮点词汇。
Writing 7---2007年12月真题
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Selecting Courses. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:
1. 各大学开设了各种各样的选修课
2. 学生因为各种原因选择了不同的选修课
3. 以你自己为例……
Selecting Courses
Recently, people in growing numbers show their concern about selecting courses. In some colleges, students are permitted to pick out their course’s professors freely. The reasons are listed as follows:
In the first place, students can choose the teacher according to their interests, which will be helpful for their future careers. Besides, selecting courses can reduce the rate of students’ absence indirectly for students usually choose their favorite teachers.
As far as I am concerned, every coin has two sides. On the one hand, students may learn the course better, because they may choose the professor they liked. On the other hand, if the professor who is very popular and a great number of students would like to attend his/her course, the classroom must be overcrowded. It will have a bad impact on the class.
点评:
第一段说明现状:各大学开设了各种各样的选修课;第二段阐述这种现状产生或存在的原因:学生因为各种原因选择了不同的选修课;第三段以自己为例来做出总结。文章层次清楚,语义连贯,内容表达清晰。
3 问题解决题型作文
问题解决型作文也是大学英语四级考试中经常出现的题型。这类作文是关于某个社会现象或社会问题,要求作者分析该问题所产生的原因或造成的后果,并得出结论或提出解决办法,该类作文的写作方法通常以演绎的顺序展开。
如在图表作文中,第一段要求大家对图表描述,而往往在第二段、第三段就要求分析原因和提出解决方法。至于提纲型作文则很大以部分是提出一个问题,让考生进行分析并提出建议等。
作文套用格式: 提出某个社会问题或现象; 解释其产生的原因或分析造成的后果; 给出解决问题的办法或建议,或对目前无法解决的问题提出展望。
Writing 8---1996年6月真题
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Global Shortage of Fresh Water. You should write at least 120 words and you
should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
1. 人们以为淡水是取之不尽的(提示:雨水、河水、井水……);
2. 实际上淡水是非常紧缺的(提示:人口增加,工业用水增加,污染……);
3. 我们应该怎么办。
Global Shortage of Fresh Water
Generally, people think that fresh water is inexhaustible. There is plenty of fresh water in the rivers and lakes. What is more, we have a lot of underground water. Such an opinion leads to a shocking waste of water.
Actually, fresh water is in a short supply. Due to the rapid population increase, fresh water consumption remains great. Besides, with the development of industry, more water is needed. More over, a lot of our rivers and lakes have been so polluted that water from them is undrinkable.
We must take some measures to solve the problem of water shortage. First, population growth should be slowed down to reduce fresh water needs. Second, pollution should be controlled to purify fresh water in the rivers and lakes. What is the most important of all, we should cherish every drip of water in our daily life.
点评:这篇作文是属于问题解决型。首段给出一种社会现象――人们以为淡水是取之不尽的,指出这会导致严重浪费水源,inexhaustible“用之不尽”为亮点词汇;第二段分析淡水非常紧缺的原因;第三段提出解决水源短缺应采取的措施。本文内容切题,文理通顺,表达正确,语义连贯,无重大语言错误。
Writing 9---2008年12月真题
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Limiting The Use of Disposable Plastic Bags. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
1.一次性塑料袋曾被广泛的使用
2.造成的问题
3.使用的意义
Limiting The Use of Disposable Plastic Bags
These days disposal products often hit the headlines of newspapers and have been brought into focus of the public. Indeed, it is widely accepted that they have gained increasing popularity among people in all walks of life. Taking a look around you, you can find examples too numerous to list: When you walk on the street, you can see plastic bags flying over your head; When you ramble along the river, you can find plastic bottles floating on the water; When you stroll in the park with your lover, you can notice waste paper thrown everywhere.
Among the most important reasons often cited by people is the quickening pace of modern life. They are often too busy to wash dirty dishes or glasses, as a result they can do nothing but use disposal products. Also playing a part is the improvement of people's life. As a result of the policy of opening and reform, an increasing number of people are much richer than before and can afford disposal products.
Admittedly, they might benefit us in a short term. Unfortunately, they will do us harm in more than one way. The major harm is (that) they are sure to pollute the environment. To make matters worse, they are likely to have potential harm to public health. To illustrate this point, I can think of no better example than HP, the river through S. As a result of disposal products in it, the water has caused some diseases in the local people.
