2005-2013年北京中考英语真题汇编—任务型阅读

任务型阅读

【05年】

Jason Queally is one the fastest men in the world on

bicycle. But do you really call the thing in the picture a

bicycle? Well, yes. Jason’s human-powered (人力的)

machine, with its two wheels, is, of course, a bicycle.

Every year, a very important human-powered bicycle

race is held in Nevada, USA. The speed of a bike is measured (测定) for only 200 metres, but players take more than a kilometer to get their bikes going fast. Jason Queally’s fastest speed for the 200-metre race was 103.5 kilometres an hour.

As this year’s race, Jason failed to reach the finishing line. He was speeding along at about seventy kilometers an hour when he began to lose control (控制) of his bike. When he tried to slow down, it began to smoke. Soon the inside of his bike was filled with smoke. He couldn’t see, and he couldn’t breathe. At seventy kilometers an hour, a crash (撞击) could be very serious. Jason was frightened, but he managed to stop the bike safely. He would repair his bicycle and try again another time to be the world’s fastest man on a bike. Better luck next time, Jason.

Maybe you’re surprised that these bikes go so quickly, but is it useful? It could be. Cars are becoming more and more popular, and they are very safe, comfortable and easy to drive, but they also pollute the air in our cities. Scientists and engineers are learning from fast racing bikes how to make human-powered vehicles (车辆) that might be useful for daily travel.

11. Is Jason’s human-powered machine a bicycle?

12. How often is the human-powered bicycle race held in Nevada?

13. Did Jason stop his bike safely or was he badly hurt?

14. Why did he lose this year’s race?

15. What’s the best vehicle for daily travel like according to the writer?

【06年】

Americans love sports—they love to play them, to watch them on television, and to talk about them. But this hobby sometimes has serious results—at least to the players. For example, when people play tennis, sometimes they hurt their elbow（肘部）and in this way they develop “tennis elbow”. Also it is easy to hurt a knee in a football game. These injuries（损伤）happen while the player is having fun, but they still hurt.

A few months ago, Kathleen Simmons, who loves playing volleyball, hurt her knee in a volleyball game. Her doctor told her that she needed a very difficult operation（手术）or she might not be able to play again. She felt very sad and didn’t know what to do.

Then Simmons learned about “video operation”. With the help of this new science in medicine, doctors can now repair many injuries and get people back on the playing field and back to their jobs much faster. Simmons found a hospital that was using this new science and went to see the doctor there. The doctors told her the operation could help.

For this operation, her doctor didn’t have to open her knee. Instead he put a very small camera lens（镜头）inside her knee. The lens sent back pictures, which appeared on a television screen. As he worked, he could see the inside of her knee on the TV. With the help of the large pictures on the screen, the doctor knew exactly what to do when he was making the repairs.

Simmons started walking five days after her operation. “My knee hurt a lot the first few days,” she said. “But I felt better very quickly.” Now, six months after her operation, Simmons can do everything she did before her injury. “It feels like a new knee,” she said. “I can even play volleyball again.”

11. Do Americans love sports?

12. What sport is Simmons interested in?

13. What did the doctor put inside Simmons’ knee?

14. What problem may people have when they play sports?

15. What’s the advantage（优点）of the new science?Body and health Health watchers say that in many countries people will get taller. We will also get heavier. This is because we’re eating more junk food（垃圾食品）and exercising less. However, we may not have to diet（节食）in the future. Scientists are trying to find a new way to help us. Just wait!

Where to work In 20 to 30 years’ time, only 20% of people will work in an office, and more of us will work at home. But that doesn’t mean we’ll be able to watch TV all day. With videophones and webcams（网络摄像机）, the manager will be able to keep in touch and see exactly what we’re doing. Uh-oh.

Online…all the time Before long, we’ll all be on the Internet—all the time. Everything will have inventions that connect us to the Internet. For example, with very small cameras in your sunglasses, you can take a picture and send it to a friend.

Modern homes By the 2030s most homes will be fully “modern”. The computer can help us do lots of things just when we make a phone call home. Scanners in your fridge will read the bar codes on food bags, and then tell you when the food goes bad. Even better, your fridge will go online to order food when it’s empty. No more shopping!

More brain（大脑）power Scientists say they’ll be able to build a computer that is like a human brain by 2020. Robots with these man-made brains will do many jobs that humans do today. Road travel should become safer because cars will control（控制）themselves. So by the 2030s, there won’t be any more car accidents. We’ll be able to put computer chips（芯片）in the human brain to make us cleverer and increase our knowledge. But soon computers will become cleverer than people. Some scientists say that by 2050, computers may even take control of our lives. Terrible, huh?

