
Attention
1. attention是名词,意为“注意,留心,专心”。常用于短语pay attention to,意为“对……注意、留心”。这里的to是介词,其后常接名词、代词或动名词。attention前可用more, close, great等来修饰,以加强语气,表示“更加注意”。 如:
Please pay more attention to the problem we have to face. 请多注意我们所面临的问题。
2. 在pay attention to后若无宾语,则不用 to。如:
Today is your last lesson in French. I beg you to pay attention.
今天是你们上的最后一节法语课了,恳请你们认真听。
terrify
1. terrify是动词,意为“使害怕,使恐惧”。如:
His terrifying stories terrified the girls.
他讲的恐怖故事吓坏了这些女孩子。
2. be terrified of sth./ doing sth.意为“对某物/干某事感到恐惧、害怕”。如:
I was terrified of the tiger when I first saw it.
我第一次看见老虎时吓坏了。
He is terrified of speaking English in class.
他害怕在课堂上讲英语。
注:be terrified比be afraid 的语气更强,害怕的程度更大一些。
practice
1、practice v. 练习;实习。后面多跟名词(词组)或v-ing形式作宾语。如: I want to practice my spoken English in the English Corner this weekend.这个周末我想去英语角练习口语。
Listen! Someone is practicing playing the piano.
听!有人在练习弹钢琴。
2、practice n. 实践;练习;经验。多为不可数名词。如:
Practice makes perfect. [谚]熟能生巧。
Have you had any practice in nursing the sick?
你有护理病人的经验吗?
Interest
1. interest 作及物动词。
①interest sb.意为“使某人感兴趣,引起某人注意”。如:
Geography doesn’t interest him.
地理引不起他的兴趣。
②interest sb. in (doing) sth.意为“使某人在……方面感兴趣”。如:
He tried to interest me in buying the house.
他想说服我买这所房子。
2. interest作名词。
①意为“兴趣”时,常作不可数名词。常见短语show / have interest in (doing) sth.,意为“对……表现出 / 有兴趣”。如:
She showed great interest in the meeting.
她对这次会议表现出极大的兴趣。
②意为“业余爱好”或“感兴趣的事”时,常作可数名词。如:
He has two great interests. One is sports and the other is music.
他有两大爱好:一个是体育,另一个是音乐。
3. interested是形容词,常用结构be interested in (doing) sth.意为“对(做)……感兴趣”,主语是人。如:
John is interested in history. 约翰喜欢历史。
He is interested in drawing pictures.
他对画画感兴趣。
4. interesting也是形容词,意为“令人感兴趣的”,既可以作表语,也可以作定语。如:
The story is very interesting. 这个故事很有趣。
This is an interesting movie. 这是一部有趣的电影。
prefer
prefer是及物动词,意为“更喜欢,更喜爱”,相当于like ... better。
1. prefer sth.意为“更喜欢……”。如:
He prefers country life. 他更喜欢乡村生活。
2. prefer doing / to do sth. 意为“更喜欢干……”。如:
I prefer watching / to watch TV.
我更喜欢看电视。
3. prefer sb. to do sth. 意为“宁愿某人做……”。如:
I prefer you to stay here a little longer.
我更喜欢你在这里多呆一会儿。
4. prefer sth. to sth.意为“比起……更喜欢……”。如:
She prefers English to Chinese.
比起语文来她更喜欢英语。
5. prefer doing sth. to doing sth. = prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 意为“喜欢做……而不喜欢做……,宁愿做……而不愿做……”。如:
I prefer doing to talking.
我喜欢做事,不喜欢空谈。
Children prefer to stay at home rather than go out with you.
孩子们宁愿呆在家里而不愿和你一起出去。
good
good是英语中一个比较活跃的单词,既可作形容词,也可作名词。
1. 作形容词时,在句中既可作定语,也可作表语。
(1) good意为“好的,美好的”。如:
We’ve seen this good film.
我们已看过这部好电影了。
The news is too good to be true.
这条消息好得难以让人相信。
(2) good意为“善良的,和蔼的”,相当于kind。如:
Mrs. Wang is a good wife.
王太太是一个贤慧的妻子。
(3) good意为“新鲜的”,相当于fresh。如:
This meat doesn’t smell quite good.
