名词单复数变形及练习

1、规则变化 

1) 一般情况直接加s，如photo→photos     car→cars 

2) 以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的词加es，如bus→buses     watch→watches  

注意：四个以o结尾加es变复数的单词：黑人negroes,英雄heroes,土豆potatoes,西红柿tomatoes  口诀：“黑人英雄爱吃土豆西红柿”

3) 以ce,se,ze,(d)ge等结尾的词加s，如license→licenses  

4) 以辅音字母+y 结尾的词变y 为i再加es，如baby→babies

注意：以元音字母+y结尾的词直接加s变复数，如 boy→boys; key→keys

5）以“f”,"fe"结尾，把f或fe改成 v + es，如wife→wives 

 2、 不规则变化 

1)child→children    foot→feet    tooth→teeth  mouse→mice     man→men    woman→women  

注意：与 man 和 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。 

2）单复同形  

如 deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese  

但除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如:  a dollar, two dollars;    a meter, two meters； a pound，two pounds  

3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。  

如： people  police  cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说 a people，a police，a cattle， 但可以说 a person，a policeman，a head of cattle（一头牛）。 

the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。  

如： The Chinese are industries and brave. 中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。

4）以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如：maths，politics，physics，news，the United States，the United Nations 是单数。  如：The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。   

5) 表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses (眼镜)， trousers, clothes  

若表达具体数目，要借助数量词，如 a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers ；a piece of clothes.

其他需要借助数量词表达具体数目的名词短语：a cup of tea/coffee/water; a bottle of milk/ juice/ ink; a piece of advice/suggestion/ bread/ cake/ paper/news; two drops of ink(两滴墨水) 。

练习

1.写出下列名词复数形式                                                      leaf______box_______knife_______fly______fox______  bus______  beach_____  brush_____ kiss______ church______ dish_____ ruler______ peach________ glass_____ pencil________ boy______ zoo______ man______ roof_______ sheep_______ knife______ lady______ key______ story______ watch______ bamboo______ city______ family______ day_____ apple_______ eraser______ speech______ thief______ mouse______ fish_____ goose____ people ______ ox_____ Chinese _______ deer _______ foot______ child_______ tooth_______ guy________ hero_______ spy______ boss_____ monkey______ city ______ goat ______ radio ________ horse ______ dog ______  

2.用括号里单词的正确形式填空

1>There are so many_______(wolf)in the forest.    

2>There are three _____(chair) in the classroom.   

3>These_______(tomato)are red.    

4>______(hero) are great. 

5>My brother looks after two______(baby)                

6>There are some ______(deer) eating the grass.

7>My father likes to eat _______(potato).

8>Chinese ______(people)like to eat noodles .

9>I have a lot of ______(toy) in my bedroom.

10>I help my mother wash ______(dish) in the kitchen.

11>I have two ______(pencil-box).  

12>There are some ______(bus)in the street.

13>Peter has eight _____(foot).   

14>Linda has three _______(tooth).

15>There are some ______(child) in the garden.

16>Michael likes the ______(mouse).

17>There are some ______(goose)in the river.

18>My uncle and father are _____(man).

19>Tom and King are _____(boy).  

 20>Linda has three ______(tooth)

3.翻译下列名词短语

1）一杯咖啡：                       2）一瓶牛奶：                       

3）一杯茶：                         4）一条新闻（news）:                     

5） 一个意见（advice）:              6） 一块蛋糕：                         

7）一瓶墨水（ink）:                  8）两瓶果汁：                     

9） 三张纸:                         10） 四杯水：