一、高中英语语法填空
1.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A hotel chain is employing human bed warmers to help guests get a good night's sleep. ________ (dress) in special all-in-one sleeping suits, the walking electric blankets are sent to warm the beds of guests staying at the Holiday Inn ________ they get under the covers.
Dr Chris Idzikowski, ________ (direct) of the Edinburgh Sleep Centre, said the idea could help people get off to sleep. He ________ (explain) that "There's plenty of scientific evidence to show that sleep starts at the beginning of the night ________ body temperature starts to drop. The drop occurs partly because the blood vessels (血管) ________ the hands, face and feet open up and release heat." "A warm bed –approximately 20 to 24 degrees Celsuis –is ________ good way to start this process while a cold bed isn't. It helps people sleep well especially as it's taking much ________ (long) for them to warm up when they come in from the snow."
Dr Chris Idzikowski and ________ (he) colleague Jane Bednall said the idea was like "having a giant hot water bottle in your bed". The five-minute free bed warming sessions will be tried out in London and Manchester ________ the end of next month.
【答案】 Dressed;before;director;explained;when;of;a;longer;his;at
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了一款新发明的暖床器以及使用暖床器的好处。
(1)考查非谓语动词。句意:行走的电热毯将会穿着特制的连体睡衣被送去假日酒店在客人上床之前给客人进行暖床。动词dress与这句话的主语the walking electric blankets之间是被动关系,故填Dressed。
(2)考查状语从句。句意:行走的电热毯将会穿着特制的连体睡衣被送去假日酒店在客人上床之前给客人进行暖床。根据句意,客人睡觉之前需要暖床,故填before。
(3)考查名词。句意:爱丁堡睡眠中心的主任Chris Idzikowski博士说,这个办法能帮助人们更好地入睡。空格前是一个人名,两个逗号之间的部分是这个人名的同位语,所以应填一个表示人的名词。故填director。
(4)考查时态。句意:他解释,有充分科学依据显示,入夜人体体温开始下降的时候就是睡眠产生的时候。由上一句中said使用的是一般过去时可知,这句话也应使用一般过去时。故填explained。
(5)考查定语从句。句意:他解释,有充分科学依据显示,入夜人体体温开始下降的时候就是睡眠产生的时候。根据句意,这是一个定语从句,先行词为the beginning of the night,并且先行词在从句中做时间状语,故填关系词when。
(6)考查介词。句意:人体温度之所以会下降,部分原因在于,(这时)人的手部、脸部以及脚部的血管开始扩张,散发了热量。空前前后都是名词,所以空格处应填介词,the blood vessels与the hands之间属于所属关系,故填of。
(7)考查冠词。句意:温暖的床(温度大约在20到24摄氏度之间)有助于人们入睡而冰冷的床则会妨碍人们入睡。空格位于谓语动词后,空格后为一个可数单数名词短语,所以空格处应填不定冠词。“good”是以辅音音素开始的,故填a。
(8)考查形容词。句意:它能帮助人们睡得更好,特别是当他们从大雪天进来,要花更长的时间才能让被窝暖和起来的时候。根据句意,这句话强调天冷的时候,要花更长的时间才能让被窝暖和起来,故填形容词比较级比较合适。故填longer。
(9)考查代词。句意:Chris Idzikowski博士和他的同事Jane Bednall说,这个主意就像是“往你的被窝儿里放个大热水瓶。”空格后是一个但数名词,且colleague与Chris Idzikowski之间是所属关系,所以应填形容词性的物主代词。Chris Idzikowski是男士,故填his。
(10)考查介词。句意:这个五分钟就能暖床的环节这个月底将在伦敦与曼彻斯特实行。at the end of固定短语,“在……末端; 在……的结尾”,故填at。
【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词,状语从句,名词,时态,定语从句,介词,冠词,形容词,代词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇科技类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
2.语法填空
Many of the earth's plants and animals have already________(die) out, and a hundred species become ________(endanger) every day. If nothing is done, we may find ourselves________ (lonely) on the earth.
