外研版八年级英语下册知识点总结

重点词组

1.Tidy up 收拾,整理

2.take up占用（时间空间）

3.be interested in 对…感兴趣

(interesting 有趣的)

4.as well as 并且,还

I like playing football as well as playing basketball.

5.such as 比如

6 as a result 结果.

7. come out 出版；开花；出来; 大白

8. give an interview 接受采访，做访谈

9. in the future 在未来（一般将来时）

10. make sure 确保

11. grow vegetables种蔬菜

12. be good at sth./doing sth.

13. a collection of …的收集品

collect stamps集邮

14. at the end of… at the beginning of…

15. develop interests 发展兴趣

16. useful skills 有用的技能17. play the violin 乐器加the

18. all the time 总是，一直

19. at least 至少

20. be popular with 受…欢迎

Football is popular with boys. 足球受男孩子的欢迎.

21. * not only… but also不仅…而且用来连接两个主语时,注意就近原则

Not only Da Ming but also his parents are fond of watching football matches.

Not only you but also he is tired of having one examination after another.

22. * spend +时间/金钱+on sth. / (in) doing sth.

eg. I spent all our time on our favourate hobby. I spend the whole night (in) learning English.

Their hobbies are drawing and painting. = In their free time, they like to draw and paint.

23. * Succeed in doing sth. 成功做成某事

success n. successful adj.

24. * Make为使役动词, 后接形容词和动词原形做宾语补足语

Eg. Rainy days make me sad.

Loud music makes me want to dance.

25. * It is +adj. + (for sb.) to do sth.（对某人来说）做某事是…的

It’s important for you to remember this.

It is +adj. + of sb. to do sth.形容词修饰人的性格如：It’s kind of you to tell me the truth.

26. Try to do sth. 尽力做某事try doing sth. 尝试做某事

27. Ask sb. (not) to do sth. 要求某人（不）做某事

28. want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事Module 2 Friendship

重点词组：

1. right now 现在

2. whether …or not

3. hold the line （不挂断电话）等一下

4. turn back 转身

5. as usual 和往常一样

6.close friends 亲密的朋友

7. personal questions私人问题

8. early autumn 早秋

9. several months later 几个月以后

10.worry about 担心

11.at middle school 在初中

12.smile at sb.朝某人微笑

13.change one’s life 改变某人的生活

14.at first 开始 15.join a club 参加俱乐部

16. day by day 一天天地

17. in different countries 在不同的国家

18. feel like 觉得

19. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事

20. by the way 顺便说一下

21.like making friends (with) 喜欢交朋友22.take a message 捎口信

23.a public concert 公开音乐会

24.good luck with the concert 预祝音乐会成功25. remember doing sth./ to do sth.记得做了/去做某事

26.as a result结果

27. be afraid of sth./ to do sth. 害怕（去做）某事

28. stamp collectors集邮爱好者

29.a couple of 几个，两个

30.take place 发生（happen）

31. lonely寂寞的/alone 独自一人

32.far away （from）

33. watch,指仔细观看，看电视、球赛等

see 指看望某人，看电影，看医生等

34.______(laugh) at others is impolite. 取笑他人是不礼貌的35. all over the world 全世界

Find sth. +adj. The foreigners find China very different from their own country. Find+ it +adj. +to do sth. I found it difficult to finish the work on time. It为形式宾语

Find sb. doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事I found them playing games on the playground.

People from all over the world make friends by writing letters. By通过…方式

语法点：宾语从句

注意点： 1. 有“…or not”或“or+供选择的内容”时，只能用whether

2. 宾语从句的语序要用陈述语序3.客观真理用一般现在时

4．注意时态

宾语从句，即：在主句中担当宾语的从句。学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。

连接词一般都是that(指事务或人),which（指事）,who（指人）1．从句为陈述句，常选择连接词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连。

2．从句为一般疑问句，常选择连接词if或whether。在whether…ornot结构中不能用if替换。

3．从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what,when,where,which,who,how 等的疑问代、副词作连接词。

注意：当who为主语时，句式为：who+谓语+其他三：判断时态情况：

1。主句是一般现在时，从句为各种时态情况

2。主句是一般过去时，从句为各种相应过去时态注意：从句描绘客观事实，用一般现在时

1. The teacher told the children that the sun＿＿＿＿round.

A. was

B. is

C. were

D. are

2. I believe that our team＿＿＿＿ the basketball match.

A. win

B. won

C. will win

D. wins

3. I don’t know＿＿＿＿ to visit the old man.A. whether

B. if

C. that

D. who

The soldiers soon reached( )was once an old temple( )the villagers used as a school.