To sum up, for the factors mentioned before, we can safely reach the conclusion that the prevalence of disposal products is bound to cause a chain of undesirable effects. In view of the present situation, it is high time that the government tried every means to protect the environment. Only in this way, can we have a bright future.
点评:
这个题目属于社会类话题与大学生的生活密切相关。题目依然采取了三段式的结构,有描写现象——阐释问题——说明意义。
第一段需要点明现象,现在塑料袋的普遍使用。disposal products“一次性产品”、hit the headlines“成为头条新闻”、numerous“大量的”、ramble“漫步”为亮点词汇。
第二段需要分析一下塑料袋使用的原因。一般提两点就可以,比如改革开放使人民生活水平的提高以及人们生活的高节奏。quickening“复苏的、加速的”
第三段塑料袋使用的影响。它会导致white pollution, 影响人们健康,harm people's health,Admittedly“不可否认”为亮点词汇
最后一段是塑料袋的意义。prevalence “流行普遍”为亮点词汇。
事实是我们国家已经于6月1日刚实行超市的"限塑令",因此在这里我们可以谈两点意义,比如提高了群众的环保意识,当然需要用到我们在课堂上反复提及的"enhance people's awareness for environmental protection"。此外最重要的是要尽量避免拼写和语法错误,比如这里很多同学可以需要用到convenient,来解释人们使用塑料袋的原因,或者是phenomenon现象来开题,尤其是题目中的关键词,一次性塑料袋,disposable plastic bags, 在英文标题中本有出现,应充分利用。
Writing 10---2002年6月真题
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Student Use of Computers. Study the following graph and write a composition in no less than 120 words. Remember to write neatly.
Your composition should meet the following requirements:
1. 本题图所示为1990年、1995年、2000年某校大学生使用计算机的情况,请描述其变化;
2. 请说明发生其变化的原因(可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明);
3. 你认为目前大学生在使用计算机中有什么困难或问题。
Hours/week
Average number of hours a student spends on the computer per week.
Student Use of Computers
Students tend to use computers more and more nowadays. Reading this chart, we can find that the average number of hours a student spends on the computer per week has increased sharply. In 1990, it was less than 2 hours; and in 1995, it increased to almost 4 hours; while in 2000, and the number soared to 20 hours.
Obviously computers are becoming more and more popular. There are several reasons for this. First, computers facilitate us in more aspects of life. Also, the fast development of the Internet enlarges our demands for using computers. We can easily contact with friends in remote places through the Internet. Besides, the prices of computers are getting lower and lower, which enables more students to purchase them.
Along with the time spent on computers, there arise some problems. The most serious one is that many students are spending so much time playing PC games so that they ignore their studies. It is urgent to let the students use computers in a proper way.
点评:
这是一篇问题分析型的图表作文。
第一段通过描述图表指出大学生使用计算机的时间越来越多;第二段分析计算机越来越流行的原因;第三段指出大学生把时间花费在电脑上会出现的问题并提出解决问题的建议即要教育学生合理使用电脑。
本文利用图表中的图形、数据等去说明主题,说服力强,内容充实,层次清楚,语言通顺。
Writing 11-2010年12月真题
Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent? You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below.
1.目前不少父母为孩子包办一切
2.为了帮助孩子,父母应该……
How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent?
Currently, many parents, if not most, care too much about their children, which make their kids not as independent as we desire. Undoubtedly, the growth of each kid exerts a profound impact for the entire family. Time after time newspapers carry articles pertaining to the educational style, and thus the media and officials are supposed to strive for a healthy way to educate our children.
The present situation being so serious, it is imperative for us to take drastic measures and do not keep turning a blind eye to them. The first and key point is that parents themselves, rather than anybody else, have the responsibility to provide their children with a more independent living atmosphere. Another method, similarly indispensable, is that it is high time that children enhance their awareness of being independent. With these measures taken, it is reasonable for us to believe that the problem will be addressed in the near future.
It is true that children need delicate care. Nonetheless, children will one day grow up and face the cruel world on their own. In order to make our children adapt to the fierce competition when they become mature, the whole society, especially parents are bound to give our children a more independent surrounding.
