
【篇一:朗阁雅思入学测试卷 — 通用卷】
abulary
? choose the most appropriate answer a, b, c or d.
12345
some creatures were better at surviving and __b______ themselves than others, so they thrived at the others’ expense. a c
adopting
b d
subsisting germinating
reproducing
a 59-year-old man was executed by ________ injection this morning. a c
lethal
b d
inherent fertile
animate
sometimes a ________ of ants will hollow out a tree trunk leaving just the bark. a c
swarm herd
b d
pack colony
sheep and cows were two of the most important animals to be ________. a c
spawned
b d
domesticated constituted
slaughtered
what began as an isolated outbreak of flu has now developed into a countrywide ________. a c
phobia toxin
b d
epidemic contamination
? fill in the blank in each sentence with the most suitable words from the box.
6 7 8 9
feminism is about liberating women from enforced domestic and ________ drudgery. we owe it to our ________ to leave them a clean world to live in.
she decided to turn vegan after watching a documentary about how ________ is raised. many illnesses in the temporary refugee camps are the result of inadequate ________. they hold widely divergent opinions on controversial issues like ________.
10
part 2
grammar
? choose the correct letter to complete the sentences below.
11
i don’t enjoy _____a___ at by other people. a c
being laughed being laughing
b d
to be laughed to be laughing
12 1314
i hurt my back. i ______d__ that heavy box up two flights of stairs. a c
must not carry could not carry
b d
might not have carried should not have carried
at the present time, the oldest house in town ___b_____ by the history society. when the restoration ________, the house is sure to be a popular tourist attraction. a c
is to be restored, finishes
b d
is being restored, is finished
is being restored, is going to be finished
is restored, will be finished
according to a newspaper article which i read, the police arrested the man who _______b_ the first national bank. the man who ________ a plaid shirt and blue jeans was caught shortly after he had left the bank.
1516
a c
was robbing, had been worn had robbed, was wearing
b d
was robbed, had worn had been robbed, was to wear
the crime rate has continued to rise _b_______ the local police department has implemented several new crime prevention programs.
a c
simply because in spite of
b d
even though in the event that
______b__ the secret of how to make silk remained inside asia, europeans were forced to pay high sums of money for this mysterious material ________ overland to europe. a c
although, to have brought due to, to be bringing
b d
only if, to bring as long as, to be brought
1718
the psychologist spoke to us about some of the ___a_____ coincidences in the lives of twins ________ apart from each other from birth. a b
amazing, to live amazed, to live
b d
amazing, living amazed, living
it is estimated by those ____b____ in the hunger program that 3500 people ________ starvation in the world every day. a c
who work, die from whose work, die out
b d
that work, die of which work, die for
19
the house _b_______ born and grew up ________ in an earthquake ten years ago. a c
where i was, has destroyed
b
in which i was, was destroyed
among which i was, had been destroyed
for which i was, was destroyed d
20 candy
when mr. brown walked into the kitchen, he caught the children ____c____ some even though he’d told them ________ their dinners. a c
to eat, to be spoiled eating, not to spoil
b d
to be eaten, spoiling being eaten, not spoiled
part 3 reading
passage 1 birthday traditions in different countries
birthdays are celebrated all over the world. some traditions are fairly similar from country to country: candles, cakes and birthday wishes, birthday games and pinches for good luck. other customs are quite different. here are a few.
argentina – in argentina, as in many latin american countries, one of the most important birthday parties is a girl’s fifteenth. when girls turn 15, they have a huge party and dance the waltz first with their father, and then the boys at the party.
china – the birthday child pays respect to the parents and receives a gift of money. friends and relatives are invited to lunch, and noodles are served to wish the birthday child a long life.
denmark – a flag is flown outside a window to show that someone who lives in that house is having a birthday. presents are placed around the child’s bed while they are sleeping so they will see them immediately when they wake up.
the netherlands – special year birthdays such as 5, 10, 15, 20, 21 are called “crown” years and the birthday child receives an especially large gift. the family also decorates the birthday child’s chair with flowers or paper streamers, paper flowers and balloons.
india – usually indian children wear white to school. however, on their birthday children wear coloured clothes to school and give out chocolates to everyone in the class. their best friend helps them to do this.
japan – the birthday child wears new clothes to mark the occasion. certain birthdays are more important than others and these are celebrated with a visit to the local shrine. these are the third and seventh birthdays for girls and the fifth for boys.
? match the countries in the box with their descriptions.