A.which;where

B.what;which

C.where;which

D.what;where 答：选B，动词reach后接宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，where不可，which引导宾语从句时表疑问含义“哪一个…”而此句中并非疑问含义，不知道哪一座庙宇，而是用what从句表陈述含义，意“过去的一座旧庙宇”；temple后为对其修饰的定语从句，

用关系代词which代替，并在从句中作动词used的宾语，use sth. as…“把…用作…

Module 3 On the radio

重点词组：

1.Look out (for)小心/ look for 寻找/look like 看起来像

2.Don’t mention it. 不客气

3.prepare (for) 准备

4.ask for 要/请求…

5.look down 向下看 look down on sb. 看不起某人

6.once a week 一周一次

7.turn on 打开（电视,灯，收音机等）turn off 关闭turn up 调大（音量）

8. take sb. around 带某人四处参观

9.get lost 迷路

10.score two goals 进两个球

11.in person亲自

12.learn about 听说learn from向…学习

13.at the age of 在…岁时

14.at that moment 在那个时候

15. go for a picnic 去野餐

16.the score of …的比分

17.stop doing sth. 停止做某事

18. explain sth. (to sb.)（向某人）解释某事

19. close down 停播

20. win the first prize 获得第一名

21. find out查明

22. prepare for a test准备考试

23. thank you for …因为…感谢你

24. decide to do sth.决定做某事

25. Me, too. 我也是

26. It seems/ seemed that…好像,看样子

It seems that he is lying. 看样子他在撒谎.

27. in front of 在…前面

(in the front of 强调在内部的前面)28. need to do 需要做

… need doing 需要被做某事（被动含义）

29. The flowers need watering. 这些花需要浇水.

语法点：* to+ v. 与v.-ing

To+v. want；would like；hope；wish；plan；need；decide

v +-ing enjoy；finish；practice；keep；give up；mind

注意都可以接的begin; start; continue 意义相同

Hear; notice; see…do/doing 意义不同

Stop；forget; remember; try + to do/doing 意义不同

* 表示建议和警告

1、Shall we…?我们…好吗？

2、Let’s ….让我们…

3、What /how about doing…?怎么样？ 4. Be quiet, please.

5、Why don’t you/we..=why not...?为什么不？6. Please keep doing (7)

Remember to …and stop talking!

8、Would you like….?你愿意..吗?回答时用I’d like/love to . sorry ,but ….

对于建议肯定回答:good idea./OK/Sure/ All right./Why not?/Great/Yes, I’d love to 对于建议否定回答：I’m sorry ,I’m afaid …/I’d love to ,but …..

Module 4 New technology

重点词组：

1.lend sb. sth.借给某人某物；

2.play back播放;3.wait for等待;

4.connect…to/with 连接;

5.turn on打开（电器）;

6.take photos拍照;

7.pick up sth.拿起某物(如果有代词的话则放在中间pick it up);

8.bite sb. on the hand咬某人的手;

9.keep cool保持冷静;

10.show pictures to the doctor展示照片给医生看; 11.the best result最好的结果;

12. get the news得到消息;

13. follow these instructions 遵照这些说明；

14.find out 查明；

15.save your life 挽救你的生命；

16.a few days ago 几天前；

17. climb out of 从…里爬出来；

18. hold on to 坚持；

19. on holiday 在度假；

20. send personal postcard 发送私人贺卡

21. across/ over/ through;

22. advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事；

23. get/be ready to (do) sth. 准备(做)某事=get/be ready for sth.;

24. have to 不得不；

25. do with 处置，对待What will you do with this photo? 你会怎么处理这张照片？

26. Wherever无论什么地方语法点：if 引导的条件状语从句“如果，假如”

Module 5 Problems

重点词组：

1.Refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事;

2. choose the best 选择最好的;

3. the last practice最后的练习;

4. warn sb. of /about sth.提醒/警告某人注意某事；warn sb. not to do sth. 警告某人不要做某事;

5. punish sb. 惩罚某人;

6. go wrong 出错;

7. feel bad 感觉不好;

8. be angry with 对某人生气

9. all together一起；

10. keep my best friend留住我最好的朋友；

11. tell sb. the truth 告诉某人;

12. make quite sure确保；

13. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事；

14. after all 毕竟；

15. help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人；

16. personal problems 私人问题；17. at the end of 在…尽头，在…结束时

18. so vs. such;