Wild animals live in the________ (forest) which are being destroyed by people. As________ result, the animals are ________(lose) their habitats. Without the trees, the animals are short of food. And many animals are dying out because of pollution.
I suggest that measures should be taken ________(protect) wildlife. The government should keep people ________destroying forests and shut down the factories ________ pollute rivers and air, I think more wildlife reserves should also be ________(build).
【答案】 Died;endangered;alone;forests;a;losing;to protect;from;which/that;built
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,地球上的很多动、植物已经灭绝,一百个物种每天都变得濒临绝境,我们应该采取措施保护野生动植物。
(1)考查时态。句意:地球上的很多动、植物已经灭绝。根据句意可知句子用现在完成时态,故填died。
(2)考查非谓语动词。句意:一百个物种每天都变得濒临绝境。endangered为形容词化的分词形式,意为“濒临灭绝的”,故填endangered。
(3)考查形容词。句意:如果没有采取措施,我们可能发现我们自己在地球上独自存在。alone “独自的,单独的”,答案为alone。
(4)考查名词。句意:野生动物生活在被人正在毁掉的森林里。根据句意可知名词用复数形式,故答案为forests。
(5)考查冠词。as a result固定短语,“结果”,故填a。
(6)考查时态。句意:动物正在失去它们的栖息地。句子用现在进行时态,故填losing。
(7)考查非谓语动词。此处是动词不定式做目的状语,故填to protect。
(8)考查介词。keep sb. from doing sth.固定短语,“阻止某人做某事”,故填from。
(9)考查定语从句。句意:关闭污染河流和空气的工厂。此处factories是先行词,指物,在后面的定语从句中做主语,故填which/that。
(10)考查语态。句意:我认为还应该建立更多的野生动物保护区。根据句意可知句子用含情态动词的被动语态,故填built。
【点评】本题考点涉及时态,非谓语动词,形容词,名词,冠词,时态,介词,定语从句以及语态等多个知识点的考查,是一篇环保类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
3.语法填空
Nearly 800 new pupils of Lianhua Elementary School in Hefei, Anhui Province, is reported ________(receive) a unique gift: an admission letter ________ their names are written by teachers using Chinese writing brush. ________(similar), Shaanxi Normal University has been sending their freshmen calligraphy admission for eleven years. Several former professors in ________ 70s take about a week writing more than 4,500 admission letters every year.
It is believed in China that "handwriting is the man," ________ (mean) good handwriting can not only cultivate one's temperament (气质), but can also reflect one's literacy and character. At present, ________(tradition) calligraphy has again become a compulsory lesson in many Chinese primary and middle schools, which aims ________(enhance) students' cultural competence. At the same time, parents are attaching great importance ________ children's calligraphy practice. It is fair to say that calligraphy is not left out in today's fast-paced society; ________, its incomparable value is standing out.
The charm of Chinese culture embodied in calligraphy can always strike a chord with writers and ________(view). Do you have any interest in learning it?
【答案】 to have received;where;Similarly;their;meaning;traditional;to enhance;to;instead;viewers
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了中国传统书法越来越受重视。
(1)考查非谓语动词。句意:据报道,安徽省合肥市莲花小学近800名新生收到了一份特殊的礼物。be reported to have done固定短语,"据说/传闻……"的事情发生在过去,对现在有影响。故填to have received。
(2)考查定语从句。句意:他们的名字由老师们用毛笔书写的通知书。句中先行词为an admission letter,在定语从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词where。故填where。
(3)考查副词。句意:无独有偶,陕西师范大学已经向新生寄送书法录取通知书有11个年头了。这里用副词修饰整个句子。故填Similarly。
(4)考查代词。句意:每年,数名70岁高龄的退休教授会花一个礼拜左右的时间写完4500余份录取通知书。in one's 70s“在某人70多岁的时候”。这里指代former professors,故用their。故填their。
(5)考查非谓语动词。句意:中国人相信"字如其人也就是说,好的笔迹不仅能够修身养性,还能反映出一个人的读写能力和性格。句中逻辑主语handwriting is the man与mean之间为主动关系,故用现在分词。故填meaning。
(6)考查形容词。句意:现在在很多中国中小学,传统书法再一次成了必修课,其目标在于提高学生的文化能力。修饰名词calligraphy,前用形容词形式。故填traditional。
(7)考查非谓语动词。句意:现在在很多中国中小学,传统书法再一次成了必修课,其目标在于提高学生的文化能力。aim to do固定短语,“目的在于做”。故填to enhance。