11. Will people have to diet in the future?

12. Will most people work at home or in an office in 20 to 30 years’ time?

13. What can help you take and send a picture in the future?

14. Why is the future traffic safer?

15. What will life be like in the future?

【08年】

The Amazon rainforest is home to millions of different kinds of animals, plants, and birds. Most of the world’s fresh water is here and the forest plants clean the Earth’s air every day.

Chico was born near the Amazon town, Brazil, in 1944 and started working when he was very young. Like the rest of his family, the boy got the money by taking a little rubber from the trees in the forest. (The trees are not hurt when the rubber is taken.) The forest and its people lived together comfortably and peacefully.

But some people think too much about themselves and never think about the future. In 1980, the forest was burned to build roads, houses and factories. Chico was angry; he wanted to save the forest! He talked to the government workers, but they didn’t listen to him. They were still clearing the rainforests to make quick, easy money. “Many voices are stronger than one,” he thought, so Chico held group meetings. He discovered that hundreds of people agreed with him. His hope grew. More people came together to try to stop the work of the forest clearers. Large areas of the forest were saved. Later he traveled to many other countries for international help. People soon became very much interested in this brave Brazilian. In the next few years Chico’s name became famous all over the world. The government of Brazil started making plans to protect large areas of the Amazon rainforest.

But as Chico’s dreams started coming true, someone stopped him in the only possible way. The famous forest fighter was murdered right outside his home on December 22, 1988. Chico’s life was cut short, but his brave new ideas continued in other people. One man changed the world’s ideas. After his death, people around the world sent money to help Chico’s work.

1. Was Chico born in Brazil?

2. How did young Chico get money?

3. How many things did Chico do after the forest was burned?

4. When was Chico murdered?

5. What did Chico achieve in his life?One cool April 22 morning, people started the day as usual. Yet

it was not a normal day. What’s so special about April 22? The

answer is simple. It is Earth Day. People all over the world celebrate

this important day. The idea of having a special day to celebrate

Earth began in the 1960s. Life was very different then. Few people

talked or even thought about the environment. Most people had no

idea how dirty our air and water were.

On April 22, 1970, twenty million (百万) Americans joined the

first Earth Day activities. They showed that people really did want

to do something about the environment. Since then laws have been

passed to protect the air, water, land, and animals.

The vehicles such as cars and buses you ride in must pass tests to make sure they don’t cause too much pollution. Thanks to this law, cars today release (排放) about half as many bad chemicals as cars did back in 1970. As a result, the air we breathe is cleaner than it once was.

Rivers and lakes are also cleaner today than they were in the 1970s. It’s a good thing because they needed a lot of help. The Cuyahoga River in Ohio was so polluted that rubbish and oil on the river even caught fire! Today, the river is cleaner. It no longer burns. It’s healthy enough for birds, fish, and other animals.

Now the celebration has spread to other countries. More than 175 countries take part each year.

In 2007, people in China paid much attention to a big problem. People were throwing away 27 million plastic bags a day! People had “Bye-Bye Throwaway Culture Week.”They wanted everyone to see how polluted it was to throw away so many plastic bags. In 2008, China passed new laws against them.

Every April 22, millions get together to clean and protect Earth. They also celebrate how far we have come. Our job is to put this knowledge to work. You can help keep our planet healthy too!

75. Is Earth Day on April 22?

76. What caught fire on the Cuyahoga River?

77. How many countries take part in the celebration each year now?

78. Why did Chinese people have “Bye-Bye Throwaway Culture Week”?

79. What are the purposes of celebrating the Earth Day?

【10年】

Chinatown is the name given to an area in the middle of London. It is just between Leicester Square and Shaftsbury Avenue. Gerrard Street is at the center and is the most important street in the area. There is a large Chinese community(社区) with a lot of Chinese restaurants, Chinese supermarkets and shops in this street.

In the 1950s, it was a poor area and everything was very cheap. At the same time, the world rice market changed and thousand of farm workers in Hong Kong lost their jobs. They began arriving in London to look for work. They found jobs in the restaurants in this area. Many British people like Chinese food, and the restaurants were popular.

These restaurant workers often worked 17 hours a day and had no time to learn English. As more Chinese arrived, more shops and businesses grew up. Wives came and joined their husbands and children came and joined their fathers. The community grew, and Chinatown was born.

In the 1970s and 1980s, British-born Chinese started to have a better education and this brought economic(经济的) success to the area. Many families moved out of Chinatown, and there was more space for businesses. Gerrard Street become a street only for visitors and was soon a popular place for tourists.