这肉味不太新鲜了。
(4) good意为“有益的,有帮助的”,常见短语be good for ...,意为“对……有益,有利于……”;其反义词组是be bad for ... ,意为“对……有害,有害于……”。如:
Milk is good for children. 牛奶对小孩有益。
2. 作名词,意为“利益,好处”,常见短语do sb. good,意为“对某人有好处”。如:
Eat more fruit. It will do you good. 多吃水果,这对你有好处。
3. 与good有关的其他常见短语:
(1) be good at ...意为“擅长于……,在……(方面)做得好”,后接名词、代词或v-ing形式作宾语。其同义词组为do well in。如:
Are you good at English?
你英语学得好吗?
They are good at playing football.
他们擅长踢足球。
(2) be good to ... 意为“对……友善”,一般接表示人的代词或名词,其中good可用friendly代替。如:
All the parents are good to their children.
天下所有的父母对自己的子女都很好。
(3) have a good / great time表示“玩得高兴,过得愉快”。其同义词组为enjoy oneself。如:They had a good time in the park.
他们在公园里玩得很高兴。
[相关链接] good与well的区别
在指质量和技艺等方面好时,good是形容词,而well是副词;well用作形容词时,专指身体健康,作表语,意为“(身体)好”。如: It’s a good car, and it runs well. 它是一部好车,跑得不错。
Are you well today? 你今天身体好吗?
Remind
remind是及物动词,意为“提醒,使记起”。
1. remind sb.意为“提醒某人”。如: He reminded me in time just as I would make the same mistake again. 他就在我差一点犯同样的错误时,及时提醒了我。
2. remind sb. to do sth.意为“提醒某人做……”。如:
The teacher reminded us to pay attention to the pronunciation of the new word.
老师提醒我们要注意这个生词的发音。
3. remind sb. of sb. / sth.意为“使某人想起……”。如:
The earrings remind me of my grandma.
这对耳环使我想起了我的奶奶。
4. remind sb. that ... 意为“提醒某人……”。如:
Please remind me that I should bring him a present for his birthday.
请提醒我给他带生日礼物。
provide
1. provide及物动词,意为“提供,供应”。如:
That hotel provides good meals.
那家旅馆供应丰盛的膳食。
2. provide常用于下列结构:
(1) provide sb. with sth. (提供给某人某物) 如:
The managers provided us with a few computers. 经理们向我们提供了几台计算机。
(2) provide sth. for sb. (为某人提供某物) 如:
They provided food and medicine for the refugees. 他们给难民们提供了食品和药品。
continue
continue意为“(使)继续,(使)连续”,既可作及物动词,也可作不及物动词。
1. 作及物动词。如:
Let’s continue our meeting. 咱们继续开会吧。
2. 作不及物动词。如:
Ten minutes later, the class continued.
10分钟后,又上课了。
3. continue to do sth.与continue doing sth., 均可表示“继续做某事”。如:
She continued to play the piano. 她继续弹钢琴。
He continued working though he was ill.
他虽然有病,但一直坚持工作。
consider
consider 是动词,意为“考虑,思考,认为”。常用于下列结构:
1. consider+n. / pron. 如:
We must consider the matter carefully.
我们必须仔细考虑这件事。
2. consider doing sth. 如:
Mr. Wang is considering going to America.
王先生正在考虑前往美国。
3. consider+连接代(副)词+不定式 如:
They should consider what to do next.
他们应该考虑下一步该怎么办。
[友情提示]
consider作“认为”讲时,其后还可跟复合宾语,宾语补足语可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词短语和不定式(多为to be形式)等。如:
I consider myself to be lucky.
我认为自己是幸运的。
as when while
①as意思是“当……时候”,往往强调主句和从句中的动作或事件同时发生,有时译成“一边……一边”。
②when 是普通用语,在表示“当……时候”时,从句中既可用延续性动词,也可用短暂性动作的动词,可以替代as或while。
③while 引导的从句的动作常表示一段较长的时间或一个过程,常用进行时态,强调主句和从句的动作同时发生。注意:while从句中的动作一般是延续性动作的动词。
afford
1. afford是动词,意为“买得起,担负得起”。通常与can, could, be able to连用,尤用于否定句或疑问句中。如:
They couldn’t afford $50 for a ticket.
他们拿不出50美元买一张票。
Can we afford a new car?
我们能买得起一辆新车吗?
2. afford后面常跟带to的动词不定式。如:
We can’t afford to go abroad this summer.
今年夏天我们没有足够的钱出国。
sure
1. sure作副词,表示“当然,的确”,相当于certainly / of course。如:
—Can I borrow these magazines?