19. take off 起飞，脱下，拿走；

20. steal sth. from sb./someplace从某人/某地偷走东西；

21. alone 形容词和副词/lonely形容词；

22. be proud of 为…感到自豪/骄傲，

23. make a mistake/make mistakes 犯错误；

24. at least至少at most 至多；

25. 注意enough的位置名词之前,形容词之后enough food / careful enough;

26. instead of 取代；

27. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事

交际用语：What a pity! / What a shame! / I’m sorry to hear that. / Take it easy. / I feel sorry for… / I hope it is nothing serious. / Is there anything I can do fo r you?/ Rather you than me! 你行，我可不行！（would rather…than 宁愿…而不愿）

语法点：If 引导的条件状语从句（二）

If…+现在时动词…,主语+ will/ should/shall/ can/ may +动词原形** 主将从现** If you ask him, he will help you.

总结If 引导的条件状语从句：

一、了解if引导的条件状语从句的含义

if为连词,意为“如果”,用来引导条件状语从句。由它引导的条件状语从句表示假如有从句的动作发生,就会有主句中的动作发生。例如:If you want to turn on the recorder, press the blue button.

如果你想打开录音机,就按蓝色的键。

If you invite him, he will come.

如果你邀请他,他会来的。

二、掌握if引导的条件状语从句的用途

1. 谈论可能出现的情况。例如:

If it is fine, we will go out for a walk.

如果天气好,我们就出去散步。

2. 谈论可预测的、反复出现的情况。例如:

If I’m hungry, I will eat some bread.

如果我饿了,我会吃些面包。

友情提示:此句式也可与用when引导的时间状语从句互换。即: When I am hungry, I will eat some bread.

当我饥饿的时候,我将吃些面包。

三、明确if引导的条件状语从句的结构

1.当条件状语从句表示可能出现的情况时,从句用一般现在时表

示将来,主句常用一般将来时。例如:

If you don’t take a taxi, you’ll miss your train.

如果你不乘出租车,你会误了火车的。

2. 从句式上看,if从句可放在主句前或主句后。从句置于主句前,须用逗号与主句隔开,反之,则不用逗号。例如:

If it’s sunny, we will go out tomorrow.

=We will go out tomorrow if it’s sunny.

如果明天天晴,我们就出去。

四、注意一些句式之间的转换

1.不定式短语与条件状语从句之间的转换。例如:

It will be a great mistake to wait another week.→ It will be a great mistake if we wait another week.

再等一个星期是个极大的错误。

2.“祈使句 + and / or + 陈述句”结构,其中的祈使句相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句。注意,如果是用or连接,那么if引导的条件状语从句要用否定形式;如果是用and连接,则用肯定形式。例如:

Hurry up, or we’ll miss our train. → If we don’t hurry up, we’ll miss our train.

如果不赶快的话,我们就会误了火车。

Work hard and you will catch up with your classmates. → If you work hard, you’ll catch up with your classmates.

如果你努力学习的话,你会赶上你的同学们的。

【注意】1. if引导的条件状语从句中如果用了will,那这个will 是个情态动词,表示意愿。例如:

If you will help me, I’ll try to finish it.

如果你愿意帮助我,我将尽力完成。

2. 如果主句要表达的程度达不到使用will的程度,可用别的情态动词来表达。例如:

If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we can go to the park.

如果明天不下雨,我们就可以去公园了。

【练一练】

Ⅰ. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. If I ______(not understand), I ______ (ask) the teacher for help.

2. Mary ______(study) Chinese next year if she ______(have) time.

3. If I’m free, I______(go) to the movies with you.

4. What______(happen) if Mr Liu______(be not) friendly to me?

5. I______(be) happy if I______(pass) my exam.

6. They______(go) hiking if it______(not snow) tomorrow.

7. If you ______(become) a driver, you ______ (be) able to make a living.

8. Please______(call) me if you______(be) at home.

9. If you______(finish) your homework, you may ______(go) swimming.

Ⅱ. 同义句转换,每空一词。

1. Take a taxi, or you’ll miss the class.______ you ______ ______a taxi, you’ll miss the class.

2. Study hard, and you will pass the test.

If you study hard, you______ ______the test.

3. We can’t live without air or water.

We can’t live ______ there is ______ air ______water.

Ⅲ. 根据汉语意思,完成下列句子,每空一词。

1. 如果你觉得很疲劳,请好好休息一下。

If you______very tired, please______a good

rest.

2. 如果明天不下雨,我们就去公园。

If it______ ______tomorrow, we______

______ to the park.

3. 如果我有空,我希望去看望她。

I______to visit her if I______free.

4. 如果你想去看电视,必须先完成作业。

You______ ______your homework first if you ______to watch TV.