(8)考查介词。句意:与此同时,家长也愈加重视孩子们的写字习惯了。attach importance to固定短语,“认为……有重要意义”,故填to。
(9)考查副词。句意:书法在当今这个快节奏的社会中不仅没有过时,反而价值突显。instead位于句首,连接上下句。通常是上句先否定一种情况,再以instead引出下句,提出相反的情况。故填instead。
(10)考查名词。句意:中国传统文化在书法中体现出来的魅力总是能够引起作者和观者的共鸣。这里由and连接与writers并列,故填viewers,表示"观看者"。故填viewers。
【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词,定语从句,副词,代词,形容词,介词以及名词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
4.语法填空
It is reported ________ over 100,000 people took part in a massive parade at Beijing's Tian'anmen Square ________ the morning of Oct 1, National Day, ________ (celebrate) the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China. "Participants from all walks of life and ethnic groups attended ________ceremony, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan compatriots(同胞), overseas Chinese and foreigners ________(include)", said Du Feijin, head of the publicity department of the Beijing Committee of the Communist Party of China. "Tian'anmen Square featured red decorations representing the ________ (glory) history of the Party as it led the Chinese revolution to victory", he said, ________ (add) that 70 red lanterns ware hung parallel to the east and west sides of the square. A series of ________ (active) like raising the national flag, singing the national anthem and commemorating revolutionary martyrs(烈士) held nationwide to let ________ (many) people take part in celebrating the birthday of the motherland. Besides, a documentary which featured highlights during the 70-year journey ________(broadcast) on TV.
【答案】 that;on;to celebrate;the;included;glorious;adding;activities;more;was broadcast
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了10月1日庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年的情况。
(1)考查主语从句。句意:据报道,10月1日国庆节当天上午,有10多万人在北京天安门广场参加了庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年的盛大。it is reported that…固定句式,“据报道……”,故填that。
(2)考查介词。句意:据报道,10月1日国庆节当天上午,有10多万人在北京天安门广场参加了庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年的盛大。on the morning of固定短语,“在……的早晨”,具体的日子之前用介词on,故填on。
(3)考查非谓语动词。句意:据报道,10月1日国庆节当天上午,有10多万人在北京天安门广场参加了庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年的盛大。本句中celebrate做非谓语动词,做目的状语用不定式。故填to celebrate。
(4)考查冠词。句意:北京宣传部杜飞金表示:“来自各行各业和各民族的代表参加了仪式,包括港澳台同胞、海外华人和外国人。”此处特指10月1日国庆节当天上午举行的阅兵仪式,故填the。
(5)考查非谓语动词。北京宣传部杜飞金表示:“来自各行各业和各民族的代表参加了仪式,包括港澳台同胞、海外华人和外国人。”included在句中做非谓语动词,与上文列举的Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan compatriots, overseas Chinese and foreigners构成被动表示“被包括在内的”,故填included。
(6)考查形容词。句意:他说:“天安门广场上的红色装饰代表了党领导中国取得胜利的光荣历史,”他还补充说,70盏红灯笼与天安门广场东西两侧平行悬挂。history为名词需要形容词修饰,故填glorious。
(7)考查非谓语动词。句意:他说:“天安门广场上的红色装饰代表了党领导中国取得胜利的光荣历史,”他还补充说,70盏红灯笼与天安门广场东西两侧平行悬挂。本句中add做非谓语动词,与逻辑主语he构成主动关系用现在分词,故填adding。
(8)考查名词。句意:在全国范围内举行升旗、唱国歌、纪念先烈等一系列活动,让更多的人参与到庆祝祖国生日的活动中来。activity为可数名词,由a series of修饰应用复数形式,故填activities。
(9)考查形容词。句意:在全国范围内举行升旗、唱国歌、纪念先烈等一系列活动,让更多的人参与到庆祝祖国生日的活动中来。结合句意可知“让更多的人参与到庆祝祖国生日的活动中来”应用形容词比较级,故填more。
(10)考查时态语态。句意:此外,电视还播放了一部讲述70年历程的纪录片。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动,且事情发生在过去用一般过去时,主语为a documentary,故填was broadcast。
【点评】本题考点涉及主语从句,介词,非谓语动词,冠词,形容词,名词以及时态语态等多个知识点的考查,是一篇介绍类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
5.阅读下面文,在空处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China's Liangzhu Archaeological Site ________(declare) on the list of World Heritage sites on Saturday by UNESCO's World Heritage Committee during its 43rd session in Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan.