我能借这些杂志吗?
—Sure / Certainly / Of course. 当然可以。
2. sure作形容词,常用于以下结构:be sure to do sth.表示说话人确信某人……,以及be sure of / that ...表示某人确信自己……。如:
He is sure to succeed.
他一定会成功。(说话人确信)
strict
1. strict是形容词,意为“严格的,严厉的”,可作表语也可作定语。如:
Our head teacher is very strict, but we still need many strict rules.
我们的班主任非常严格,但是我们还需要许多严格的制度。
2. 我们常见短语be strict with sb.,意为“对某人严格要求”,以及be strict in (doing) sth., 意为“对(做)某事严格要求”。如:
Mr. Smith is very strict with his children.
史密斯先生对他的孩子们要求十分严格。
We should be strict in (doing) our work.
对工作我们应该严格要求。
clean
1. 多作及物动词,有时也可用作不及物动词,意思是“弄干净,擦干净,打扫干净”。如:
Please clean the blackboard. 请把黑板擦干净。
These plates clean easily (=are easy to clean).
这些盘子很容易擦干净。
2. 常用词组:
(1) clean up意思是“收拾整洁,清理,整顿”。如:
The city government has decided to clean up the city. 市已决定要整顿市容。
[友情提示] 可构成合成词:clean-up。如:
I’m going home to have a good clean-up.
我将回家好好收拾一下。
(2) clean out 意思是“把(房间、抽屉等)弄干净整齐,清除”。如:
I asked the children to clean out their drawers.
我让孩子们把他们的抽屉收拾整齐。
[友情提示] 可构成合成词:clean-out。如:
The place needs a good clean-out.
这个地方需要好好清理一下。
turn
1. 作名词,意为“(依次轮到每个人的)机会”。常用于It’s one’s turn to do sth,意为“轮到某人做某事”,以及wait one’s turn,意为“等着轮到某人”。如:
It’s your turn to clean up the classroom.
该你打扫教室了。
You’d better wait your turn to get the ticket.
你最好按顺序等着拿票。
2. 作动词,意为“转弯,转变方向”。如:
The wheel turned slowly.
车轮缓慢地转了个弯。
3. 常见短语动词:
turn on 打开
turn off关掉
turn up调节(收音机等)使音量变大
turn down调节(收音机等)使音量变小
[友情提示] turn还可用作系动词,后面跟形容词作表语。如:
When autumn comes, leaves turn yellow.
当秋天来到的时候,叶子都变黄了。
decide
decide v. 作出决定;下决心(做某事)。后面多跟动词不定式作宾语。如:
She decided not to go alone. 她决定不单独去。
decide的名词形式是decision,固定搭配make a decision意为“作出决定”。如:
She could not make a decision about the dress.
她对(买不买)这件连衣裙下不了决心。
make
【短语搭配】
make a decision 做决定、下决心
make a face 做鬼脸 make a living 谋生
make friends with 与……交友
make fun of 取笑 make... into 把……做成
make mistakes 犯错 make room 让地方、让位置
make noise 发出令人不愉快的声音
make one’s (the) bed 整理床铺
make sure 务必、确保 make up 组成、构成
make up one’s mind 决定 make use of 利用
【考题回放】
( )Nine players _____ the team.
A. make into B. make sure
C. make up D. make a living
way
【短语搭配】
by the way 顺便说(问)一下
in many ways 在很多方面
in this / that way 这样 / 那样
in the (one’s) way 碍事、妨碍
on the (one’s) way to 在……路上
【考题回放】
( )—Where is my father, Mum?
—He is _____ to his office.
A. by the way B. on the way
C. in this way D. in the way
call
【短语搭配】
call back 回电话 call for 要求、需要
call in 找来、请来 call off 取消
call on 拜访 call up 给……打电话
【考题回放】
( )—Don’t forget to give me a ring when you get there.
—OK. I’ll _____ as soon as I arrive.
A. call back B. call up C. call on D. call in
get
【短语搭配】
get along 进展、相处 get away (from) 离开、逃走
get back 回来、收回 get in the way 妨碍
get over 克服、恢复、原谅 get to 到达
get into 进入、陷入 get married 结婚
get off 下车、离开 get together 聚首、欢聚
get on 上车、进展、相处 get out 出去、离开
get up 起床、站起身 get used to 习惯于
get in touch with 和……取得联系
【考题回放】
( )—May I _____ my MP4?