点评:
本文是要求考生对父母包办一切这一现象进行阐述。该题目属于办法类作文,可以采取提出问题(背景介绍+公众观点)----分析问题(原因,危害,影响等)----解决问题 (表明问题可以解决+相关的解决措施)的思路。
第一段先介绍关于家长溺爱孩子这一现象的普遍存在,并指出其危害。文章中用到插入语 if not most, care too much about their children,被动语态和同位语从句。exert“运用,发挥;施以影响”、pertaining “关于”为亮点词汇。
第二段是主体段落,提出具体解决措施。分析措施时,从宏观和微观入手。既涉及到家长和社会,“The first and key point is that”,又关乎孩子自己 “Another method, similarly indispensable, is that”。 imperative“势在必行的” 、indispensable“责无旁贷的”为亮点词汇。
第三段在结尾段中,我们应该把重心放在问题是可以解决的,并在此呼吁整个社会给孩子一个的成长环境。delicate care“精心的照料” 、Nonetheless “尽管如此”为亮点词汇。
Writing 12---2001年1月真题
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled How to Succeed in a Job Interview? You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:
1.面试在求职过程中的作用
2. 取得面试成功的因素:仪表、举止谈吐、能力、专业知识、自信、实事求是......
How to Succeed in a Job Interview?
Nowadays, in an ever tighter job market, great importance has been attached to an interview by both the employer and the applicant. The interview, so to speak, has become indispensable for getting a satisfactory job. On the one hand, the interviewer can take advantage of the occasion to learn about the candidates, such as their work experiences, education and their personalities, so as to pick out the right person for the company. On the other hand, the interviewee can make use of the opportunity to get to know the job he is going to take up, the salary, the working conditions and many other things about the job he is interested in.
Therefore, the job interview is very important to a job-hunter. But how can one succeed in it? Firstly of all, the interviewee must pay attention to his or her appearance. The first impression is always where we start. Get dressed properly and neatly. Secondly, good manners are equally important. Don’t be too proud, and neither too timid. Just be courteous. Thirdly, the interviewee must demonstrate his aptitude and skills for the job and his knowledge about eh job-related areas. Be confident. Last but not the least, the interviewee ought to be honest about his or her personal as well as academic background, for honesty is the best policy.
To sum up, the job interview is indeed important, but there is no need to be nervous. As long as the interviewee has the ability for the job, with careful preparation and a fairly confident and honest performance, his or her success can be ensured.
点评:
本文要求考生对于面试在求职过程中的作用以及取得成功所具备的因素进行阐述。首段主要提出面试在求职过程中的作用,“On the one hand”,“on the other hand”。第二段写了四种方法。job-hunter“找工作的人”、demonstrate“证明”、aptitude“资质”为亮点词汇。第三段用两句话作为总结,非常简洁。
4 支持同意题型作文
该类题型作文要求考生对社会上存在的某种积极的现象或观点进行分析,说明其重要性或价值,也就是通过摆事实、讲道理的方式,来说服读者信服某个观点,它是论说文的一种。
其常见形式是: 目前存在某种积极的现象或观点; 该现象或观点的作用、意义或价值; 呼吁结尾。
在大学英语四级作文考试中 此类题型经常和问题解决题型结合考查。
Writing 13
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Create a Green Campus. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:
1.建设绿色校园十分重要
2.绿色校园不仅指绿色环境
3.为了建设绿色校园我们应该……
Create a Green Campus
“Green campus” is, to some extent, a relatively new concept to us. It not only means creating a green environment on campus, but also refers to that the students should be educated and have an environmental sense in their mind. Of course, this concept is very important for the students because it sets goals toward the future of the world.
The young generation is under the burden of severe environmental problems and the hopes of environmental improvement are lying in them. Therefore, campus plays a more important role in educating the young generation. The creation of “Green campus” will greatly stimulate students to take part in various environmental protection activities; most importantly, students will be educated to take environmental problems seriously as their own mission and responsibility. Under such stimulations, students may grasp the chance to learn every necessary course for the harmonious and sustainable development of the world.
To bring “green campus” to its full play, effective measures should be taken. First, based on its education function, campus should bring the theory of “sustainable development” into classrooms, set environmental management rules and conduct environmental education activities. Second, campus also needs to strengthen its ties with the society, tries to communicate with parents and experts so as to ensure that students could have a better participation in the practical activities. Only by the co-efforts of the whole society could “green campus” work smoothly and bring benefit to people’s well-beings.
