七年级英语专项训练----名词

七年级英语上册专项训练--------名词

【知识讲解】名词变复数

1.1 名词复数的规则变化

1.2 其它名词复数的规则变化

1）以元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数。例如：　

　　男孩boy--- boys |玩具toy---toys |猴子monkey---monkeys 假期holiday---holidays　　2）以o字母结尾的名词，变复数时：

　 a.加s,如：照片photo---photos钢琴piano---pianos 收音机radio---radios动物园zoo---zoos；

　 b.加es，如：土豆potato--potatoes　西红柿tomato—tomatoes 英雄hero---heroes

　 c.上述a和b两种方法均可，如zero---zeros / zeroes。　

3）以f或fe字母结尾的名词变复数时：初中阶段：先把f , fe 变为v，然后再加es，如：一半half---halves 小刀knife---knives 树叶leaf---leaves　狼wolf---wolves

　　妻子wife---wives　生命life---lives　小偷thief---thieves 书架shelf---shelves

1.3 名词复数的不规则变化

1. “oo常常变ee，男人女人a变e”

例如: foot→feet脚；tooth→teeth牙齿；man→men男人；woman→women女人；2.单复数相同：“羊鱼小鹿无变化，单数复数是一家”

例如: sheep→sheep绵羊；fish→fish鱼；deer→deer鹿；

3.不规则变化：child→children孩子；mouse→mice老鼠；German→Germans德国人；

4“某国人”的复数有三种类型：口诀“中日不变英法变，其它S加后边”

（1）Chinese, Japanese单数复数同形，不需加s；

（2）Englishman, Englishwoman, Frenchman, Frenchwoman复数要把man 变为men；

（3）其他各国人以–an, -ian收尾的均直接加s。如：

美国人Americans, 澳大利亚人Australians, 加拿大人Canadians,俄罗斯人Russians

　5.表面是单数，但实际是复数。例如： people人们　 police　

　6.表面是复数，但实际是单数。例如：

　　 maths 数学， physics 物理, news新闻，这三词是不可数名词，为单数。

7.常常以复数形式出现的名词：

glasses眼镜 clothes服装 shoes鞋 socks短袜 trousers裤子 gloves手套若表达这些词的具体数目时，要借助数量词 pair（对，双）;　如 a pair of glasses 【练习】

1.写出下列各词的复数形式　　

二、选择填空

( )1、There on the wall .They are very beautiful.

A. are photoes

B. are photos

C. is a photo

D. is photos

( )2. This kind of vegetable very healthy for you.

A. is B .are C .were D .has

( )3. There are four and two in the group.

A. Japanese, American B Japaneses, American C. Japanese, Americans

( )4. That’s art book. A. an B. a C. the

( )5. The boys have already.

A. two bread

B. two breads

C. two pieces of bread

D. two piece of bread ( )6. The old man wants .

A. six boxes of apples

B. six boxes of apple

C. six box of apples

( )7. There some in the river.

A. is ,fish

B. are, fishs

C. is, fishs

D. are ,fish

( )8. There two in the box.

A. is ,watch

B. are, watches

C. are, watch

D. is, watches

( )9. We should clean twice a day.

A .our tooth B. our tooths C. our teeth

( )10.The _____ meeting room(会议室) is near the reading room（阅览室）.

A. teacher

B. teacher’s

C. teachers’

D. teachers

情况构成方法读音例词

清辅音后读/s/map-maps 一般情况加–s

浊辅音和元音后读/z/bag-bags/ car-cars

以s, x，ch, sh,等

结尾

加-es读/iz/bus-buses /watch-watches 以ce, se, ze,等结

尾

加-s读/iz/License - licenses

以辅音字母+y结尾变y 为i再加es读/z/baby---babies

t 【知识讲解】不可数名词1.不可数名词特点：

⑴不可数名词没有复数形式，也不能与a, an 及数词连用，常作单数看待。例： water There’s some water in the bottle.

food My favorite food is noodles.