The site, ________is located in Yuhang District in Hangzhou City in China's eastern Zhejiang Province, showcases the civilization of prehistoric rice agriculture between 3,300 B.C. ________ 2,300 B.C. The ruins of ancient Liangzhu city were discovered in 2007, and then large dam sites ________(surround) the Liangzhu ancient city were unearthed continuously after 2009. It was ________ (official) submitted lo UNESCO in 2019, hoping to win ________ (recognize) as a World Cultural Heritage Site. The site ________ (include) archaeological remains and unearthed cultural relics of the Liangzhu Ancient City as well as a wetland that covers ________ area of 908. hectares in a plain river network. It is also found that the Liangzhu ancestors started to use characters about 5 ,000 years ago, 1 ,000 years ________ (early) than previously thought, according to Colin Renfrew, a retired professor of archaeology at the University of Cambridge.
The World Heritage Committee added Liangzhu to the UNESCO list ________(encourage) better protection of the site, considered to be of "outstanding universal value" to humanity.
【答案】 was declared;which;and;surrounding;officially;recognition;includes;an;earlier;to encourage
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道,介绍了联合国教科文组织世界遗产委员会在阿塞拜疆首都巴库举行的第43届会议上,于周六宣布中国良渚遗址为世界遗产。同时说明了良渚遗址的一些情况。
(1)考查时态语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,且根据时间状语on Saturday可知为一般过去时,主语为Liangzhu Archaeological Site,谓语动词用单数形式。故填was declared。
(2)考查定语从句。本句为非性定语从句,修饰先行词site,且先行词在从句中做主语,表示“遗址”故用关系代词which。因此填which。
(3)考查连词。between…and…固定短语,“在……之间”。故填and。
(4)考查非谓语动词。句意:2007年发现良渚古城遗址,2009年以后,围绕良渚古城的大型水坝遗址陆续出土。分析句子结构可知surround在句中做非谓语动词,与逻辑主语dam sites构成主动关系,故用现在分词。故填surrounding。
(5)考查副词。句意:它于2019年正式提交联合国教科文组织,希望获得世界文化遗产的认可。修饰句中动词submit应用副词,故填officially。
(6)考查名词。此处做win的宾语,且表示“认可”应用名词recognition。故填recognition。
(7)考查时态。本空为句子的谓语动词,且结合语境描述客观事实用一般现在时,主语为site,故谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填includes。
(8)考查冠词。area为可数名词,此处表示泛指应用不定冠词,且area为元音音素开头的单词。cover an area of“占地.....面积”,故填an。
(9)考查形容词。根据下文“than previously thought”可知应用形容词比较级,故填earlier。
(10)考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词added,分析句子结构可知encourage在句中做非谓语动词,且作目的状语故用不定式。故填to encourage。
【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态,定语从句,连词,形容词,副词,名词,时态,冠词,形容词,非谓语动词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇新闻报道,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
6.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Vegetarianism(素食主义)is becoming one rising trend in the UK, as more people are deciding not ________(eat) meat and animal products. Vegetarians are people who don't eat meat, while vegans are people who don't eat or use any animal products at all. These lifestyles ________(become) more well-known in the UK. ________ are Britons cutting out meat? Many are unhappy about the poor treatment of animals and the effects of meat and fish production ________ the environment. ________(worry) about food safety and foodborne illnesses, such as mad cow disease, have also played a part. Others choose to change their eating habits in order to become ________ (healthy). According to the Vegetarian Society, a meat-free diet can help reduce ________ risk of certain cancers, as well as heart disease and high blood pressure.
