
名同可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾(主)语补足语、状语、同位语等成分。
名词作主语、宾语
名词作表请、宾(主)语补足语
He was appointed ambnasador to Great Britain.
名词作定语
名词作定语时涌常要使用单数形式,如:evening paper, night club, Jam分tree, heart
trouble, srierwe fiction, fire wall等,但有时也要用复数形式,如:.eporls car, careers guidance,
savings bank等。
名词作状语
名饲作同位语
He a famous writer, is easy to get along with.
三、名词的数
1.可效名词的效
(I)规则变化的可数名词复数形式
I)大多数可数名词的复数是在单数名词后加‘。
desk—dcsks day—days
2) El字母x, s, eh.ah结尾的可数名词,在词尾坏es.
bus-buses box-boxes watch--.watches brush-.brushes
J)以辅音字母加y结尾的可数名同.改y为i.再加。
6)字母、数字和缩略词的友数形式
a-ta'sa s--",Os
4-.four4's/4s 4个
(2)不规则变化的可数名词复数形式
1)有些单数名闭翅过改变内部元音变为复数形式。
foot-.feet mouse--.mice
wOman--women goose-.geese
2)单数名词通过词尼加比变为复数形式,
3)一些外来词仍保留原语言中变化形式。
crisis-+criacs analysis-analyses
backri m-,cteria crite6on-.criteria
index-indices diagnosis-diagnosas
字母,
20 年代- 90年代
大人物
basis,-bias
phenomenon -.phenomena
formula-.formulae
stimulus-stimuli
不可致名询的欲
一般来说,不可数名同只有单效形式,没有复数形式,但可以通过使用单位词的方
式表示个体、群体、行为或状态‘
用单位词表示个体。
a plecehheet of paper a slice of meal/cake a loa即iece of bread
a bar of chooolate/gold a cake of soap a lump of sugar
a flash of lightning an artlcle of clothing a cube of ice
a bottle of beer/juice a tin of beer a basket of fruit
二tube of toothpaste a handful of sand a dmp/mouthjul of water
a grain of rice a kilo of sugar a game of football
a piece of news'advice a species of insect a pair of shoesfleanslsocks
用单位饲表示群体.更多地用T复数可数名词.
a crew of sailor a troop of soldiers a host of friends
a gang of thieves a crowd of people a pack of wolves
。刀ark of abceplbirds a school of whale., a二of bees
a herd of elephants a set of forniturelequipment a shefof books
a string of pearls a bouquet of flowers a bunch of grapes
用单位词表示行为或状态。
a ray of hope ar of anger/coughing a burst of applause
a flash of lightning a shower of criticism an attack of fever
an act of kindness a stroke of luck a peal of laughter
蟹合名词的数
复合名伺是由两个或两个以上的词构成的。有些复合名词中词与词之间用连字符连
接,有的则不用。有些复食名词是可数名词,因此也响复数形式。
名词十名词构成的复合名问.将第二个名词变成复致。
traffic light-.traffic lights blood type--.blood types
men-ester-+ man-caters heir-style-.hair-styles
shoemnLrpr}shcem2t!-% 100+*++9n-.footmen
名词十介词+名词构成的复合名词.将第一一个名词变成复致。
son-in-law- sons-in-law editor-in-chief, editors-ia-chief
man-of-war-.mcn-of-war coodin-arms-.comrades-in-arms
其他词类+名词构成的复合名词,将名词变成复数。
reenhous -+grcenhrnucs reing-mom-.rea –rooms
dark-room--.dark-rooms Iooker-on-+Iookers-on
runner-up-mums-up bride-to-be-.tnides-to-be
(4)其他词类构成的复介名词,通常把最后一个词变成复数。
比wccn-.go-bctwecnsgrox11-叩"grown-ups
stand-by-stand-bys good-for-nothing-.good-for-nothings
get-together-get-togethcrs outlook--"outloola
income-incomes hnld-up--.hold-ups
forget-me-not-forget-me-nots toach-me-not-touch-me-nots
(5)由二。或woman构成的复合名词,要把两个t'.1都变成复数。
man-servant---men-servants woman doctor-women doctors
注意
‘单岌效形式相同的名坷的效
有些名i可单复数形式相同,既可用作单数,也可用作复数。
·sheep--sheep deer deer aircraft-iaircraft
xans-means series-'seies work,一,works
species--species fish .fish Chinese-Chinese
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