⑵要表示不可数名词的数量，通常借助于a bottle of, a glass of 等容器类短语连用。如果表示复数，只需要把量词改为复数就行。

例：a bottle of pop 一瓶汽水 , two glasses of orange juice 两杯桔子汁，

three cups of tea 三杯茶 ， a piece of paper 一张纸

⑶有些物质名词有时可数，有时不可数，要根据上下文决定，其意义也有所不同。 A glass is made of glass.玻璃杯是玻璃制成的。（玻璃杯可数，玻璃不可数。） I bought a melon yesterday. I want to eat some melon.2.常见的不可数名词：

气体，液体，肉类，学科类，疾病类，时间，金钱，这些词作主语时，谓语用单数。如： Three hundred dollars is not a small money. Two months is a long time.

3.有些名词由于有多种意思，所以既可以做可数名词，又可以做不可数名词，如：

【知识讲解】名词所有格

1.意义：名词的所有格是用来表示物品归谁所有，即名词的所属关系的形式。

2.分类：名词的所有格有's 类、 of 类和双重所有格三种形式。一、“’s”类名词所有格：表示有生命的名词的所有格

1.构成：通常在名词的后面加's 来构成；若名词本身就是以s 结尾的，则只加“'”。例如: Tom’s book , Lucy’s mother , Jim’s teacher

2. 共同所有：两人或多人共有一样东西时，只需在最后一个人的名字后面加's

各自所有：两人或多人各有一样东西时，则需要在每个名字后面加's 。 例如：This is Susan and my little sister's room.（表示两人共同所有的房间）They are John's and Nick's fathers. （表示两人各自的父亲）

二、of 类名词所有格：表示无生命的名词所有格

1. 表示无生命事物的名词用“名词+of+名词”的结构表示所有关系。

the legs of the desk 桌子腿 a map of China 一张中国地图2. 有时's 结构可以转换成of 结构，表示强调

my cousin's desk = the desk of my cousin 那个男孩的玩具

【练习】1.用所给词的适当形式填空

1．There are so many____________ (wolf ，狼)in the forest （森林）.

2. There are three ____________ (chair) in the classroom.

3. These ____________ (tomato) are all red.

4. ____________ (hero,英雄) are great.

5．My brother looks after two ____________(baby ，小孩) 6．There are some ____________ (deer ，鹿) eating the grass. 7．My father likes to eat ____________ (potato ，土豆).

8．Chinese ____________ (people) like to eat noodles （面条）. 9．I have a lot of____________ (toy ，玩具) in my bedroom.

10．I help my mother wash ____________ (dish ，盘子) in the kitchen. 11．I have two_______________(pencil-box).

12．There are some ______________(bus)in the street.13．Peter has eight ____________(foot). 14．Linda has three ______________(tooth).

15．There are some ______________(child) in the garden. 16．Michael likes the _____________(mouse,老鼠). 17．There are some ____________ (fish)in the river. 18．My uncle and father are____________ (man). 19．Tom and King are ____________ (boy). 20．Linda has three ____________ (tooth).

三、选出正确形式

1. I can see three ________ in the zoo. A monkeys B monkeys C monkey

2.The pig has four ______.　 A. foot 　 B. feet 　 C. foots

3. My two brothers are both ______. A. policeman 　B. policemans 　C. policemen

4.There are four ___________ in the class.　A. Japanese 　 B. Japaneses 　 C. Japan

5. I can see ten _____ in the picture. A. sheep B. dog 　 C. pig

6.The _____ has three______.　 A. boys, watches 　 B. boy, watch 　 C. boy, watches

7. Can you see _______on the plate? A. bread B. breads C. breades

8.The girl often brushes her_____ before she goes to bed.　A. tooth 　 B. tooths 　 C. teeth

9. Mr Black often drink some _________. A. milk B. milks C. milkes

11. _______ will learn English. A. Woman　 B. Women C. Man

12.Lucy will show us some new ____ of hers. A. photo 　 B. photos 　 C. photos

13. I drank two ______ A. bottles of orange　B. bottle of orange　C. bottles of oranges

14.The cat eats two ______ last night.　A. mouses 　 B. mice 　 C. mouse

15.I need a pen and some _____.　A. books B. desk C. chair