Organic farming is ________ rising trend that is appearing in the UK. Many people are rejecting genetically modified(转基因的)food and want their food to be ________(organic) produced. Organic farmers use very few or no chemicals. Organic meat ________(produce) without the use of drugs.
【答案】 to eat;are becoming;Why;on;Worries;healthier;the;another;organically;is produced
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,素食主义在英国逐渐增加,越来越多的英国人决定不食用肉类和动物产品。根据素食协会的说法,无肉饮食可以帮助降低某些癌症、心脏病和高血压的风险。
(1)考查非谓语动词。句意:素食主义在英国正成为一种上升趋势,越来越多的人决定不吃肉和动物制品。decide to do固定短语,“决定做……”。故填to eat。
(2)考查时态。句意:这种生活方式在英国越来越出名。根据语境可知,此处应使现在进行时,表示逐渐变化的过程。故填is becoming。
(3)考查疑问词。根据下文“许多人对虐待动物以及肉类和鱼类生产的影响感到不满”可知,此处指“为什么英国人不吃肉?”故填Why。
(4)考查介词。句意:许多人对虐待动物以及肉类和鱼类生产对环境的影响感到不满。have an effect on固定短语,“对……有影响”。故填on。
(5)考查名词。句意:对食品安全和像疯牛病这样的食源性疾病的担忧也起到了一定的作用。根据句意及谓语动词have可知,此处应使用名词复数。故填Worries。
(6)考查形容词。句意:其他人选择改变他们的饮食习惯是为了变得更健康。根据语境可知,此处应使用比较级。故填healthier。
(7)考查冠词。句意:据素食协会称,无肉饮食可以帮助降低某些癌症、心脏病和高血压的风险。根据语境可知,此处表特指,应使用定冠词。故填the。
(8)考查形容词。句意:有机农业是另一个正在英国兴起的趋势。another“另外的”。故填another。
(9)考查副词。句意:许多人拒绝转基因食品,希望他们的食物是有机生产的。此处修饰动词produce,应使用副词形式。故填organically。
(10)考查时态语态。句意:有机肉类的生产不需要药物。根据语境可知,此处应使用被动语态,且描述的是客观事实,应使用一般现在时。故填is produced。
【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词,时态,介词,名词,形容词,冠词,副词以及语态等多个知识点的考查,是一篇社会现象类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
7.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Digital receipts offer a few improvements over ________(tradition) paper receipts. One is health-related. Lots of receipt paper contains bisphenol—A, or BPA. This chemical can completely influence or outright change some bodily processes, like hair growth, hormone function and cell repair. ________ (reduce) receipt paper reduces the risk for BPA exposure for not only consumers but also for employees who handle the paper ________ a more routine basis.
Another reason why digital receipts are better just boils down to ________ (convenient). You can access those receipts through your email and file ________ (they) away in a separate folder or with a specific label for easy sorting. Or, if you need more help on the organization front, try a receipt tracking app. Physical receipts require you physically ________ (keep) track of them, and that means a shoe box or an accordion folder or a big thumb tack on a cork board in the kitchen. There have been times when I've let something go unreturned ________ I didn't have the receipt. I'm betting I'm not alone on that.
Some businesses, particularly local ones, use newer point of sale systems like Square that will ________ (automatic) send you a digital receipt if you've already received one from another business that uses Square. When you pay with the same credit you did at the first seller, and you've already provided ________ email address to the Square system, you ________ (get) a receipt in your email minutes later.