点评:
本题要求考生对绿色校园的建设以及树立环境保护意识进行阐述。
第一段:着重写“绿色校园”的概念,文中用到“not only…, but also…” 从其概念引出“绿色校园”的重要地位。
第二段:此段的重点就是“绿色校园”的重要性,它能够促进学生们积极地参与到实际的环境问题中去,而且还能树立学生们的环境保护意识,对社会做出重大的贡献。文中stimulate“激励鼓舞”、mission“使命”、harmonious“和谐的”sustainable development“可持续发展”为亮点词汇。
第三段:鉴于“绿色校园”的重要性,我们应当采取措施来建设“绿色校园”,把“绿色校园”的作用发挥到最大。文章中用到倒装句。conduct “实施”
为亮点词汇。
Writing 14---1990年6月真题
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the title: Make Our City Greener, your composition should be based on the following outline:
1:城市绿化的状况
2:绿化的好处(如:清洁空气,美化城市,改善气候......)
3:怎样才能实现绿化
范文:
Make Our City Greener
In recent years many trees have been planted in the cities and much care has been taken of the planted trees. In spite of all this, the greening process is relatively slow compared with cities in many other countries.
We can benefit much from making our cities greener by planting trees. First, trees absorb carbon dioxide to produce oxygen which is essential to the health of human beings. Second, trees and other greenery make our cities more beautiful. Third, trees can also improve the climate of the cities.
Since we can get so much from making our cities greener, we should spare no effort to do that. We should plant more trees and take better care of them. We also should not cut down the trees. In a word, we should do everything to add to the greening of our cities.
点评:
这是一篇支持同意型的作文,作者支持城市绿化这种积极的社会现象。第一段指出目前城市绿化的状况;第二段分析了绿化的好处;第三段得出结论,我应该尽到一切努力使我们的城市得到更好的绿化。文章内容切题,说理充分,令人信服,无语言错误。
5 记叙文题型作文
要求考生写一篇记叙文,描述事件发生的时间、地点、原因、人物及结果,最后对事件进行简单分析。
其常见形式是: 总结描述,交代清楚故事涉及的人物、时间、地点; 第二段 具体描述,具体描述事件发生的原因、经过和结果:起因+经过+结果; 第三段 对事件的分析,分析句1+分析句2+分析3。
Writing 15---2003年9月真题
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic The Day My Classmate Fell Ill (or Got Injured). You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:
1.简单叙述一下这位同学生病(或受伤)的情况
2.同学、老师和我是如何帮助他/她的
3.人与人之间的这种相互关爱给我的感受是……
The Day My Classmate Fell Ill (or Got Injured)
During the SARS period in this spring, the year of 2003, one of my classmates, Li Ming, was struck down by the virus and was immediately sent to hospital.
The news spread quickly on campus. At first, we were terrified and wondered if we were infected too. However, through our government's publicity on mass media, we gradually conquered the fear and set out to try our best to help her. Some teachers provided daily necessities while some students recorded the English class contents for him so that Li Ming could not be left behind. With our care and concern, Li Ming recovered quickly.
Such an incident teaches us a good moral. Our society is full of love, warm and peaceful, in which people-from man to woman, from individual to individual-lend others a hand. Just like a famous song goes, "the world will turn it to heaven only if everyone contributes a little." and I do believe that it's my great honor to live in this love-filled paradise!
点评:
本文要求考生写一篇记叙文,描述事件发生的时间、地点、原因、人物及结果,最后对事件进行简单分析。
第一段交代故事涉及的人物、时间、地点:简单结描述同学生病(或受伤)的情况,语言简练;第二段具体描述同学、老师和我是如何帮助他/她的,形象生动,层次清晰;第三段对事件的分析:人与人之间的这种相互关爱给我的感受,感情真挚。
Writing 16---2003年6月真题
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: An Eye-Witness Account of a Traffic Accident
假设你在某日某时某地目击一起车祸,就此写一份见证书。
见证书须包括以下几点:
1、车祸发生的时间及地点
2、你所见到的车祸情况
3、你对车祸原因的分析
An Eye-Witness Account of a Traffic Accident
My name is Liming. I am studying at college. A week ago I saw a traffic accident , which is still vivid in my mind.
It was at about 9:00 on Saturday morning, June 15th, when I went out of the university to visit a friend of mine at another university. I was walking leisurely on the sidewalk when I heard a loud crash of two vehicles just at the T-junction about 10 meters away. Two taxis crashed together. It was a traffic accident.
I went up and found that the two taxis were badly damaged. Both hoofs were out of shape. One door of a car was knocked off and lying on the road. One driver was blooding and another was shut in the taxi. Some people were trying to help the driver get out of the damaged car. One man was calling to the traffic policeman station. A lot of cars were jammed on the road.
