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J267
Issued RATIONALE
This SAE Recommended Practice provides minimum performance requirements and uniform laboratory procedures for fatigue testing of wheels and demountable rims intended for normal highway use on trucks, buses, truck-trailers, and multipurpose vehicles. During the 5 year review we found that dimensions for the wheel test adapter (wheel backup diameter) were missing from the document. SAE J694 was added to the document list. A note was also added to the procedure sections to go to SAE J694 for test adapter dimensions (wheel backup diameter). Appendix B was updated to include current production tires and their slr (static loaded radii). 1. SCOPE
This SAE Recommended Practice provides minimum performance requirements and uniform laboratory procedures for fatigue testing of wheels and demountable rims intended for normal highway use on trucks, buses, truck-trailers, and multipurpose vehicles. For other wheels intended for normal highway use and temporary use on passenger cars, light trucks, and multipurpose vehicles, see SAE J328. For wheels used on trailers drawn by passenger cars, light trucks, or multipurpose vehicles, see SAE J1204. For bolt together military wheels, see SAE J1992. This document does not cover other special application wheels and rims. 2. REFERENCES 2.1
Applicable Publications
The following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. 2.1.1
SAE Publications
Available from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org .SAE J328 Wheels Passenger Cars and Light Truck Performance Requirements and Test Procedures SAE J393 Nomenclature Wheels, Hubs, and Rims for Commercial Vehicles SAE J694 Disc Wheel/Hub or Drum Interface Dimensions Commercial Vehicles SAE J1204 Wheels Recreational and Utility Trailer Test Procedure
SAE J1992
Wheels/Rims Military Vehicles Test Procedures and Performance Requirements
SAE HS 3300 Wheels Standards Manual
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2.1.2 Tire and Rim Association Publication
Available from The Tire and Rim Association, Inc., 175 Montrose West Avenue, Suite 150, Copley, OH 44321.
Yearbook, The Tire and Rim Association, Inc.
2.2 Related Publications
The following publications are provided for information purposes only and are not a required part of this document.
2.2.1 ISO Publications
Available from ANSI, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002, Tel: 212-2-4900, www.ansi.org.
ISO 3006 Road vehicles Passenger car wheels Test methods
ISO 34 Road vehicles Truck wheels/rims Test methods
ISO 3911 Wheel/rims Nomenclature, designation, marking, and units of measurement
2.2.2 OSHA Publication
Available from OSHA Publication Office, Room S-4203, 200 Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20210, www.osha.gov.
OSHA Standard 29 CFR Part 1910.177 Servicing of Multi-Piece and Single-Piece Rim Wheels
3. DYNAMIC CORNERING FATIGUE TEST (FOR DISC WHEELS ONLY)
The test wheels, when subject to the following test procedures, shall meet the minimum performance requirement specified in Table 1.
TABLE 1 - CORNERING FATIGUE TEST
TEST LOAD FACTORS AND CYCLE REQUIREMENTS
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3.1 Equipment
Use a test machine that:
a. Imparts a constant rotating bending moment to the wheel. See Figure 1A or 1B.
b. Maintains the test load within ±3%.
c. Monitors and measures the deflection of the system.
d. Has a rigid load arm shaft.
3.2 Procedure
a. Use a test adapter, studs, and nuts representative of those specified for the wheel. Dimensions for the test adapter
(Wheel backup diameter) can be found in SAE J694.
b. Verify the mating surfaces of the adapter are free of foreign material or excessive wear.
c. Attach the wheel to a rigid load arm shaft and test adapter.
d. Tighten the nuts to the torque specified in Appendix A for the stud size and type of nut. Torque shall be checked and
reset periodically during the course of a test in order to compensate for the "wearing in" of mating surfaces.
e. Clamp the rim securely to the test device.
f. Adjust the system so that shaft runout is not more than 0.25 mm (0.010 in) total indicator reading at the point of
loading.
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SAE J267 Revised DEC2007
- 4 -
FIGURE 1A
FIGURE 1B
FIGURE 1 - CORNERING FATIGUE - 90 DEGREE LOADING METHOD (TYPICAL SETUP)
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SAE
J267 Revised DEC2007 - 5 -
3.3
Test Loading
a. Test Load and Bending Moment Determination The test load is determined by Equation 1:
ø÷Þï±®ßïÚ·¹«®»-»»¿®³
Ó±³»²¬Ó
Ô±¿¼Ì»-¬ã
(Eq. 1)
M is determined by Equation 2:
÷ÍÃø¼÷-´®ø«÷ÅÔøÓõã
(Eq. 2)
where:
M = Bending moment, N-m (lbf-in)
u = Coefficient of friction developed between tire and road, use 0.7 for u. slr = L argest static loaded radius of the tires to be used on the wheel as specified by the current Tire and Rim
Association Yearbook or the vehicle/wheel manufacturer, mm x 10 3 (in). Use the values of slr found in Appendix B.
d = Inset or outset, mm x 10 3
(in). (Positive for inset, negative for outset) of the wheel. If wheel may be used as
inset or outset, use inset. See SAE J393. S = Accelerated test factor. See Table 1.