—Sure.
A. get off B. get back C. get on D. get to
keep
【短语搭配】
keep away (from) 避开、不接近 keep back 扣留
keep down 控制 keep in mind 记住
keep off 避开、不接触 keep one’s word 遵守诺言
keep on (doing sth) 继续(做某事)
keep out 不让……进入 keep up 保持
keep up with 跟上、不落在……后面
【考题回放】
( ) —The windows are broken and need repairing.
—I think so. They can hardly _____ the cold now.
A. keep out B. give out
C. take out D. put out
give
【短语搭配】
give away 赠送、分发
give back 还给
give in 让步、投降
give off 散发出
give out 分发、发放
give up 放弃
【考题回放】
He has failed several times, but he won’t _____. (06河北)
A. go on B. come on C. get up D. give up
look
【短语搭配】
look after 照顾 look at 看 look for 寻找
look down on (upon) 看不起、轻视
look forward to 盼望 look into 调查、研究
look out 当心、注意 look over 查看、检查
look through 浏览
look up (在词典或参考书中)查阅(词或资料)
【考题回放】
( )The doctor _____ the crying baby, but he couldn’t find out what was wrong with it.
A. looked over B. looked after
C. looked for D. looked out
fall
【短语搭配】
fall asleep 入睡 fall behind 落后
fall down 跌倒、垮下来 fall in love with 爱上
fall into 落入、陷入 fall to pieces 崩溃、解体
fall into the habit of 养成……习惯
【考题回放】
( )Alone in London, without friends, work, or money, Shelly ____ great difficulty.
A. put into B. fell into
C. turned into D. broke into
run
【短语搭配】
run after 追逐、追求 run away 逃跑、跑掉
run into 遇到、撞上 run off 跑掉、迅速离开
run out of 用完、用尽
【考题回放】
( )We ____ coal and had to burn wood.
A. ran out of B. ran away
C. ran off D. ran into
set
【短语搭配】
a set of 一套 set an example 树立榜样
set fire to 对……放火 set off 动身、激起、引起
set up 建立、创立、开办
【考题回放】
( )The Chinese Communist Party was ____ in 1921.
A. put up B. taken up C. made up D. set up
break
【短语搭配】
break down 损坏、坏掉
break into 破门而入、非法进入
break off 突然终止、中断
break out (战争、火灾等)爆发、突然发生
【考题回放】
( )He ____ in the middle of his story and hurried home.
A. broke down B. broke into
C. broke off D. broke out
time
【短语搭配】
ahead of time 提前 all the time 一直、始终
at a time 每次、一次 at all times 在任何时候、经常
at one time 一度、曾经 at the same time 同时、一起
by the time 到……时候 at the time 那时候
at times有时、间或 behind the times 过时、陈旧
from time to time 不时、有时
have a good / great time 玩得愉快
in time 及时 once upon a time 从前、以前
on time 准时 take one’s time 慢慢来、不着急
time and time again 一再
【考题回放】
( )—Did your father work in a factory ____?
—Yes, but now he works in a bank.
A. at a time B. at one time
C. at the same time D. at all times
carry
【短语搭配】
carry off 叼走、夺走、赢得 carry on 进行、继续下去
carry out 实施、执行
【考题回放】
( )—When did they begin to ____ their plan?
—Last month.
A. carry out B. put out
C. turn out D. look out
catch
【短语搭配】
catch fire 着火 catch hold of 抓住、抓牢
catch sight of 望见 catch up with 赶上、追上
be caught in 遇上、突然遭受
【考题回放】
( )3. He studied so hard that he _____ all his classmates in the end.
A. put up with B. caught up with
C. came up with D. ended up with
point
【短语搭配】
point out 指出 point at 指着
point to 指向、说明很可能会(有)
【考题回放】
( )2. Mr. Wang _____ the danger of doing so.
A. came out B. pointed out
C. worked out D. gave out
unless
unless conj. 除非;若非;如果不。它是个从属连词,引导条件状语从句。由于unless具有否定意义,因此它引导的是个否定的条件。在中学阶段可以把它看作是if ... not的同义表达。值得注意的是,unless从句如同if从句一样也常用一般现在时态表将来。如:
Unless he works hard, he will not pass the final exams.
=If he doesn’t work hard, he will not pass the final exams.
要是他不努力的话,期末考试将会不及格。
I’ll not go to her birthday party unless she invites me in person.