Key:

Ⅰ. 1. don’t understand, w ill ask2. will study, has3. will go 4. will happen, is not5. will be, pass6. will go, doesn’t snow7. become, will be 8. call, are9. finish, goⅡ. 1. If, don’t take 2. will pass3. if, no, or

Ⅲ. 1. feel/are, have/take2. doesn’t rain, will go3. hope, am4. must finish, want

Module 6 Entertainment

重点词组：

1.talk about谈论；

2.some close friends一些亲密的朋友;

3.face to face面对面;

4.come out发行，出版;

5.advise sb. to do sth.建议某人去做某事;

6.be proud of为…感到骄傲;

7.plenty of许多;

8.have a great time 玩得开心;

9.go to the concert 去音乐会;

10.search for 寻找;

11. look after 照看；

12.sail around 绕着…航行；13.in one’s opinion 在某人看来；

14.except for 除…之外,

15.be worried about 担心；

16. fight with /against sb./ sth. 与…打架；

17. too much 太多（修饰名词）too much water 太多水

much too (修饰形容词和副词) much too heavy 太重了；

18.show sb. sth=show sth. to sb. 给…看

show me your ticket, please. 请出示车票。

show sb around 带某人四处转转

句型：What do you think of this movie? 你认为这部电影怎么样？She knows that she’s among friends. 她知道她在朋友之中What kind of programme is it? 它是什么种类的节目？all kinds of 各种各样的

语法点：直接引语和间接引语

Module 7 Time off

重点词组

：1.enjoy oneself;享受

2.be famous for…因为…而著名

be famous as…作为…而著名;

3.as if 好像;

4.wake sb. up叫醒某人;

5. hope to do sth.希望做某事;6.leave sb. alone把某人单独留下;

7.put…away把…收起来;

8.have seven days off休息七天；

9.go back into回到…里面；

10.protec t…from…保护…免受…;

11.be popular with受…的欢迎;

12.national park国家公园；

13.the second largest fresh water lake 第二大淡水湖( the +序数词+最高级+单数名词表示“第几最”)；14.in the north of 在…的北部（east west south north）;

15.cross=go across;

16. whole注意位置,直接放在名词前the whole world

all则放在修饰词的前面, all these people all the class;

17. the rest of+名词剩余部分，其余的；

18. one of … …之一做主语时，注意要用第三人称单数One of the students is from Japan.；

19. wish sb. to do sth. 想要（某人）做某事；

20. on a clear day 在晴朗的一天

21. welcome sb. to someplace 欢迎某人来某地；

句子：I can hardly hear the traffic in the streets and no one is shouting. 我几乎听不到街上的车辆声，也没有人在大声喊叫。Hardly 副词，“几乎不，几乎没有”no one/ nobody/ everyone/ everybody 都为第三人称单数

语法点：直接引语间接引语（二）

直接引语间接引语总结：

①直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。

如：

She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes."

→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.

②直接引语如果是反意疑问句、选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.

如：

He said, "Can you swim, John?"

→He asked John if he could swim.

"You have finished the homework, haven‘t you?" my mother asked.

→My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework. "Do you go to school by bus or by bike?"

→He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.

③直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈

述句语序）。

She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?"

→ She asked me when they had their dinner.

④直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为"tell (ask) sb (not) to do sth."句型。

"Don’t make any noise," she said to the children.

→She told (or dered) the children not to make any noise. "Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she.→She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.

⑤直接引语如果是以“Let‘s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动名词（或从句）。”如：

He said, "Let’s go to the film."

→He suggested going to the film.

或He suggested that they should go to see the film.

⑥直接引语是感叹句时，间接引语为what 或how 引导，也可以用that 引导。

She said, "What a lovely day it is !"

→She said what a lovely day it was .或She said that it was

a lovely day.

⑦如果直接引语中含有since, when, while 引导的表示过去时间的状语从句，在变为间接引语时，只改变主句中的谓语动词，从句的一般过去时则不变。如：

He said to me, "I have taught English since he came here ."→He told me that he had taught English since he came here.直接引语人称变化

遵从一主二宾三不变

一主：从句的第一人称随主句的主语变化。

eg：“I have bought an expensive car , ” said the boss.→The boss said he had bought an expensive car.二宾：从句的第二人称随主句的宾语变化。

eg: I often tell him , "You are the luckiest boy I have ever seen . " → I often tell him he is the luckiest boy I have ever seen . “