From the stopping track on the road, it is clear that the two taxis were driving too fast. But it is just one of the reasons. In my opinion, the taxi drivers are eager to take more passengers and make a little more money. On the other hand, both drivers don't show concern for one another. Both of them wanted to run in front of another. Therefore, the accident is inevitable. So far, we should let the drivers keep it in their mind that a little slower, a little safer. Taking care of other's lives means taking care of your own life.
点评:
本文要求考生写一篇记叙文,描述事件发生的时间、地点、原因、人物及结果,这是记叙文的显著特征,而后解释其原因,这部分带有说明文的性质。
本文分为四段,前两段交代故事涉及的人物、时间、地点语言简练;第三段具体描述车祸的情况,形象生动,层次清晰;第四段对事件的分析。
6.应用文 (书信、演讲词等)
应用文可以分为三大类:
第一类,公共英语交际(公务信函、备忘录、奖状、证书和节目单);第二类,大学和求职申请(简历、申请书);第三类,社会交往(社交信函、私人通告和征婚交友广告)写信的过程中需注意题头、称呼语、结束语和签名。考生需要注意第二和第三类应用文。
其常见形式是:首段表明写信的目的或用意; 第二段按照提示写作 第三段套话,表达诚挚的敬意。
Writing 17---2004年6月真题
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter. Suppose you are Zhang Ying. Write a letter to Xiao Wang, a schoolmate of yours who is going to visit you during the week-long holiday. You should write a t least 100 words according to the suggestions given below in Chinese.
1. 表示欢迎
2. 提出对度假安排的建议
3. 提醒应注意的事项
A letter to a Schoolmate
June 23, 2001
Dear Xiao Wang,
I’m delighted to learn that you are going to visit me during the week-long vacation. My parents will also be happy to see you again. I’m sure you will enjoy every minute here.
I know you are fond of swimming. A river lies not far away from my home. We can go swimming there. I think it would be very pleasant and refreshing to swim in such hot summer days. In every big room of my home there is an air-conditioner. We can watch TV, play CDs or read books very comfortably at home.
A mountain about two miles away from here is beautiful and it is worth touring. We can go there on foot. When we climb to the top of the mountain, we can have a wonderful bird-eye view of the whole village.
Just phone me before you set off. There is no need for you to take anything. I’ll prepare everything for you.
I am looking forward to seeing you soon.
Yours,
Zhang Ying
点评:
本文属于应用文书信写作。开始的日期、呼语和最后的签名需要注意。首段表明写信表示欢迎;第二、三段提出对度假安排的建议;第四五段是套话,表达诚挚的敬意。
Writing 18---2002年1月真题
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: A Letter to the University President about the Canteen Service on Campus. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:
假设你是李明,请你就本校食堂的状况给校长写一封信,内容应涉及食堂的饭菜质量、价格、环境、服务等,可以是表扬,可以是批评建议,也可以兼而有之。
A Letter to the University President about the Canteen Service on Campus
January 12th, 2002
Dear Mr. President,
I’m very lucky to attend this world-famous university, but I’m afraid I’m not content with the canteen service on campus.
Firstly, the quality of the dishes should be improved. Undoubtedly, there are a lot of delicious dishes, but all the year round, they are the same. More and more students are complaining about eating the same food each day. So I think the most urgent problem is variety.
Secondly, the price is a bit too high. Many of us hope that the canteen can provide us with not only delicious but also cheaper food.
Finally, the environment is so noisy that we can’t enjoy our meals in good mood. I suggest that there be some soft music to help us relax.
These suggestions are not just of my own, but also of many other students. We hope our respectable president will pay attention to our suggestions.
By the way, the canteen workers are very patient and always smiling. So I think if our university offers them better conditions, they will offer us better service.
