
George Orwell
词汇:
1.thread (v.) : pass through by twisting,turning,or weaving in and out穿过,通过
2.pomegranate (n.) : a round fruit with a red,leathery rind and many seeds covered with red,juicy,edible flesh;the bush or small tree that bears it石榴;石榴树
3.chant (n.) : a simple liturgical song in which a string of syllables or words is sung to each tune(礼拜仪式唱的)单调的歌
4.bier (n.) : a platform or portable framework on which a coffin or corpse is placed棺材架;尸体架
5.hack (v.) : break up(1and)with a hoe,mattock,etc.(用锄等)翻地,挖(土)
6.oblong (adj.) : longer than broad;elongated长方形的
7.lumpy (adj.) : full of lumps;covered with lumps多块状物的;凹凸不平的
8.hummocky (a.) : full of or looking like low,rounded hills布满小丘的;似小圆丘的
9.derelict (adj.) : deserted by the owner;abandoned;forsaken无主的;被遗弃的
10.lot (n.) : a plot of ground一块地
11.undifferentiated (adj.) : without clear qualities or distinctive characteristics无区别的;无显著特点的
12.mound (n.) : a heap or bank of earth,sand,etc.built over a grave,in a fortification,etc.土堆;堤;坟堆
13.prickly (adj.) : full of prickles多刺的
14.prickly pear : any of a genus of cactus plants having cylindrical or large,flat,oval stem joints and edible fruits仙人掌(属)
15.bumpy (adj.) : full of bumps;rough;jolting崎岖不平的;颠簸的;震摇的
16.gazelle (n.) : any of various small,swift,graceful antelopes瞪羚
17.hindquarter (n.) : either of the two hind legs and the adjoining loin of a carcass of veal,beef,lamb,etc.;[p1.]the hind part of a four—legged animal(牛、羊、猪等 的)后腿肉;[复](四肢动物的)后躯
18.nibble (v.) : take small,cautious,or gentle bites小口地咬;谨慎地咬(啃)
19.butt (v.) : strike or push with the head or horns:ram with the head(用头或角)撞击;顶撞
20.mid—air (n.) : any point in space,not in contact with the ground or other surface空中;上空
21.navvy (n.) : n unskilled laborer,as on canals,roads,etc.劳工;无特殊技术的工人
22.sidle (v.) : move sideways,esp.in a shy or stealthy manner(羞怯或偷偷地)侧身行走
23.stow (v.) : pack or store away;fill by packing in an orderly way装载;装进;收藏 municipality n.a city,town. etc.having its own incorporated government for local affairs自治市(或镇)
24.ghetto (n.) : (in certain European cities)a section to which Jews were formerly restricted(某些欧洲城市中从前的)犹太人居住区
25.sore (adj.) : giving or feeling physical pain;painful疼痛的;感到疼痛的
26.skull—cap (n.) : a light,closefitting,brimless cap,usually worn indoors(室内戴的)无沿便帽
27.infest (v.) : overrun or inhabit in large numbers,usually so as to be harmful or bothersome;swarm in or over(虫害等)侵扰;骚扰;蔓延
28.booth (n.) : a stall for the sale of goods,as at markets or fairs(市场或集市上的)货摊;摊店,摊棚
29.prehistoric (adj.) : pertaining to ancient times,very old-fashioned老式的;古旧的
30.warp (v.) : become bent or twisted out of shape变弯曲;变歪
31.frenzied (adj.) : full of uncontrolled excitement疯狂的,狂乱的
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clamour (v.) : make a loud confused noise or shout;cry out喧嚷,喧嚣,吵闹
32.grope (v.) : feel or search about blindly,hesitantly,or uncertainly摸索;探索
33.self-contained (adj.) : having within oneself or itself all that is necessary;self-sufficient,as a community自给自足的
34.witchcraft (n.) : the power or practices of witches: black magic;sorcery巫术;魔法
35.square (adj.[colloq.]) : satisfying;solid;substantial[口]令人满意的;充实的
36.conspicuous (adj.) : attracting attention by being unexpected,unusual,outstanding惹人注目的,显眼的
37.grove (n.) : orchard果园
38.legionnaire (n.) : a member of a legion军团的成员
39.back—breaking (adj.) : requiring great physical exertion;very tiring费劲的;辛苦的,累人的
40.desolate (adj.) : uninhabited;deserted荒无人烟的,荒凉的
41.lucerne (n.) : a type of plant whose leaves grow in groups of three and which is used for feeding farm animals紫花苜蓿
42.fodder (n.) : gorse food for cattle,horses,sheep,etc. as cornstalks,hay and straw(牛、马、羊的)粗饲料;饲草