三不变：从句的第三人称不需要变化。

直接引语注意

在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。

①直接引语是客观真理。

②主句谓语为一般现在时，变间接引语时，若主句谓语时态不变仍为一般现在时，从句时态也不变。

③直接引语是一般现在时，且表示反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：

He said, "I get up at six every morning。" →He said he gets up at six every morning。

④直接引语为谚语警句或名人名言时，时态不变。

⑤直接引语为客观事实真理，时态不变，常考的有：

Light travels faster than sound.光速比声速快。

The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。

The moon goes around the earth.月球绕着地球转。

Module 8 Public holidays

重点词组：

1.public holidays公共假日;

2.on vacation 度假;

3.as soon as 一…就…;

4.make a plan制订计划;

5.in the same way用相同的方式;

6.in different ways用不同的方式;

7.have a good time doing sth.做某事很开心;

8.promise sb. to do sth.向某人承诺做某事;

9.say goodbye to sth.向…道别;

10.depend on依靠，取决于;

11. not…until 直到…才；

12. New Year’s Eve 除夕；

13. count down 倒计时；14. all over 到处;

15. not all… 不是所有的（部分否定）

none of （全部否定），

16. celebrate their New Year 庆祝他们的新年；

17. plan to do 计划做某事= plan for sth. ;

18. be close to 与…接近

closed 关着的open 开着的；

19. shout loudly 大声喊叫shout at/to sb.;

20.color the hair 染发句型：It’s time to do sth. 该到做某事的时候了It’s time to play the piano. 该弹钢琴了。

Be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事He is busy cooking. 他忙着做饭

be busy with sth. 忙于某事He is busy with his homework.

语法点：状语从句（一）

时间状语从句when, while, before/after, as soon as, (not）…until/till, since

时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，而用现在时表将来（主将从现）

例如：I’ll call you as soon as I get to New York./ I will tell him the truth when he comes back.

Module 9 Heroes

重点词组：

1. imagine doing sth.想象做某事;

2. avoid doing sth.避免做某事;

3. continue doing/to do sth.继续做某事;

4. take care of 照顾;

5. perform an operation (on sb).; (给某人)做手术

6.in spite of 尽管,不顾；

7. all one’s life一生，终生;

8.on one’s own，单独；

9.look forward to doing sth.期盼做某事；

10. give one’s life to sth./ doing sth. 献身于（做）某事；11. without doing …没做什么事；12. stop sb. (from ) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事；13.even though既使；

14.in order to do sth.为了做某事；

15.train sb. to do sth. 训练某人做某事；

16. both的位置

1.应放在be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，行为动词之前My parents are both doctors.

2.也可放在名词前作定语

Both (of）my parents work in hospital.

句型：He worked very hard without stopping to rest. 他没有停下来休息，很努力地工作。

语法点：状语从句（二）

*原因状语从句：because，for，as 选项中没有because时，用for或as

*目的状语从句：so that；in order that 从句中常出现情态动词can，could, would等

*结果状语从句：so

做题时看清句意，根据句意选择

Module 10 My perfect holiday

重点词组：

1.go with sb.; 和某人一起去

2.take the train to; 坐火车去某地

3.be afraid of…; 害怕…

4.stay in touch; 保持联系

5.forget to do sth./ doing sth.; 忘记去做/忘记做过

6.learn to do sth.学习做某事;

7. life skills 生活技能;

8. depend on依赖，依靠;

9. go on holidays 去度假;

10. to some extent 从某种程度上;

11. flight number航班号；

12. would like to do sth. 想要做某事；

13. have a fantastic time玩的开心；

14. some film stars一些电影明星；

15. fill… with…用…把…装满；

16. dress oneself properly恰当地穿衣打扮；

17.board 登机；

18. on business 出差/ in business 经商；

none of one’s business 与某人无关；

19. so am I 与so I am；

20. How long…多久；

21. 形容词要放在不定代词的后面如something important;

22. 只要出现than 就用比较级It’s cheaper than going by train.

句型：谈论假期的打算和计划

I’d like to go to New York on my vacation.

Have a good time! Stay in touch！

I hope you have a good trip!语法点：would 与状语从句

* Would+动词原形想象自己在未来可能会做什么I would go to the mountains on my vacation.

* so…that vs. such …that 表程度的结果状语从句

* 让步状语从句although / though although 只能用于句首注意的是不能与but连用，切记*注意大小写，只有在句首，专有名词，国家国籍，月份，星期开头才大写（主格I 始终大写），不要随意大写

*再次强调一般现在时句子中，主语为第三人称单数形式，动词要加s

*动词不定式to，情态动词must, will, would, can, could, may, might后接动词原形* 作文一定尽量少出现语法错误