【答案】 traditional;Reducing;on;convenience;them;to keep;because;automatically;an;will get
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了与使用传统纸质票据相比,使用电子票据的益处。
(1)考查形容词。句意:数字收据比传统的纸质收据有一些改进。此处作定语修饰名词 receipts应用形容词。故填traditional。
(2)考查非谓语动词。句意:减少纸质收据的使用不仅降低了消费者接触BPA的风险,也降低了那些经常使用纸质收据的员工接触BPA的风险。分析句子结构可,此句缺少主语,此处时动名词作主语。故填Reducing。
(3)考查介词。句意:减少纸质收据的使用不仅降低了消费者接触BPA的风险,也降低了那些经常使用纸质收据的员工接触BPA的风险。on a…basis固定短语,“在……的基础上”。故填on。
(4)考查名词。句意为:数字收据更好的第四个原因归结起来就是方便。boil down to固定短语,“归结起来是,其结果是”,此处名词作介词to的宾语。故填convenience。
(5)考查代词。句意:你可以通过电子邮件查看这些收据,并将它们归档到一个单独的文件夹中,或者用一个特定的标签进行分类。此处指代前面名词复数 those receipts 在句子中作宾语应用人称代词宾格形式them。故填them。
(6)考查非谓语动词。句意:有形的收据需要你亲自去记录。require sb. to do sth.固定短语,“请求某人做某事”,动词不定式作require的宾补。故填to keep。
(7)考查连词。句意:有好几次,我因为没有收据而不能把东西退回了。本句为原因状语从句,表示“因为”应用because。 故填because。
(8)考查副词。句意:Square会自动给你发送电子收据。修饰动词send应用其副词形式。故填automatically。
(9)考查冠词。句意:您已经向Square系统提供了一个电子邮件地址。address是可数名词,且此处表泛指,应用不定冠词,又因 address的发音是以元音音素开头的,应填an。
(10)考查时态。句意:你会在几分钟后收到一封邮件。此处为主句谓语动词,根据when引导的时间状语从句的时态可知,此处主句为一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来。故填一般将来时。故填will get。
【点评】本题考点涉及形容词,非谓语动词,介词,名词,代词,连词,副词,冠词以及时态等多个知识点的考查,是一篇科技类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
8.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
I recently heard a story about a famous scientist. When he ________(ask) why he was able to succeed, he gave the answer. It all came from an experience with ________ mother when he was about two years old. "I was trying to get a bottle of milk from the fridge when I lost the bottle and it fell, spilling (溢出) the milk all over the floor-a sea of milk! I got ________ (frighten) and I didn't know what to do!" he said.
Instead of ________(punish) him, his mother asked him to play in the milk for a while. Then she said, " You know, we failed in how to ________(successful) carry a big milk bottle with two tiny ________(hand) just now. Let's go out in the yard and fill the bottle ________ water to see if you can discover a way to carry it."
This famous scientist then remarked that it was at that moment that he ________(know) he didn't need to be afraid to make mistakes ________ were actually opportunities for learning something new. Even if the experiment "doesn't work", we usually learn something ________(value) from it
【答案】 was asked;his;frightened;punishing;successfully;hands;with;knew;which/that;valuable
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,一位著名科学家和大家分享了他成功的一个小故事:小时候,有一次他把牛奶洒在了地板上。母亲非但没有批评他,反而让他玩了一会儿。通过这次经历,科学家明白了一个道理:犯错其实是学习新东西的机会。即使实验"不成功",我们通常也能从中学到一些有价值的东西。
(1)考查时态语态。句意:当他被问到为什么他能够成功的时候,他给出了答案。主语he和ask之间是被动关系,该句应用被动语态。且根据主语中的gave可知,该句应用一般过去时态。故填was asked。
(2)考查代词。根据下文他的讲述内容可知,他谈论的是自己的妈妈对自己的影响。且该空修饰名词mother,应用形容词性物主代词。故填his。
(3)考查形容词。句意:我很害怕,我不知道该做些什么。get是系动词,后面接形容词作表语。且此处表示人的情绪,应用frightened。故填frightened。
(4)考查非谓语动词。该空作介词of的宾语,应用动名词,故填punishing。
(5)考查副词。句意:刚才我们没能成功地用两只小手拎起一个大牛奶瓶。该空修饰动词carry,应用副词。故填successfully。
(6)考查名词。空前有two修饰,应用名词复数。故填hands。
(7)考查介词。句意:我们到院子里去,把瓶子装满水,看看你能不能想个办法把它搬过来。该题考查fill sth. with sth.,固定短语,"用……装满……",故填with。
(8)考查时态。句意:这位著名的科学家接着说,就在那一刻,他知道他不需要害怕犯错,错误其实是学习新东西的机会。该空在句中作谓语,且根据上下文可知,这是发生在过去的事情,应用一般过去时态。故填knew。
(9)考查定语从句。"_______ were actually opportunities for learning something new"是定语从句,修饰mistakes,引导词在从句中作主语,指物,应用关系代词which/that引导该从句。故填which/that。
(10)考查形容词。句意:我们通常从中学到一些有价值的东西。该空修饰不定代词,应用形容词,故填valuable。
【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态,代词,形容词,非谓语动词,副词,名词,介词以及定语从句等多个知识点的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
9.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式(每空至多3词)。
When an important holiday comes, I usually think of what gifts to buy or prepare for my family members. It is the act itself rather than the thing you buy that ________(matter). Either a small present, a text message or a phone call can mean a lot to the receivers. ________, I had never got anything from my son, who is a university student. Parents never forget to celebrate their children's birthday, but their children seem to be very ________ (forget). They seldom do something in return.