21 22 23 24 25
a country where longevity is celebrated by a special dish a country where candies are distributed among peers
________ ________ ________ ________ ________
a country where the birthday is made known to the community a country where the household is full of birthday ornaments a country where religious worship is sometimes involved
passage 2 intelligence across cultures
what is intelligence? is it about being clever and getting a grades in all your school subjects? or is it more complicated than that? recent research in asia, africa and latin america suggests the concept of intelligence differs from culture to culture.
this research has shown that people in non-western cultures often have ideas about intelligence that differ fundamentally from those in western cultures. the studies show that people in western cultures tend to see intelligence in terms of one’s ability to solve problems engage in rational debate. meanwhile, eastern cultures see intelligence in terms of people’s ability to successfully play their roles within social hierarchies both at home and at work.
researchers at the national chi-nan university in taiwan found that chinese ideas of intelligence emphasize understanding and relating to others, including knowing when to show and when not to show one’s intelligence.
in a study conducted in san jose, california, immigrant parents from cambodia, mexico, the philippines and vietnam, as well as native-born anglo-americans and mexican-americans, were asked what they saw as important in the development of their children’s intelligence. parents from all groups – except anglo-americans – indicated that motivation and social skills were as important as, or more important than, academic skills in the development of their children.
another study shows major differences in how much importance is given to verbal and non-verbal communication skills. western cultures seem to value more highly the ability to say things clearly, whereas non-western cultures seem to value the use and understanding of gestures and facial expressions. intelligence expert david lazear says that in the western world we tend to think that the most important thing about being smart is to have skills in reading, writing and mathematics. ‘however, many asian cultures place at least equal value on the development of one’s interpersonal skills. these include being an effective team member, or the ability to create agreement within a group of people.
many asian cultures also highly rate the development of a person’s introspective abilities. this is the ability to “go inside” and acquire knowledge about yourself and then to be able to act on this increased self-knowledge. when i lived and worked in africa, i found great importance given to such things as dance, music, art and drama as ways to express the deep wisdom of the culture and to reinforce key personal and social values.
all the intelligences were valued, but somehow capacity in these areas was seen as special and even more profound.’
? complete the summary below with only one word from the passage.
the notion of intelligence varies significantly from one culture to another. in western cultures, a person’s intelligence is shown in his or her skills in seeking answers and participating in 26 ________________ discussions. however, eastern cultures emphasize a person’s capability to undertake their 27 ________________ roles within a ranking system. one research has shown that most immigrant families regard 28 ________________ and interpersonal skills as more crucial than learning skills in their kids’ personal development. in another study, many non-western cultures are found to place a lot of importance on utilizing 29 ________________ communication techniques such as gestures and facial expressions. moreover, many asian cultures think very highly of a person’s 30 ________________ ability, which means getting to know more about oneself.
part 4 writing
?
put the following sentences into the correct order to form a coherent
paragraph.
a
with the arrival of rock and pop in the second half of the last century, the protest song became more and more popular as artists discovered they could get their message across immediately to a wide audience. b c d
music proved an extremely effective way of getting people to think and challenge political decisions.
music has always been used to express all the different human feelings, from love and happiness, to sadness and anger.
one of the most famous examples of this was the importance of music in the 1960s counterculture movement – a movement which played an enormous part in events such as getting american soldiers out of vietnam and fighting for the civil rights of african-americans.
it is generally agreed that music as a form of protest probably originated in the cotton fields of america, with african slaves singing songs of freedom.
e
the correct order of the above five sentences should be:
________ ________ ________ ________
31 32 33 34
【篇二:北京朗阁雅思阅读四选一题型难点解析(下)------雅思】
=txt>朗阁海外考试研究中心
在上篇文章中,我们把四选一题目按照考查内容进行了分类,明确了有些题目是考作者的用词来推敲其意图,有些题目是考同义转换,而有些题目则是按照高频词汇和概括性词汇来选择。那么,这类题型的选项又有什么难点呢?朗阁海外考试研究中心分析认为,四选一题型选项的难点主要存在于干扰项上,所谓的干扰项就是看起来跟真正答案很相似,用来迷惑考生的判断力的选项。我们按照干扰项的迷惑性由强到弱,分为重要干扰项、错误干扰项和未提及干扰项。
一、 多选题目的重要干扰项
重要干扰项就是指,这种选项虽然不是正确答案,却与原文不冲突(或者很难判断是否与原文冲突),它们与正确答案看起来比较相似,只不过不如正确答案更准确、更完整或更严谨。我们看下面的例子:
in tarkovsky’s opinion, the attraction of the cinema is that it
a aims to impress its audience.
b tells stories better than books.
c illustrates the passing of time.
d describes familiar events.
我们可以定位到原文的c段和d段,c段提到:the frightened audience could not accept that they were watching a mere picture. pictures were still, only reality moved; this must, therefore, be reality. in their confusion, they feared that a real train was about to crush them. 这一段文字表达了观众当时的反应,观众们很难接受自己看到的是图画而不是事实。d段提到:the key to that magic was the way in which cinema created a dynamic image of the real flow of events. a still picture could only imply the existence of time, while time in a novel passed at the whim of the reader. but in cinema, the real, objective flow of time was captured. 这段文字描述了电影创造了事件随时间的发展演变,并且用picture和novel进行类比,强调电影的魔力是让人清楚地看到事情流畅地随时间演变。
根据这两段文字所表达的意思,很多学生会选择a或b选项,因为原文提及了观众、小说(书)的内容。a和b两个选项与原文所讲的内容并不是矛盾或完全不符合的。因此,这
两个选项就干扰了我们正确的选择。当我们把这两段文字仔细推敲之后,发现描述观众的反应和对比书和电影的区别,都是为了表达电影的魔力在于表达事件随时间的发展这一主题含义。c项的含义比ab要更准确,因此答案选择c项。
二、 多选题目的错误干扰项
相比之下,多选题目的错误干扰项就较容易识别出来了。我们可以看到,有些题目中,某个选项与原文是直接矛盾的,那么肯定不会选择它为正确的答案。比如:
a recent survey found that in british secondary schools,
a there was more bullying than had previously been the case.
b there was less bullying than in primary schools.
c cases of persistent bullying were very common.
d indirect forms of bullying were particularly difficult to deal with.
