| 过去 | |
| past | in times past 在过去; in past years/centuries/ages |
| former | in former times 从前 ; former glory/boss… |
| old | the old days; old school母校; old house 以前的房子 |
| previous | 多用于虚物 marriage |
| earlier | |
| prior | 多用于虚物 arrangement/notcice |
| preceding | the years preceding… …之前的几年 |
| ancient | 古代 |
| 现在 | |
| current | current year |
| present, present day | present situation; at the present time 目前 |
| existent existing | 现行的 存在的 |
| modern | 当代；近代；现代 modern industrial world |
| contemporary | 同时代的，当代的 |
| 将来 | |
| future | in the near future=soon |
| following | |
| intended planned anticipated expected | 打算 预期 intended purpose; intended audience; intended target expected earnings; expected number |
| 坐落 | |
| site | be sited…; the siting of… |
| locate | sb. locate sth….; sth be located… |
| place | the parking areas in the town are few, but strategically placed |
| build | |
| establish | |
| found | |
| set | the house is set in front of them |
| settle | |
| 变化 | |
| change undergo a change | changing attitudes toward; no change |
| alter make alterations to | nothing can alter the fact that… |
| adjust | 调整 |
| improve | 升级 |
| convert | |
| redesign | 重新设计 |
| reconstruct | 重新建造 |
| reorganize | 重新布局 |
| rearrange | 重新安排 |
| vary | |
| 中间 | |
| center/centre | |
| middle mid- | |
| inner | inner London 伦敦市中心 |
| 旋转 | |
| clockwise | a ~ direction |
| anti-clockwise | |
| 常用建筑 | |
| concert hall | |
| city tower | |
| landmark | |
| zebra crossing | |
| side walk/pavement | 人行道 |
| roundabout | 环岛 |
| tunnel | 隧道 |
| flyover | 立交 |
| motorway | 高速公路 |
| crossroads intersection junction | 连接点，十字路口 |
| 计量 | |
| figure | 数字 trade/sales/unemployment figures |
| number | |
| amount | +不可数 |
| quantity | |
| data | |
| level | |
| statistics | |
| information | |
| 上升和下降 | |
| increase-decrease | |
| rise-drop | |
| go up-decline | |
| climb up-climb down | |
| surge | 剧烈上升 share prices surged. soaring costs/prices/temperatures rocketing costs/prices/temperatures unemployment has rocketed up again rocket from…to… |
| soar | |
| rocket | |
| slump | 剧烈下降 sales have slumped this year profits slumped by be slumped/plummeted to |
| plummet | |
| plunge | |
| ascend-descend | the results, ranked in ascending/descending order |
| expand-shrink | 扩张 缩小 the market for their products is shrinking |
| fall | be fallen by… continue to fall (on)… adj. falling |
| jump up | |
| sink | 降到最低 be sink to its lowest… |
| dip | be dipped from…to… |
| 持平 | |
| remain the same | |
| remain stable | |
| remain constant | |
| 副词 剧烈 | |
| quickly | |
| greatly | |
| significantly | |
| dramatically | |
| sharply | |
| rapidly | |
| considerably | |
| substantially | |
| drasticcally | |
| 副词 缓和 | |
| slowly | |
| gently | |
| subtly | |
| slightly | |
| 副词 平稳 | |
| regularly | |
| smoothly | |
| gradually | |
| steadily | |
| stably | |
| 副词 波动 | |
| fluctuate | during the crisis, oil prices fluctuated between 20 and 40 a barrel temperatures can fluctuate by as much as 10 degrees |
| 精确度 | |
| approximately | 大约 |
| about | |
| around | |
| roughly | |
| nearly | |
| exactly | 精确地 |
| accurately | |
| precisely | |
| above | 超过 |
| beyond | |
| over | |
| more than | |
| no less than | |
| under | 不足 |
| below | |
| less than | |
| 极值 | |
| peak (at) | 顶峰 oil production peaked in the early 1980s. … peaked at 17% |
| bottom out at | 低谷 |
| turning point | 转折点 |
| highest/lowest point | |
| 占据 | |
| occupy | |
| make up | |
| take up | |
| account for the largest/smallest proportion |
In/around 1990
From 2009 onwards/backwards 2009年以前/以后
Over the ten-year period between…
In the following+时间
Since the early 1990s
Preps
Increase from 10 to 20
Reach a peak at/of/with …
Drop by…, a decrease of…
雅思小作文模板句必备50句型
A
1.the table shows the changes in the number of...over the period from...to... 该表格描述了在...年之...年间...数量的变化。
2.the bar chart illustrates that... 该柱状图展示了...
3.the graph provides some interesting data regarding... 该图为我们提供了有关...有趣数据。
4.the diagram shows (that)... 该图向我们展示了...
5.the pie graph depicts (that).... 该圆形图揭示了...
6.this is a cure graph which describes the trend of... 这个曲线图描述了...的趋势。
7.the figures/statistics show (that)... 数据(字)表明...
8.the tree diagram reveals how... 该树型图向我们揭示了如何...
9.the data/statistics show (that)... 该数据(字)可以这样理解...
10.the data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that... 这些数据资料令我们得出结论...
11.as is shown/demonstrated/exhibited in the diagram/graph/chart/table... 如图所示...
12.according to the chart/figures... 根据这些表(数字)...
13.as is shown in the table... 如表格所示...
