Study＆Practice
Ⅱ. Paragraph Analysis
1. a 2. c 3. b 4. c 5 .b 6 .c
Ⅲ.Vocabulary Activities
1.
1) given 2) at a glance 3)fluency 4）Given 5) hopefully 6) define
7）looked(him)up 8) no good 9)context 10)guidance
11) immediate 12) disgust 13) come across 14)recognition
15)scope
2.
1) washed his hands of 2) given 3) was confronted with 4) countering
5) were reduced to eating 6) at a glance 7) took refuge in
8) less practicable 9) countered 10) dedication 11) in disgust
12) relied on 13) shorts-cuts to
3,
1) Without suitable entertainment, these young people often get bored and take refuge in drinking and taking drugs.
2) The school washed its hands of the students’ behavior during the spring recess.
3) His cruel remarks reduced the innocent girl to tears.
4) Many difficult words are out of the scope of this learner’s dictionary.
5) The thief admitted his guilt as soon as he was confronted with the evidence.
6) The incident should be viewed in the wider context of the political turmoil of that time.
4.
1) has come down 2) came to 3) comes out 4)come up to
5) come in 6) came across 7) has come about 8) come off
9) come to 10) give up 11) was given back 12) give away
13) gave out 14）give in 15) gives off/out
Ⅳ.Cloze
1. express 2. both 3. intended 4. still 5. where 6. personal
7. of 8.them 9. make 10. before 11. still 12. before
13. fluent 14. while 15. enough 16. on 17. in 18. In
19. find 20. who 21. carefully 22. to 23. possible 24. make
25. depend 26. than 27. made 28. use 29. phrases 30. above
31. on 32. demonstrate 33. out 34. writing
Ⅴ. Passage Translation（省略）
Reading Activity
Exercise A
1.d 2.d 3.b 4.c 5.c 6.c 7.d 8.c 9.d
Exercise B
1. d 2. h 3. g 4. c 5. f 6. a 7. j 8. I 9. b 10. e
1. flexible 2. haphazard 3. established 4. land 5. mediocrity
6. identical 7. assurance 8. device 9. a host of 10. quadrupled
Unit 2
Study &Practice
II. Comprehension Questions
5. b 6. c 7. c 10. a
III. Paragraph Analysis: The Outline
(Paras.3-6) We are losing this fifth freedom through three misunderstanding
(Paras.4)
A. The first misunderstanding is that of the meaning of democracy.
We think that democracy in education means gearing all courses to the middle level.
We reject special programs and schools for superior students as undemocratic.
(Paras.5)
B. The second misunderstanding is that of the meaning of happiness.
This misunderstanding results from our stress on comfort rather than on accomplishment.
The stress on material well-being has been reflected in the schools by too little discipline and too easy subjects.
(Paras.6)
C. The third misunderstanding is that of ultimate values.
These values have been denied in recent teacher education.
The inevitable result in mass selfishness is already evident.
(Paras.7-9)
IV.
To assure our children the freedom to develop, we must challenge their abilities.
(Paras.7)A.
We can give them a demanding curriculum.
Michelangelo did not learn to paint by doodling.
Mozart did not become a pianist by watching television.
They, like Eve Curie and Helen Keller, were challenged by disciplined training.
(Paras.8)B.
We can give them the right to failure.
We must not give high school diplomas without regard to merit.
We must be realistic about failure to meet standards and must teach our children realism.
(Paras.9) C.
We can give them the best values we know.
We can show them what history has taught us to be true.
These truths may inspire us to make a “ringing message”that could mean true freedom for them.
IV. Vocabulary Activities
1) notion, inhabited 2）denial 3) independent 4) realistic
5）passed for 6) consequent 7) a handful of 8) as opposed to
9) urged, influential 10) eternal 11) descendants 12) cherish
13) related 14) denial, was opposed to 15) haunted 16) discerned
2.
1) combat 2) capabilities 3) eternal 4) opposed to 5) outstanding
6) stake… on 7) no wonder 8) In the light of 9) discern
10) paralyzed 11) crying for 12) awaken to 13) consequent
14) sensitive to
3.
1) No wonder that the children are excited, this is the first time they’ve been abroad.
2) Now that she’s got a part-time job, she is financially independent of her family.
3) As a charity, we provide food and shelter for people in need, regardless of the reasons for their food.
4) The depression that started in mid-1929 was a catastrophe of unprecedented dimensions for the United States.
5) Even to this day, the memory of hunger in his childhood still haunts him.