43.yoke (v.) : put a yoke on;join together;link用轭连起;连合;连结
44.harrow (n.) : a heavy frame with spikes or sharp—edged disks,drawn by a horse 0r tractor and used for breaking up and leveling plowed ground,covering seeds,rooting up weeds,etc.耙
45.furrow (n.) : a narrow groove made in the ground by a plow沟,畦;犁沟
46.trickle (n.) : the act of trickling;a slow,small flow滴,淌;细流 ;
47.subsoil (n.) : the layer of soil beneath the surface soil底土,下层土,
48.mummify (v.) : shrivel or dry up干瘪;枯干;成木乃伊状
49.hobble (v.) : go unsteadily,haltingly,etc.蹒跚
50.leathery (adj.) : 1ike leather in appearance or texture. tough and flexible(外观或质地)似皮革的;坚韧的,粗硬的
51.infuriate (v.) : cause to become very angry;enrage(使)发怒,激怒
52.damnably (adv.) : execrably该诅咒地;极坏地
53.packsaddle (n.) : a saddle with fastenings to secure and balance the load carried by a pack animal驮鞍
54.bridle (n.) : a head harness for guiding a horse马勒
55.halter (n.) : a rope,cord,strap,etc.,usually with a headstall,for tying or leading an animal;a bit less headstall,with or without a lead rope缰绳;(马)笼头
56.gut (n.[usu.in p1.]) : the bowels;entrails[常用复]内脏
57.plight (n.) : condition or state of affairs;esp,now, an awkward.sad,or dangerous situation情况;状态;(现尤指)苦境;困境或险境
58.gall (v.) : injure or make sore by rubbing;chafe擦伤,擦痛;磨
59.stork (n.) : any of a family of large,long—legged,mostly old—world wading birds.having a long neck and bill,and related to the herons鹳
60.reach-me—down (adj.[colloq.]) : second—hand or ready—made(衣服)用旧的;别人用过的;现成的
61.khaki (adj.) : made of khaki(cloth)卡其(布)制的
62.squash (v.) : force one’s way;squeeze挤进,挤入
63.slump (v.) : have a drooping posture or gait低头弯腰(而行);消沉
.inquisitive (adj.) : inclined to ask many questions or seek information;eager to learn好询问的;好奇的
65.syphilis (n.) : an infectious venereal disease,caused by a spirochete and usually transmitted by sexual intercourse or acquired congenitally梅毒
66.garrison (n.) : troops stationed in a fort or fortified place驻军;卫戍
67.charger (n.) : a horse ridden in battle or on parade战马, 军马
短语:
68.square meal: a complete and satisfying meal美餐丰盛的、令人满足
69.in a cloud: a large number of small things moving through the air as amass一团
例: a cloud of locusts一群蝗虫
70.get at: to approach or reach到达,得到
例: You have to use a little ladder to get at the jars on the top shelves.你得使用一把小梯才可以拿到架子上面的坛子。
71.next door to: almost the same as几乎
例: Leaving a man to die is next door to murder.让一个人等死无异于谋杀。
72.in this connection: while speaking of such things关于这一点,就此而论
73.it doesn’t matter twopence: it doesn’t matter a bit无关紧要
例: It doesn’t matter twopence if he doesn’t accept the invitation.他接不接受邀请都不要紧。
Figure of Speech (2)
1 The little crowd of mourners –all men and boys, no women—threaded their way across the market place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels, wailing a short chant over and over again.—elliptical sentence
2 A carpenter sits cross-legged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lightning speed.—historical present, transferred epithet
3 Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.—synecdoche
4 As the storks flew northward the Negroes were marching southward—a long, dusty column, infantry, screw-gun batteries, and then more infantry, four or five thousand men in all, winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels.—onomatopoetic words symbolism
5 Not hostile, not contemptuous, not sullen, not even inquisitive.—elliptical sentence
6 And really it was like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column, a mile or two miles of armed men, flowing peacefully up the road, while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction, glittering like scraps of paper.—simile