=I’ll not go to her birthday party if she doesn’t invite me in person.
我不会去参加她的生日晚会,除非她亲自邀请我。
take
【短语搭配】
take a holiday / vacation 休假、度假 take an interest in 对……感兴趣
take a ride 兜风 take a shower 淋浴、洗澡
take a walk 散步 take after(在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像
take away 拿走 take care of 照看、照顾
take it easy 从容、轻松、不紧张 take notes 做笔记、做记录
take off 脱掉、起飞 take out 取出
take part in 参加…… take place 发生
take pride in 对……感到自豪
【考题回放】
—Jenny, please _____ your young sister carefully.
—OK, Mum.(06贵州贵阳)
A. take after B. take care of C. take from
put
【短语搭配】
put away 放好、收起来 put down 放下、记下
put off 推迟、拖延 put on 穿上、演出
put out 熄灭 put up 展示、张贴、搭起
【考题回放】
1. We have to _____ our sports meeting till next week because of the heavy rain. (06辽宁锦州)
A. put off B. put on
C. put up D. put down
2. —Jimmy, your books are everywhere on your desk.
—Oh, sorry. I’ll _____ right now. (06江苏南通)
A. put them away B. put them up
C. put them on D. put them down
3. There was a fire in the street last night, but the firemen ______ within twenty minutes. (06广东广州)
A. took it out B. brought it out
C. worked it out D. put it out
4. It’s cold outside. You’d better _____ your warm clothes, Lucy.(06山东济南)
A. put on B. put away C. put up D. put off
have
【主要用法】
1. 用作助动词,构成完成时态,无实义。如:
What have you been doing since then?
2. 用作及物动词,表示“有”,常可与have got替换。如:
I have (got) an English dictionary.
3. 与名词(多与动词同形)连用,表示一种活动或动作。如:
have a talk / look / drink / rest / quarrel
4. 用作及物动词,表示“吃、喝、抽(烟)”。如:
have breakfast / some coffee / a cigarette
5. 用作及物动词,表示“使、让”。
①跟不带to的不定式作宾补,表示“让某人做某事”。如:
She had the little girl live with her.
②跟过去分词作宾补,表示“某事由别人做”。如:
She had her eyes tested yesterday.
③有时也跟现在分词、副词、介词短语作宾补。如:
I can’t have that kind of thing happening.
Will you have him in?
Can I have the children to our house?
【短语搭配】
have fun / a good time / a great time 玩得开心
have to 不得不、必须
have a cold 患感冒 have a go 试一试
【考题回放】
1. —Tina had nothing for breakfast, _____ she?
—_____. She had some bread and milk.(06江苏扬州)
A. had; Yes B. had; No
C. did; Yes D. did; No
2. —Have you finished reading Harry Potter V?
—_____. I still have some pages. (05福建厦门)
A. Yes, I do B. No, I don’t
C. Yes, I have D. No, I haven’t
go
【主要用法】
1. 用作不及物动词,表示“去、离开”。如:
We must go for lunch now.
2. 用作不及物动词,表示“进行、进展”。如:
Everything goes well.
3. 用作系动词,表示“变得(常常指由好变坏)”。如:
Fish soon goes bad in hot weather.
4. 用于have gone to结构,表示“去了某地”。如:
Mr. Wilson isn’t here. He has gone to Wuhan.
5. 用于be going to结构,表示“打算、将要”。如:
He is going to buy her some shoes.
【短语搭配】
go ahead 往前走、做吧、干吧
go by (指时间)过去、消逝
go to sleep 入睡
go for a walk / walks 去散步
go home 回家
go off 离开、(闹钟)响起
go on 继续
go over复习、过一遍
go skating / shopping 去滑冰 / 购物
go to a movie 去看电影
go to bed 上床睡觉
go to school / work 去上学 / 上班
【考题回放】
—Where can I find Jack?
—He _____ the post office.(06湖北武汉)
A. has been to B. had been to
C. has gone to D. had gone to
come
【短语搭配】
come across (无意中)碰到、遇到
come along 跟着来、快点
come back 回来
come down 下来、下降、跌价
come from 来自
come on 赶快、加油
come in 进来
come out 出来、出版、开花、发芽
come over 顺便来访
come true 实现、达到
come up 走过来、走近
come up with 提出
【考题回放】
—Hi, Sam. We’re going for a walk. Would you like to _____?
—Great! Let’s go.(06江西)
A. come along B. come on
C. come out D. come up