6) Robert overcame his shyness which had formerly paralyzed him in Mary’s presence.
7) The fall in the cost of living is directly related to the drop in the oil price.
4.
1) I don’t think it is realistic to turn to him for help. As a matter of fact, he himself is in need of help.
2) More and more people are being awakened to the urgent need of combating air pollution.
3) There are visible signs that some of the time-honored old traditions and values are no longer cherished by the young people.
4) Many of us find the notion of a boundless universe hard to grasp.
5) There being so many loopholes in the laws and regulations, it is little wonder that a handful of speculators got rich overnight.
6) An unprecedented boom in tourism brought sudden prosperity to the small border town, which was formerly inhabited by only three hundred people.
7) In the light of this information, that country already has the capabilities to make nuclear weapons.
8) Regardless of repeated warnings from his friends, he staked all his money on highrisk ventures.
5.
1) Early rising makes for good health.
2) I don’t know, I couldn’t make out the expression on his face.
3) I’m sorry I can’t quite make out what you mean.
4) No, she made the whole thing up.
5) Well, I have to make up the hour we lost in Chicago.
6) I learned from his wife that he had passed away before my letter reached him.
7) I think it can pass for silk.
8) It says the storm will pass off before dark.
9) Well, I passed it on the manager.
10) Perhaps we can pass on the next one.
11) I think he will pass it over for this once.
Ⅴ. Cloze
1. other 2. magazines 3. consider 4. times 5. answered
6. ways 7. questions 8. offer 9. differ 10. for
11. themselves 12. to 13 .open 14. making 15. so 16. single
17. with 18. Others 19. young 20. private 21. than
22. curriculum 23. kinds 24. Should 25. amount 26. or
27. charge 28. what
Ⅵ. Error Correction
1. must-----can 2. start---starting 3. to(which you go) 4. (learn)from
5. that---what 6. are---were 7. (as)if 8. imaginative---unimaginative
9. Inspite---Despite 10. (way)out
Reading Activity
Exercise A
1.a 2.d 3.c 4.b 5.d 6.c 7. c 8.d
Exercise B
1.e 2.f 3.g 4.h 5.j 6.b 7.c 8.a 9.d 10.i
1. go against the grain 2. bent on 3. elite 4. preoccupied with
5. echo 6. set in my ways 7.on his mind 8. get through
9. were lingering 10.wary of
Unit3
Study&Practice
Ⅱ.Comprehension Questions
3. c 6. b 9. d 11. b
Ⅲ. Outlining Activity
1. The most important psychological discovery of this century is the discovery of the “self-image”.
A.Self-image is our opinion of ourselves.
B.All of us have it and we do not question its validity, but proceed to act upon it just as if it were true.
2.This self-image becomes a golden key to living a better life because of two important discoveries.
3.The first important discovery is that all our actions, feelings, behavior and abilities are always consistent with this self-images.
A.People tend to act like the sort of person they think themselves to be.
B.Self-image is a base upon which their entire personality and behavior are built.
C.They are unaware of the true causes of their troubles.
4.The second important discovery is that one’s self-image can be changed at any time in his life.
A.Up to now our efforts at change have been directed to the circumference of the self instead of the center.
B.“Positive thinking” about a particular thing will not help as long as we hold a negative self-image.
5.Prescott Lecky is often mentioned because he was a pioneer in self-image psychology.
A.He was a school teacher and made experiment on thousands of students to help them
Change their self-images.
B.He believed that if a student could change his self-image, his learning ability would change too.
C.The real trouble with those students was an inadequate or negative self-image.
IV. Vocabulary Activities
1.
1) accordingly 2) credits 3) ideal 4) honorable 5) conceive of
6) defect 7) conception 8) premise 9) objective 10) lies in
11) have borne out 12) induce 13) vicious 14) venture
15) as the case may be
2.
1) ideal 2) objective 3) negative about 4) honorable 5) external
6) as the case may be 7) premise 8) prevailed upon 9) defects
10) accordingly 11) is not consistent/inconsistent with
12) a miraculous 13) conceive of 14) verified 15)induce 16)vicious
3.
1) This medicine is for external use ,not to be taken orally.
2) It never occurred to him that people could deliberately do harm to others purely out of malice.
3) An atmosphere of warm friendship prevailed at the reception.
4) Many women can identify with the movie’s heroine, who struggles to gain respect and fulfill her ambitions.
5) He claimed credit for the success of this project even though he had contributed very little.
