no one / nobody 常用来指人,作主语时谓语动词要用单数形式;
nothing 常用来指物,作主语时谓语动词也要用单数形式;
none 可指人也可指物,作主语时,如和 of 连用指不可数名词时,谓语动词要用单数形式;指可数名词时,谓语动词用单、复数均可。如:
Noone likes a person with bad manners.
Nothing is difficult in the world if you put your heart into it.
None of them has / have seen me before.
None of this money belongs to me.
注意:
1 ) none 可与 of 连用表示范围,而 no one / nobody 及 nothing 不可。
2 ) none 可用来回答 How many / much…? 的特殊疑问句;而 no one / nobody 及 nothing 则分别用来回答 Who…? 和 What…? 的特殊疑问句。如:
— How many birds are there in thetree?
—None.
— What is in the box?
—Nothing.
— Who is in the classroom?
—No one / Nobody.
3 ) none 可用来回答“ any + 名词”构成的一般疑问句:而 nobody 和 nothing 则分别用来回答由 anybody 和 anything 构成的一般疑问句。如:
— Is there any bread left?
— No,none at all.
— Is there anything in the sky?
— No,nothing.
2.none 与 not all /all…not
notall / all…not 表示三者或三者以上的部分否定;而 none 表示三者或三者以上的全部否定。如:
Notall ads are good. 并非所有的广告都好。
3.none but,nobody but 及 nothing but
nobody but 表示单一概念,谓语动词用单数形式;
none but 可指人也可指物,通常指前面提到的同一事物,谓语动词要用复数形式;
nothing but 泛指 but 后事物以外的任何事物。如:
Nobody but he is often late for school. 除他以外,没有人上学常迟到。
None but fools have even believed it. 除了傻瓜,没有人相信这一点。
There is a variety of fruit, but he chose nothing but an apple.
这儿有很多水果,但他只选了一个苹果。