
宾语从句做介词或及物动词的宾语。现在从下列三个方面总结归纳如下:
一、引导词
A,由that 引导的陈述句性的宾语从句,在很多动词如say, think, wish , hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear , feel等动词后(可以参照新概念一203页)。连词that只起连接作用,在从句中不做句子的成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略,但在大多数情况下还是以不省为好,特别是在笔语中。
例:I say that he is a cook.
注意:在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词引起的宾语从句中,有时从句的谓语尽管是否定意义,却不用否定形式,而将否定词放在主句的谓语动词如think 等动词之后。
例:I don’t think you are right. (我认为你做的不对)
二、宾语从句的语序
宾语从句从句的语序必须是陈述语序,既连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分
例:I believe that they will come soon.
He asked me whether I was a teacher.
They wanted to know what they can do for us.
二、宾语从句的时态
宾语从句的时态受主句的,既:主句是一般现在时态,从句根据实际情况而定。
主句是一般过去时态,从句用相应的过去的时态。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前,则从句要用过去完成时态。
例:
1)She says that she is a student. ------ She said that she was a student.
2)She says that she will fly to Japan in a week.
She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.
3)She says that she has finished her homework already.
She said that she had finished her homework already.
4)She says that she can sing a song in English.
She said that she could sing a song in English.
注意:A.如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时,这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。
例:The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
He says that Japan is an island country.
B. Could you tell me…是用来征询对方的意见,语气委婉,并不表示过去。
例:Could you tell me when we will visit the History Museum?
注意事项:
由陈述句变成宾语从句时,要注意人称的变化。
例:She said: “I have been to England before.”
She said that she had been to England before.
DO SOME EXERCISES:(做下列练习)
1.I can see________?
A. that he’s reading B. that is he reading
C. that does he read D. he reads that
2.Jack comes from Japan. Do you know? (合并成一个句子)
Do you know_____Jack _____from Japan?
3.He understands ___________?
A. that he need a glass of water. B. that we has got a lot of water.
C. that we must get up early. D. that he will drinks some water.
4.He knows__________
A. what they’re washing dishes. B. that Tom is dusting the cupboard.
C. what they repair the car. D. that Tom feel cold.
5.I don’t know____
A. who are they B. who you are C. who is he D. who he was
6.I want to know_____.
A. what is his name B. what’s his name
C. that his name is D. what his name is
7.He says :‘I feel cold.’(改为间接引语) _______.
A. He said that I felt cold. B. He says that he felt cold.
C. He said that he feels cold. D. He says that he feels cold.
8. I am sure:‘she is at home today.’(改为间接引语) ____________.
A. I am sure that she is at home today.
B. I am sure that I am at home today.
C. I am sure that she was at home today.
D. I am sure that I was at home today.
9.Emma says that she remembers me. (改为直接引语) _______________.
A. Emma says : ‘she remembers you.’
B. Emma says : ‘I remember me.’
C. Emma says : ‘she remembers me.’
D. Emma says : ‘I remember you.’
10.She thinks that she has got a cold. (改为直接引语) ________________.
A. She thinks :‘she gots a cold.’
B. She thinks:‘she has a cold.’
C. She thinks :‘I have got a cold.’
D. She thinks:‘I got a cold.’