6) Women are often the first to victim to rising unemployment at a time of recession.
7) What he does is not consistent with what he says.
8) I will start working or pursue graduate studies, as the case may be.
4.
1) set up 2) set side 3) set back 4) set out 5) set about 6) set off
7) was going on 8) went on 9) go by 10) has gone without
11) go after 12) went through with 13)go over 14) go into
15) went off 16) are going in for
V. Cloze.
1) as 2) in 3) confirm 4) stupid 5) way 6) rather 7) that
8) out 9) longer 10) how 11) from 12) sales 13) to
14) continued 15) more 16) still 17) not 18) self-image
19) certain 20) from 21) from 22) come
Reading Activity
ExerciseA
1. c 2. c 3. d 4 a 5. c 6. d 7. d 8. c 9. d
10. a 11. d 12. b 13. a 14. c
ExerciseB
I.
1. h 2. i 3. c 4. f 5. b 6. d 7. j 8. a 9. e 10. g
II.
1. transition 2. unique 3. spontaneous 4. status quo 5. appropriate
6. potentials 7. facilitate 8. enhance 9. rigid 10. break away from
11. equivalents 12. orthodox
Unit4
Study & Practice
III. Vocabulary Activities
1.
1) ahead of the pack 2) priorities 3) permissive 4) be tailored to
5)assumption 6) eligible 7) stopped by 8) correlation 9) in between
10) prestigious 11) enrich 12) Excessive 13) the norm 14) rot
15) epidemic 16) presume/presumed 17) exceptional 18) took charge of
2.
1) looked upon as 2) sprouted up 3) more likely than not 4) presumed
5) eligible 6) correlation 7) take the initiative to 8) competence
9) tremendous 10) staying ahead of the pack 11) exceptional
12) self-esteem 13) carve out 14) involved in
3.
1) Harvard, Yale, and Stanford are all exceptional in academic excellence.
2) Statistics show that violent crime has been an epidemic in all big U.S. citied.
3) Don’t you think high school students are being pushed too hard for good grades.
4) Rational persons are most unlikely to go to extremes, for they tend to stick to the middle ground they’ve occupied.
5) For a team, the most important thing is to have close teamwork ; the rest will take care of itself
6) We should be as concerned with the development of variety as with the improvement on quality.
4.
1) Far from being permissive, many parents are putting tremendous pressure on their children to be exceptional in everything.
2) Owing to her academic excellence, this Changsha girl has been accepted by several prestigious, American universities, including Harvard, Yale and MIT.
3) Many parents start their children in piano or violin lessons at ever-earlier ages in hopes that they will become exceptional pianists or violinists.
4) In modern society, clothing styles change yearly. Some are in this year but will be out the next.
5) More likely than not, what this“new” parenting idea brings about will be“super problems” rather than “super kids”.
6) Young people should be given the opportunity to take the initiative, to take responsibility for their mistakes and credit for their achievement.
7) In my view, he is so weak-willed that he could hardly give up smoking. To my surprise, he has easily cured himself of this bad habit.
8) Demands on students have to be tailored to their interests and abilities.
5.
1) looking forward …to 2) looked on 3) look up to /look on 4) Look out
5) look up 6)look into 7) looked upon as 8) look down on
9) look back 10) Look through 11) looked over 12) looking back on
13) took off 14) take to 15) took on 16) taken on
17) took…for 18) takes after/took after 19) took down 20) taken in
21)took over 22) taken up 23) take in 24) take up
IV. Cloze
1.just 2. around 3. directions 4. why 5. major 6. in 7. with
8. language 9. pairs 10. makes 11. to 12. groups 13. low-status
14. hold 15. skill 16. purpose 17. in 18. out 19. case 20. men
21. where 22. which 23. by 24. from 25. cost
V. Error Correction
1. tried-managed 2. (in)the(mid-1970s) 3. handwriting-handwritten
4. eighth-eight 5. for-/ 6.illterate-literate 7.to-for
8. parenting-parental 9. between-of 10. for-to
Reading Activity
Exercise A
1.N 2.N 3.Y 4.NG
5. in the college dining hall/went through all sorts of interviews
6. A full-time job supervising student labor in the dining hall
7. settle for a job as a bookstore clerk
8. mild irony
9. a classicist working in the capacity as a bookstore clerk
10. It’s about time college graduates from the class of’86 started their lucky or unlucky life journey! Or: It’s about time for college graduates from the class of 1986 to start their lucky or unlucky life journey!