L = Load rating of the wheel as specified by the wheel manufacturer, N (lbf). b. For minimum cycle life, see Table 1.
c. Apply the test load parallel to a plane through the center of the rim as shown in Figure 1A or 1B. Load may push
against shaft or pull the shaft. 3.4
Test Wheels
Use only fully processed new wheels, which are representative of wheels intended for the vehicle and ready for road use. New wheels/rims and new related components of multi-piece rims will be used for each test. 3.5
Test Criteria/Test Termination
The wheel under test must complete the minimum number of test cycles prior to test termination. The test shall be terminated by the inability of the wheel to sustain load and/or a visually detected fatigue crack penetrating through a section. Broken studs or other parts of the test fixture do not require test termination but may result in damage to the wheel and test invalidation.
4. DYNAMIC RADIAL FATIGUE TEST, DISC WHEELS, AND DEMOUNTABLE RIMS
The test wheels, when subject to the following test procedures, shall meet the minimum performance requirement specified in Table 2. 4.1
Equipment
Use a test machine that:
a. Has a driven rotatable drum, which presents a smooth surface wider than the loaded test tire section width.
b. Has a suggested drum diameter of 1707.06 mm (67.23 in), giving 187.5 revolutions per kilometer (300 revolutions per
mile).c. Imparts a constant load to the wheel. This load must be perpendicular to the surface of the drum and in line radially
with the center of the test wheel and the center of the drum.
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d. Can maintain the test load and inflation within ±3%.
e. Holds the axis of the test wheel and the drum parallel.
TABLE 2 - RADIAL FATIGUE TEST
TEST LOAD FACTORS AND CYCLE REQUIREMENTS
Disc Wheel/Rim Description (All Mountings)
Material Disc Wheel/Rim
Description
(All Mountings)
Rim Diameter
Code
Disc Wheel/Rim
Description
(All Mountings)
Inset/Outset(1)
mm
Disc Wheel/Rim
Description
(All Mountings)
Inset/Outset(1)
in
Performance
Requirements
Accelerated
Test Factor
Performance
Requirements
Minimum
Cycle Life
Ferrous 13, 14, 15, 16,
17
5 degrees Drop
Center All All 2.2
1.8
500 000
1 000 000
Ferrous 15, 17, 18, 20,
22, 24
5 degrees Flat Base
17.5HC, 19.5,
22.5, 24.5
15 degrees Drop
Center All All 2.0
1.9
1.8
1.7
1.6
500 000
600 000
700 000
850 000
1 000 000
Aluminum 16 127 or more 5 or more 2.8
2.0
100 000 1 000 000
Aluminum 17.5 and
larger All All 2.8
2.0
100 000
1 000 000
1. Offset for demountable rims.
4.2 Procedure
a. Select test tires that are representative of the maximum size and type approved by the vehicle or wheel manufacturer
for the wheel under test.
b. Use a test adapter, studs, and nuts (and clamps for demountable rims) that are representative of those specified for
the wheel/rim. Dimensions for the test adapter (Wheel backup diameter) can be found in SAE J694.
c. Mount and inflate the tire to 448 kPa ± 14 kPa (65 psi ± 2 psi) for tires with usage pressure of 310 kPa (45 psi) or
less. For wheels and tires intended for use at higher pressures, use 1.2 times the usage pressure, but not less than 448 kPa ± 14 kPa (65 psi ± 2 psi).
d. Tighten the nuts to the torque specified in Appendix A for the stud size and type of nut. Torque shall be checked and
reset periodically during the course of a test in order to compensate for the "wearing in" of mating surfaces.
e. There may be an increase in inflation pressure during the test. This is normal, but it is permissible to adjust back to
the test pressure.
4.3 Radial Test Loading
a. Radial Load Determination The radial load is determined as follows in Equation 3:
Ô÷Íø
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SAE J267 Revised DEC2007 - 7 -where:
R = Radial load, N (lbf)
S = Accelerated test factor. See Table 2.