Life is unpredictable, and you never know what will happen tomorrow. When my son came back during the summer vacation, my wife and I, as usual, ________ (meet) him at the station. ________arriving home, much to my surprise, my son took out a wrist watch and gave it to me, ________ (say) it was a birthday gift for me. It is a very fashionable watch, ________ shows not only hours, minutes and seconds but days as well. You can imagine how surprised and excited I was at that moment.
Some people say children get too much care and love from their parents and just take them for granted. It is natural for people to have such concerns and ________(worry), but things may not turn out as badly as ________ (expect). We need to look more at the positive side of life, as a famous writer once said, "Life is ________best classroom one can never get."
【答案】 matters;However;forgetful;met;On/Upon;saying;which;worries;expected;the
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文,作者最开始认为父母对孩子的爱从来都没有回报,但通过儿子暑假回来送给他一块手表作为生日礼物这件事改变了作者的看法。
(1)考查主谓一致及时态。句意:重要的是行为本身而不是你买的东西。此处描述的客观事实,应使用一般现在时;同时这里用了强调句“It is +强调部分+that...”,强调句的特点是去掉It is 和that剩余句子成分还能构成完整句子,matter是动词“重要”的意思,陈述句是The act itself rather than the thing you buy matters。故填matters。
(2)考查副词。根据文章第一句“When an important holiday comes, I usually think of what gifts to buy or prepare for my family members.”每当重要的节日到来,我通常会考虑给家人买或准备什么礼物和第四句“I had never got anything from my son,”我从未收到我儿子的任何东西,可知,前后有转折关系,再加上空格后面有逗号,应使用转折副词however。故填However。
(3)考查形容词。句意:父母永远不会忘记庆祝他们孩子的生日。seem to be固定短语,“好像是...”后面加形容词或名词,这里可以判断是形容词“健忘的”。故填forgetful。
(4)考查时态。句意:像往常一样我太太和我去车站接他。根据“When my son came back during the summer vacation,”这个时间状语从句可以判断主句“my wife and I, as usual, ___4___ (meet) him at the station.”中的meet也用过去式。故填met。
(5)考查介词。句意:让我们大为吃惊的是,一到家我儿子就拿出一块表送给我。介词后面加名词、代词、动名词,arriving 是动名词,根据句意可以判断用on/upon表示“一...就”。故填On/Upon。
(6)考查非谓语动词。句意:让我们大为吃惊的是,一到家我儿子就拿出一块表送给我,说是给我的生日礼物。动词say和前面句子没有连词连接说明say不能和谓语动词took out 同等地位,即say 是非谓语动词,它和逻辑主语my son是主动关系,应使用现在分词saying。故填saying。
(7)考查定语从句。句意:它是块非常时尚的手表,不但有时针、分针和秒针还有日期。空格处缺少主语,前面先行词a very fashionable watch是物做后面从句主语,有逗号隔开是非性定语从句,应使用关系代词which。故填which。
(8)考查名词。句意:人们关心和担忧是很自然的。并列连词and前面是可数名词复数concerns“关心的事情”,可以判断worry在这里是可数名词“担忧的事情”,也应使用复数形式。故填worries。
(9)考查非谓语动词。句意:事情不会和预期的一样糟糕。as+形容词/副词+as和...一样,引导比较状语从句,as badly as后面完整句子应该是things are expected,在状语从句中当主句的主语和从句的主语是同一个,可以省去从句主语和系动词,只保留动词,这里expect应为被动,所以用过去分词expected。故填expected。
(10)考查冠词。句意:生活是人们能够得到的最好课堂。这里best是形容词good的最高级修饰后面名词classroom, 形容词最高级要加定冠词the。故填the。
【点评】本题考点涉及主谓一致,时态,副词,形容词,时态,介词,定语从句,名词,非谓语动词以及冠词等多个知识点的考查,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,是一篇人生感悟类阅读,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。
10.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I felt butterflies in my stomach when I started calligraphy class ten years ago. I wondered what I was doing there. At that moment, I couldn't have known that I'd just made one of the best________(choose) of my life.