Best wishes,
Yours sincerely,
Liming
点评:
本文属于应用文书信建议写作。开始的日期、呼语和最后的签名需要注意。此文章是关于食堂的看法,可以转化为观点类的文章。首先说明自己的身份,然后笔锋一转说明自己确实想谈谈食堂的情况。接下来,从饭菜质量、价格、环境三方面谈到令人担忧的食堂状况。但是食堂的服务还不错,最后为套话,希望早日回复和表达敬意。
Writing 19---2004年6月真题
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition entitled A Brief Introduction to a Tourist Attraction. You should write at least 120 words according to the following guidelines:
Your role: a tour guide
Your audience: a group of foreign tourists Your introduction should include:
some welcoming words(欢迎词)
the schedule for the day(一天的行程安排)
a description of the place the tourists will be visiting(对旅客即将访问的地点进行描述)(e.g. a scenic spot or a historical site, etc.) You should make the introduction interesting and the arrangements for the day clear to everybody. 你应该让这个介绍很吸引人,并且让每个人都清楚了解你的行程安排
A Brief Introduction to a Tourist Attraction
Good morning, ladies and gentleman, welcome to Beijing. To begin with, I would like to introduce myself: I am the tourist guide from China Travel Service and it’s great honor to stay here with all of you for a whole day. Just as the old saying goes, “It is always a pleasure to greet a friend from afar”, I wish all of you to enjoy yourselves during this trip.
The following is schedule of the day. The first spot we are going to visit is the Great Wall, the grandest fortification in ancient China. The next sight to look around is the Ming Tombs, which is one of the best-preserved tombs for 13 emperors in Ming Dynasty more than one thousand years ago. In the afternoon, we will go for the Summer Palace, the royal park for Chinese ancient emperors.
Currently we are on the way to the Great Wall. Dating back to the seven century B.C., the Great Wall is constructed by respective states for fortifying against invasion of neighboring states. By the reasons of long history and its length, it becomes one of the eight wonders in the world and represents the highest wisdom and crafts. From the top of the Great Wall, we can enjoy a magnificent view of continuous mountains, green trees and blooming wild flowers. It is no doubt that one says, “He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man”。
Above is my introduction to the Great Wall. If any of you have questions, please feel free to ask me at any time.
点评:
本文是通知型题材。首先对来进行观光的朋友们便是热烈的欢迎,接下来对于一天的行程安排进行详细的说明,从Great Wall到Ming Tombs又到Summer Palace,然后对旅客即将访问的地点进行描述,让每个人都清楚了解行程安排。
Writing 20---2007年6月真题
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic An Announcement to Welcome Students to Join to A Club. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
1、本社团的主要活动内容
2、参加本社团的好处
3、如何加入本社团
An Announcement to Welcome Students to Join to A Club
Welcome to our club “Freshman’s Family” which aims at helping freshman adapt themselves to new environment. To begin with, this club will serve as a platform to help freshman develop skills including life and study.
Now to share our club’s activities with you. First of all, we will invite some professors to give lectures. Secondly, we will do our utmost to shoot for some financing to help the needy freshman so that they feel less anxious about their future. Additionally, we will organize some team sports termly, such as baseball, basketball. Undoubtedly, attending our club will be conducive for your new campus life.
Students who are interested in taking part in it may connect with Amber, our club’s assistant. Her E-mail address is Amber@freshman.org . Also, You can file a written application to our staff office or email us via Application@freshman.org . The deadline for entries is Sept. 10th. Everybody is welcome to attend our club.
点评:
本文是一个通知型的题型。本文所选择的club是专门成立一个“新生之家”这样一个社团。因为作者深深地感觉到很多刚走入大学的同学,充满了盲目,对于未来的大学生活缺乏认识,从而给自己将来有可能走弯路埋下了伏笔。如果能有一个由学长们发起的这样的一个社团,能够极大的帮助新入大学的同学很好的适应一个全新的环境。
Writing 21---1997年1月真题
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Practice Makes Perfect. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
1. 怎样理解“熟能生巧”?
2. 例如:在英语学习中...
3. 又如...
Practice Makes Perfect
The famous saying “Practice makes perfect” is widely accepted today. It means if we practice unfamiliar things again and again, we will be able to perform it perfectly.
The practice of learning English is a good example. We are not living in an English speaking country. So, in order to learn it well, we need extra practice, such as reading English books, going to English corners, or communicating with foreigners. Only sitting at the desk cannot lead to the mastery of English.
As another example, if we want to be skilled in using the computer, we also need to practice using it. Some children become little experts in computer, just because they play with it everyday. On the contrary, if we just stick to books, we will still feel confused when using computers. Judging from the evidence offered, we might safely draw the conclusion that practice makes perfect.
点评:
本文是谚语类作文。谚语类作文最常见的一种写法就是先解释谚语的含义,而后分若干个方面进行说明,常常可以举例子,最后做总结。文章第二段用到倒装句。第三段例子中用到对比On the contrary增强语气。