Now everyone knows about London’s Chinatown. During the Chinese New Year, the streets are seen with flags and thousands of Chinese go into the streets. For most of the year, though, Londoners and tourists go there mainly for the food in the Chinese restaurants. They best restaurants are the ones where the Chinese eat.

65. Is this Chinatown in the middle of London?

66. Was the area rich or poor in the 1950s?

67. Why did the restaurant workers have not time to learn English?

68. When did British-born Chinese start to have a better education?

69. What are the main points about Chinatown in this passage?We need to be responsible for our environment. Being a frugal consumer(节俭的消费者) is one way to help. But, what exactly does that mean?

Use It Up

You can use things up instead of wasting them. Squeeze that last bit of

toothpaste out of the rube. Use the last little piece of soap. Don’t throw away

any bits of the biscuit at the bottom of the box.

Wear It Out

You do not always need to have new things. Suppose your sneakers have

broken laces, but they still fit you. Repair them and wear them longer. You don’t

have to have the latest iPhone until the old one doesn’t work any more. Then

you can get a new one. Think twice before replacing something that still works.

Make It Do

When something you want is not on hand, look for something else that you already have to take its place. Suppose you are packing your lunch for tomorrow and want a butter sandwich. You are out of butter. Have a cheese sandwich instead so that you can use all of the cheese. Learn to fix broken boys instead of just throwing them away. With a little thought, you can make something do, instead of buying something new.

Do Without

Think about all those things that you would like to have. Do you really need them? How long will you really play with that new toy you saw on TV? Making the things that we want uses up our world’s resources(资源). And, getting rid of the things we don’t want any more takes up even more resources and space.

65. Do we need to be responsible for our environment?

66. How do we deal with the last little piece of soap?

67. When do we need to get a new iPhone?

68. What should we do when something we want is not on hand?

69. What does the writer want to tell us?

【12年】

Every year, wildfires(野火) destroy much forest land. Homes are broken down, and thousands of people die. Smokejumpers are stop helping to stop this.

Smokejumpers are a special kind of firefighter. They jump from places into areas that difficult to reach by car or on foot. They race to put out fires as fast as they can.

At a fire site, Smokejumpers first examine the land and decide how to fight the fire. Their main goal is to stop fire from spreading. Using basic tools such as shovels and axes, smokejumpers clear land of burnable material like plants and other dry material. They carry water with them too, but not much.

Although most smokejumpers are men, more women are joining. Most important are your weight and height. Smokejumpers in the U.S. for example, must be 54 to 91 kilograms, so they don’t get hurt when they land, or get blown by strong winds.

Smokejumpers must be able to live in the wilderness. in Russia ,many smokejumpers know how to find food in the forest and even make simple furniture from trees.

They work is dangerous, the hours are long. But for these firefighters, smokejumper isn’t just a job. They love being able to jump out of planes, fight fires, and live in the forest. As 28-year-old Russian smokejumpers Alexi Tishin says, “This is the best job for the strong and brave.”

. What are Smokejumpers?

65. Where do the jump from?

66. What’s their main goal?

67. Why should they have proper weight?

68. What’s needed to be a smokejumpers?Camping in your backyard is full of fun, whatever your age. It's great for keeping us relaxed. It offers chances to check the night sky and to be noisier than usual. It lets us have friends over to stay who might not fit inside the house! Follow these instructions and you'll have a night you’ll never forget!

Put up your tent.

Depending on the number of family members and guests, you may need more than one tent. Tell your friends to bring their tents if needed. Follow the instructions or check out the articles on how to put up a tent on the Internet.

Prepare your bedding.

You'll want your guests to be able to relax in comfort. Put something soft to lie on on the floor: A blow-up air mattress or thick comforters may work well. Fill the tent with soft toys and blankets (毯子). Have lightweight sleeping bags or cotton blankets. They are especially important if you live where the night temperatures drop greatly.

Prepare a seating area.

If you have a picnic table, that would work best. If not, set up a few chairs and a small table to set out drinks and food. A simple choice is to lay out a blanket in the sun, so that your friends can eat a nd talk. Be sure the grass isn’t wet!

Make memories.

Plan some activities. You're camping in the backyard, so it's

time to make the most of being outdoors.

Have a camera nearby to take silly photos of you, your family

members, and your friends. Take one large group shot with everyone

smiling and laughing. Be sure to make copies for everyone!

. Is camping in the backyard great fun?

65. What can we do to help relax our guests?

66. What is a simple choice to prepare a seating area?

67. How do we make memories?

68. What is the passage mainly about?