Exercise B
1. thrive on 2. minimal 3. persisted in 4. ultimate 5. aptitude 6. plight
7. enthusiastic 8. otherwise 9. is/was supervising 10. inquiries
11. entails 12. simultaneous 13. desperate for 14.be taken into account
15.pursue 16.prospective 17. at the mercy of 18. recession
19. contagious 20. unconcerned
Unit5
Study＆Practice
Ⅰ. Comprehension Questions
3.c 4.d 5.b 7.d 8.d 11.b
Ⅱ. Outlining Activity
3. The Church banned Copernicus’ book, burned Bruno at the stake and imprisoned Galileo for popularizing Copernicus’ and his own scientific ideas.
4. Every age has one or more groups of intellectual rebels who are persecuted, condemned or suppressed; but to a later age, they seem harmless and often essential to the improvement of human conditions.
5. Most people have believed that the enormous success of science is due to the use of a scientific method by scientists and Galileo is known as the “Father of the Scientific Method”.
6. Rather than the scientific method, the scientific attitude is the key to the success of science.
7. Scientists must accept facts whether they like them or not and they must be good at changing their minds because the purpose of science is not to defend their beliefs but to improve them.
8. Honesty is the most valuable quality of scientists because it is not only essential to the progress of science but also a matter of self-interest to the scientists themselves.
Ⅲ. Vocabulary Activities
1.1) distinguish between 2) opposition 3) to the contrary 4) procedures
5) in principle 6）proportional 7) rebels 8) strive for
9) Predictions 10) outcome 11) criterion 12) adopted
13) speculation 14) banned 15) outweigh 16) formulated, represented
17) ingredients 18) circulated 19) retain 20) pointed out
21) condemned
2. 1) took his word for it 2) formulated 3) adequate 4) met with
5) representing 6）strive 7) immense 8) infinite 9) adopt
10) persecuted 11) circulates 12) retaining 13) are subjected to
14) its outcome 15) modified 16) condemned 17) suppressing
18) largely 19) ingredient 20）criteria
3. 1) You’ll buy nothing but trouble if you buy that house, take my word for it.
2) Dr. Li has always been credited with being able to understand and sympathize with his patients.
3) If I don’t hear anything to the contrary, I’ll come and meet you on July 8th.
4) It’s very important to follow the safety procedures laid down in the service manual.
5) The new Medicare program puts a high premium on prevention and primary care.
6) Children’s comics were banned back then at home because my parents thought they weren’t a good influence.
7) It’s essential that children be taught to distinguish right from wrong.
8) The number of representatives each state is entitled to is proportional to the size of its population.
9) A novelist cannot be a great one unless he has a well-developed insight into human nature.
10) More and more people have come to realize that cancer of the lung has more to do with smoking than with anything else.
11) Late frosts account for the poor fruit-crop of this year.
12) What’s the matter with you today! Everything I say you contradict.
Ⅳ. Cloze
1. questions 2. solving 3. out 4. between 5. establishing
6. these 7. with 8. science 9. do 10. in 11. so 12. universe
13. highest 14. dislikes 15. did 16. unpleasant 17. believe
18. hear 19. flying 20. breathe 21. age 22. terms
23. reverse 24. serve 25. those 26. themselves 27. to
Reading Activity
Exercise A
1. c 2. c 3. a 4. d 5. d 6. Behavioral: b, c, e, g, h, i Medical: a, d, f
ExerciseB
1. c 2. e 3. a 4. f 5. g 6. b 7. d 8. j 9. h 10. i
1. serves you right 2. precede 3. data 4. evaluate 5. backs/backed up
6. dramatically 7. radical 8. undergraduates 9. plainly 10. delivered
Unit6
Ⅲ. Vocabulary
1.
1. virtual 2. reconciliation 3. deliberately 4. precedent
5. essence 6. rational 7. get to the point
8. go out of my mind 9. immersed in 10. cut (you) off
11. scared to death 12. lost his nerve 13. Supreme
14. apology 15. invasion 16. muttering
2.
1. awaiting 2. lost my never 3. immersed in 4. alleged
5. deliberately 6. involving her in 7. in celebration of
8. ironic 9. get to the point 10. yelled 11. is in need of
12. rational 13. fierce 14. squeeze
3.
1. Because of the bank’s refusal to give him another loan, Morris had to abandon the project.
2. Although both of them were ready for a reconciliation, neither was prepared to make the first move.
3. The old lady nearly died of fright when a gunman suddenly appeared in front of her.
4. Bob seems to have an instinct for knowing which products will sell.
5. The organizers of the appeal are reaching out to the public in order to get their help.
6. I have an apology to make to you-I’m afraid I opened your letter by mistake.
4.