L = Load rating of the wheel/rim as specified by the wheel/rim manufacturer, N (lbf)
b. For minimum cycle life, see Table 2.
4.4 Test Wheels
Use only fully processed new wheels/rims which are representative of wheels/rims intended for the vehicle and ready for road use. New wheels/rims and new related components of multi-piece rims will be used for each test.
4.5 Test Criteria/Test Termination
The wheel under test must complete the minimum number of test cycles prior to test termination. The test shall be terminated by the inability of the wheel to sustain load and/or a visually detected fatigue crack penetrating through a section. Failure of the test tire, broken studs, or other parts of the test fixture do not require test termination but may result in damage to the wheel and test invalidation.
5. NOTES
5.1 Marginal Indicia
The change bar (l) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating areas where technical revisions have been made to the previous issue of the report. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the report.
PREPARED BY THE SAE TRUCK AND BUS WHEEL SUBCOMMITTEE
OF THE SAE TRUCK AND BUS BRAKE COMMITTEE
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APPENDIX A
TABLE A1 - TEST TORQUES
Application(1)Thread
Size
Dry Torque(2)
+10%, 0%
N-m
Dry Torque(2)
+10%, 0%
lbf-ft
Disc Wheels
Light Truck
60 degree Cone Nuts M12I 1.5
7/16 20
1/2 20
9/16 18
5/8 18
110
110
110
170
170
80
80
80
125
125
Hub Piloted Mounting 1-piece Nut
9/16 18
11/16 16
160
410
120
300
Hub Piloted Mounting 2-piece nut
9/16 18
5/8 18
3/4 16
7/8 14(3)
7/8 14
M12I 1.75
M14I 1.75
M14I 1.5
M18I 1.5
M20I 1.5
M22I 1.5
170
180
410
480
610
115
180
150
260
380
610
125
130
300
350
450
85
130
110
190
280
450
Hub Piloted Mounting with Clamp Plate and 90 degree Cone Nuts
9/16 18
M14I 1.5
5/8 18
150
150
180
110
110
130
Ball Seat Mounting 3/4 16
1- 1/8 16610
610
450
450
Heavy-Duty Ball Seat Mounting
15/16 12
1- 5/16 12
1020
1020
750
750
Demountable Rims
Studs and Nuts
3/4 10270 200
1. For applications and sizes not shown, use torque recommendations prescribed by the
wheel/rim or vehicle manufacturer.
2. Dry torque means no additional lubricants are applied.
3. Bus Front.
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APPENDIX B
TABLE B1 - STATIC LOADED RADII FOR BENDING MOMENT CALCULATIONS
Size
slr
mm
slr
in Size
slr
mm
slr
in
5 degree Tubeless - 15 degree (continued)
8.25R20 452 17.8 9R22.5 460 18.1
9.00R20 480 18.9 10R22.5 480 18.9
10.00R20 495 19.5 11R22.5 506 19.9
11.00R20 513 20.2 12R22.5 513 20.2
12.00R20 523 20.6 255/70R22.5 439 17.3
14.00R20 569 22.4 275/70R22.5 452 17.8
365/80R20 503 19.8 305/70R22.5 465 18.3
365/70R22.5 498 19.6
11.00R22 539 21.2 245/75R22.5 447 17.6
265/75R22.5 462 18.2
11.00R24 559 22.0 295/75R22.5 485 19.1
12.00R24 572 22.5 235/80R22.5 442 17.4
255/80R22.5 455 17.9
275/80R22.5 478 18.8
295/80R22.5 493 19.4
315/80R22.5 511 20.1
11R24.5 531 20.9 Tubeless - 15 degree12R24.5 539 21.2 9R17.5 391 15.4 285/75R24.5500 19.7 10R17.5399 15.7 305/75R24.5508 20.0 10R17.5HC 409 16.1 275/80R24.5490 19.3 215/75R17.5 363 14.3 Wide Base - Tubeless - 15 degree
445/65R19.5 495 19.5 8R19.5 406 16.0
225/70R19.5 3 15.3 445/50R22.5 483 19.0 245/70R19.5 399 15.7 455/55R22.5 495 19.5 265/70R19.5 404 15.9 385/65R22.5 506 19.9 285/70R19.5 414 16.3 425/65R22.5 526 20.7 305/70R19.5 424 16.7 445/65R22.5 539 21.2
1. For tire sizes not shown, use the slr listed in the individual tire manufacturer s Tire Data Book.
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