14.as can be seen from the diagram, great changes have taken place in... 从图中可以看出，...发生了巨大变化。
15.from the table/chart/diagram/figure, we can see clearly that...or it is clear/apparent from the chart that... 从图表我们可以很清楚(明显)看到...
16.this is a graph which illustrates... 这个图表向我们展示了...
17.this table shows the changing proportion of a & b from...to... 该表格描述了...年到...年间a与b的比例关系。
18.the graph, presented in a pie chart, shows the general trend in... 该图以圆形图形式描述了...总的趋势。
19.this is a column chart showing... 这是个柱型图，描述了...
20.as can be seen from the graph, the two curves show the fluctuation of... 如图所示，两条曲线描述了...的波动情况。
21.over the period from...to...the...remained level. 在...至...期间，...基本不变。
22.in the year between...and... 在...年到...期间...
23.in the 3 years spanning from 1995 through 1998... 1995年至1998三年里...
24.from then on/from this time onwards... 从那时起...
25.the number of...remained steady/stable from (month/year) to (month/year). ...月(年)至...月(年)...的数量基本不变。
26.the number sharply went up to... 数字急剧上升至...
27.the percentage of...stayed the same between...and... ...至...期间...的比率维持不变。
28.the figures peaked at...in(month/year) ...的数目在...月(年)达到顶点，为...
29.the percentage remained steady at... 比率维持在...
30.the percentage of...is sightly larger/smaller than that of... ...的比例比...的比例略高(低)。
31.there is not a great deal of difference between...and... ...与...的区别不大。
32.the graphs show a threefold increase in the number of... 该图表表明...的数目增长了三倍。 33....decreased year by year while...increased steadily. ...逐年减少，而...逐步上升。
34.the situation reached a peak(a high point at) of[%]. ...的情况(局势)到达顶(高)点，为...百分点。 35.the figures/situation bottomed out in... 数字(情况)在...达到底部。
36.the figures reached the bottom/a low point/hit a trough. 数字(情况)达到底部(低谷)。
37.a is ...times as much/many as b. a是b的...倍。
38.a increased by... a增长了...
39.a increased to... a增长到...
40.high/low/great/small/ percentage. 比低高(低)
41.there is an upward trend in the number of... ...数字呈上升趋势。
42.a considerable increase/decrease occurred from...to... ...到...发生急剧上升。
43.from...to...the rate of decrease slow down. 从...到...，下降速率减慢。
44.from this year on，there was a gradual decline reduction in the...,reaching a figure of... 从这年起，...逐渐下降至...
45.be similar to... 与...相似
46.be the same as... 与...相同
47.there are a lot similarities/differences between...and... ...与...之间有许多相似(不同)之处
48.a has something in common with b a于b有共同之处。
49.the difference between a and b lies in... a与b之间的差别在于...
50...(year)witnessed/saw a sharp rise in... ...年...急剧上升。
雅思写作中同义词的运用
要提高雅思作文的分数，靠复杂的句式和生僻词不是唯一的方法，我们可以采用同义词替换让文章显得更加活泼、有变化。本文列举了36个同义词和短语的替换方法，希望大家可以熟记。
1 重要的：
Key（关键）, crucial（关键）, +factor issue decision point importance, it is crucial that…
critical, important,
significant（意义重大,明显）, significant discovery, it is significant that 很明显……
vital（必要）, indispensable（必不可少,不可或缺）, the vitamins that are vital for health, it is vital that
substantial（大量）,
imperative（迫切的）
2 损害： Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize
3 给与：Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford
4 培养：：Develop, cultivate, foster
5 优势：Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength
6 缺陷：Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness
7 使迷惑：Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle
8 解决: Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle
9 认为：Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced
10 保护：Protect, conserve, preserve
11 确保：Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge
12 有害的： Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental
13 要求 ：Request, demand, needs, requisition
14 消除 ：Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away
15 导致： Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate
16 因此：So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this
17 增长至：Grow to，rise to，increase to，go up to，climb to，ascend to，jump to，shoot to
18降低至：Dip to，fall to，decline to，decrease to，drop to，go down to，reduce to， slump to，descend to，sink to，slide to
19保持稳定：Level out，do not change，remain stable，remain still，remain steady，be stable，maintain the same level，remain unchanged，be still，remain the same level，stay constant，keep at the same level，level off，stabilize，keep its stability，even out
20 急剧地：Dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply，substantially，considerably，significantly，markedly，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably
21平稳地：Steadily，smoothly，slightly，slowly，marginally，gradually，moderately，mildly
22 宣称：Allege, assert, declare, claim
23 发生：Happen, occur, take place
24 原因：Reason, factor, cause
25 发展：Development, advance, progress
26 有益的：Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding， advantageous
27 影响：Influence, impact, effect
28 明显的：Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear
29 占：Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose
30 与…相比：Compared with，compared to，in comparison with，in comparison to，by comparison with，by comparison to
31 对比而言：By contrast，in contrast，on the other hand，on the contrary=，conversely
32 展示：Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe
33 大约：Approximately，almost，about，around，nearly，roughly
34 换言之：Namely，that is to say，in other words，to put it like this，to put it differently，to put it from another way，to put it from another angle.
35 事实上：Practically，in practice，essentially，in essence，in reality，in effect，in fact，as a matter of fact，it is a fact that
36 波动：Fluctuate，go ups and downs，display a fluctuation，demonstrate a fluctuation
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