1. cut off 2. cut back/cut down 3. cut in 4. cut across
5. cut down 6. cuts in 7. cut (Oliver) off 8. cut off
9. hangs back 10.hang up 11. hanging about
12. hang together 13. hang on 14. hang on to
Ⅳ. Cloze
1. other 2. with 3. increased 4. for 5. last/past
6. who 7. adult/grown-up 8. summed 9. in 10. who
11. better 12. teach 13. without 14. as 15. view
16. generation 17. granted 18. only 19. decision 20. important
Reading Activity
Exercise A
1. d 2. T, T, X, T, F, F, T, F 3. b, c, e 4. c 5. d 6. 2, 3; 4, 5; 6, 17
Exercise B
1. j 2. f 3. e 4. h 5. c 6. g 7. l 8. b 9. d 10. k
11. a 12. i
1. fragrance 2. knocked off 3. cozy 4. gasped 5. discharged
6. furnished 7. smashed 8. for dear life 9. clinhing
10. tipped 11. shove 12. scrubbed
Unit7
Study & Practice
Ⅱ. Comprehension Questions
1. d 2. b 3. c 4. d 5. b 6. c 7. d 8. d 9. d 10. b
Ⅲ.Vocabulary Activities
1.
1. dense 2. accompanied 3. theses 4. disorderly 5. evoked
6. voluntary 7. intellect 8. in sequence 9. deterioration
10. distinguished himself 11. deviated from 12.lit up
13. over the hill 14. talking shop 15. put…back together
16. uncertain
2.
1. was confined to 2. distinguished himself 3. irresistible
4. accompany 5. accurately 6. (a year) to the day 7. reigned from
8. overwhelmed 12. clumsy 3. come to anything 14. over the hill
15. broke down
3.
1. To my great surprise, they agreed to all our demands.
2. They had to overcome formidable obstacles if they want to finish the task
on time.
3. She managed to maneuver her car into the parking space.
4. The manager’s explanation evoked even greater anger from the employees.
5. When the doctor told him he had lung cancer, Jim was overwhelmed.
6.The new method deviated sharply from the traditional approach and the results were far more satisfactory.
4.
1. When I was a kid, I was so fascinated with the idea of travelling round the world that I would spend hours in my grandfather’s spinning the globe and dreaming of the places I would like to visit.
2. A time bomb exploded this afternoon in one of London’s biggest supermarkets, evoking a great panic among the population.
3. Accompanied by his father, Bill went to the police station ago confessed to the police officer that he had robbed an old man of his gold watch two weeks before.
4. After getting engaged to Jane, Stephen started working hard for the first time in his life. And before long he distinguished himself as a young theoretical physicist.
5. Prof. Stone is distinguished for his sternness. But, to everyone’s surprise, the speech he made at his daughter’s wedding last Saturday was full of wit and humor.
6. It’s amazing that so many people are willing to do voluntary work for the benefit of the community.
5.
1. broke up 2. broke out 3. have broken through 4. break down
5. broke in 6. broke down 7. had been broken into
8. broke away from 9. broke in 10. breaks up 11. turn into
12. turned in 13. turn up 14. was turned down 15. turning out
16. have turned over 17. turn down 18. had turned over
19. turned out 20. turned over 21. turn in 22. turned up
Ⅳ. Cloze
1. first 2. wheelchair 3. height 4. weigh 5. suffered
6. worsening 7. harmed 8. things 9. is 10. difficult
11. those 12. down 13. hold 14. take 15. if 16. details
17. at 18. to 19. books 20. progress 21. conferences
22. disease 23. stay 24. law 25. difficult 26. simplest
Ⅴ. Error-Correction
1. had-was/had been 2. progress-progressive 3. (carry) on
4. satisfy-satisfying 5. apparent-apparently 6. the-/
7. belief-disbelief 8. annoyed-annoying 9. have-having
10. nurse-nurses
Reading Activity
Exercise A
1. a 2. b 3. a 4. b 5. d 6. c 7. d 8. d
Exercise B
1. e 2. g 3. c 4. h 5. i 6. b 7. j 8. a 9. f 10. d
1. petty 2. Compassion 3. dormant 4. subtleties
5. chronic 6. impending 7. accustomed 8. quiver
9. compulsory 10. phase
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