I sat down and listened to the teacher________(introduce) the tools of the craft. Then it was time for me to try my hand I took up the brush, using the correct gesture,________ (dip) it in the ink, and carefully wrote "one"________Chinese.
After nearly five years of practicing. I started to make versions of well-known poems. Calligraphy seemed like a bridge,________connected me to authors from centuries past. Stroke(笔画)by stroke, word by word, I could feel their emotions, cherished my own peace and learned________(appreciate) my daily life.
Now, calligraphy is not just________hobby, it is a way to remove myself from the ________ (worry) of life. Rolling out the paper, I can write for a whole day. Calligraphy ________(able) me to balance my busy schedule and live________(peace).
【答案】 choices;introducing;dipped;in;which;to appreciate;a;worries;enables;peacefully
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者学习书法的经历及书法对自己的影响。
(1)考查名词。句意:在那时,我不知道我做了我一生中最好的选择之一。作动词made的宾语用名词,one of后接可数名词复数,故填choices。
(2)考查非谓语动词。句意:我坐下来听老师介绍这门课程的工具。the teacher 与introduce之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,表示主动,此处强调动作正在进行,用现在分词作宾补,故填introducing。
(3)考查时态。句意:然后是时候试一下了,我用正确的姿势拿起毛笔,蘸了蘸墨水,认真地用中文写了“一”。and连接三个并列的动作,根据“took up”可知用一般过去时,故填dipped。
(4)考查介词。句意:然后是时候试一下了,我用正确的姿势拿起毛笔,蘸了蘸墨水,认真地用中文写了“一”。in+语言表示“使用某种语言(字体)”,故填in。
(5)考查定语从句。句意:经过近五年的练习,我开始临摹著名的诗歌,书法就像一座桥,把我和几个世纪前的诗人联系在一起。此处为非限定性定语从句,关系词指代整个主句内容并在从句中作主语,故填which。
(6)考查非谓语动词。句意:一笔一划,一字一句中,我能感受到诗人的情感,珍惜自己的平静,学会欣赏自己的日常生活。learn to do固定短语,“学会做……”,故填to appreciate。
(7)考查冠词。句意:现在,书法不仅仅是一种爱好,它是一种让自己远离生活烦恼的方式。hobby是发音以辅音音素开头的可数名词,此处泛指“一种爱好”,故填a。
(8)考查名词。句意:现在,书法不仅仅是一种爱好,它是一种让自己远离生活烦恼的方式。worry表示“令人烦恼的事”时是可数名词,此处用复数表泛指,故填worries。
(9)考查时态和主谓一致。句意:书法使我能平衡繁忙的日程和平静的生活。enable sb to do sth固定短语,“使某人能够做某事”,陈述的是客观事实用一般现在时,主语是Calligraphy,谓语动词用第三人称单数,故填enables。
(10)考查副词。句意:书法使我能平衡繁忙的日程和平静的生活。修饰动词live用副词,故填peacefully。
【点评】本题考点涉及名词,非谓语动词,时态,介词,定语从句,冠词,名词,主谓一致以及副词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。