We use there is and there are to say that something exists.
Positive Sentences
We use there is for singular and there are for plural.
∙There is one table in the classroom.
∙There are three chairs in the classroom.
∙There is a spider in the bath.
∙There are many people at the bus stop.
Contractions
The contraction of there is is there's.
∙There's a good song on the radio.
∙There's only one chocolate left in the box.
You cannot contract there are.
∙There are nine cats on the roof.
∙There are only five weeks until Christmas.
Negative Form
The negative is formed by putting not after is or are:
∙There is not a horse in the field.
∙There are not eight children in the school.
∙There is not a tree in the garden.
∙There are not two elephants in the zoo.
The Negative contractions are:
There's not = There isn't
There are not = There aren't
There Are with ANY
When we want to indicate that a zero quantity of something exists we use there aren't any.
∙There aren't any people at the party.
∙There aren't any trees in my street.
We also use this structure with uncountable nouns:
∙There isn't any water in the swimming pool.
∙There isn't any sugar in my coffee.
Questions
To form a question we place is / are in front of there.
Again we use any with plural questions or those which use uncountable nouns.
We also use there is / are in short answers.
∙Is there a dog in the supermarket? - No, there isn't.
∙Are there any dogs in the park? - Yes, there are.
∙Is there a security guard in the shop? - Yes, there is.
∙Are there any polar bears in Antarctica? - No, there aren't.
∙Is there any ice-cream in the freezer? - Yes, there is.
How Many with Are There
If we want to find out the number of objects that exist we use How many in the following form:
How many + plural noun + are there (+ complement).
∙How many dogs are there in the park?
∙How many students are there in your class?
∙How many countries are there in South America?
∙How many Star Wars films are there?