我们看到原文,其中有一句话是:there was less bullying in secondary schools, with about one in twenty-five suffering persistent bullying. 通过这句话,我们可以明显地判断出,c项的含义与原文是矛盾的。very common和one in twenty-five的比例是明显不符的。因此,c选项就是一个错误的干扰项,我们可以确定地排除答案是c项的可能性。
三、 多选题目的未提及干扰项
有的干扰项在原文中并不存在,或者说根据原文无法判断这个选项是否正确,这种就是原文未提及的干扰项。此类干扰项难度也不大,但是却是考查四选一时最常出现的、数量最多的干扰项。这种题的考查形式类似于t/f/ng判断题中,not given的考查点。也就是说,选项提到的所谓的“事实”、“实验结果”、“某人的观点”等内容是原文没有涉及的或是我们无法根据原文提及的点来清楚判断的。这种选项当然不是正确答案,像我们上文提到的第一个例子中的d选项和第二个例子中的a/d选项,都是典型的未提及的干扰项。这种选项虽然干扰性很弱,容易被大家排除,但是,也是耗费我们做题时间的地方。我们需要逐个对比原文,判断每个选项是否是我们需要的、符合题干的选项,这里面就夹杂了未提及干扰项。若是某个选项涉及的内容没有被我们找到,而我们误判这个选项为未提及干扰项,也会导致错误。因此朗阁海外考试研究中心提醒考生们在将选项与原文对比的过程必须要谨慎,如果由于忽略了原文的线索,将正确答案误判为未提及干扰项,那么未提及干扰项反而成了最难的考点。
总之,我们在做题时,要逐一将选择题的选项与原文进行对照,排除掉与原文相矛盾的选项和原文未提及的选项,找出正确的答案,这样才能够提升四选一题型的正确率。按照通常的考题干扰项比率,在四个选项中,除去正确答案,剩余的三个选项是错误干扰项和未提及干扰项的比率为1:2,因此,大家在做题时,在找到正确答案之前,任何一个选项都不能忽略,必须有明确的依据和肯定的判断才可以得到较高的正确率。
【篇三:北京朗阁雅思阅读是非无判断题四大难点】
txt>朗阁海外考试研究中心
雅思阅读与中国四六级等传统考试在题型上的一大不同点就是出现了一种是非无判断题型。由于考生之前从未接触过这类题型,在考试时往往会大量丢分,从而影响总成绩。朗阁海外考试研究中心分析认为,是非无判断题之所以比较难,不光是因为这类题型属于细节题,在原文中比较难定位,还因为这类题目中一般存在考点词,初次接触雅思阅读的考生不容易把握题目中的考点词。本文中,笔者将选择学生在练习过程中经常出错的几道判断题,从四个方面来解释导致是非无判断题做错的潜在原因。
1. 题目费解
对于词汇量不是太大的学生,比如基础阶段或突破阶段上升到精品阶段的学生,题目中有时出现的词汇会导致他们理解困难,由于对题目的意思没有一个总体的把握,从而导致失分。比如剑桥4 test 4 passage 2 the nature and aims of archeology, 第18题 archaeology is a more demanding field of study than anthropology. 在这道题中,定位词为 archaeology, anthropology, 考点词为more demanding than。很多学生对于理解demanding一词时会有费解,这个单词在这道题中应该表示要求更多的,更费精力的,更耗时的。文章第四段最后一句 anthropology is thus a broad discipline- so broad that it is generally broken down into three smaller discipline: physical anthropology, cultural anthropology and archaeology. 在这句话中确实出现了题目中的两个定位词,假如考生将demanding误解成广或者大之类的含义,则会选择答案为true。但是由于题目中的demanding是费力、耗时的意思,在此句话中并未提及两门课的具体工作的难度比较,所以正确答案应该为not given。
2. 题目中的定位词不易判断
第二种情况当题目比较长,比较复杂时,考生可能会找错定位词从而误判考题。比如剑桥4 test one passage one 第5题 the study involved asking children a number of yes/ no
questions such as are there any rainforests in africa? 通常考生会选择题目中的特殊标点符号或特殊字体去定位,因此往往确定了yes/no questions 或者are there any rainforests in africa? 作为解题的定位词。事实上,当我们再仔细阅读题目,可以发现此题的重点是在讲这个研究包含了什么问题,假如原文中讲到这个研究包含的是另外一种问题,仅仅根据包含后面的内容去找,有可能会误断为not given。这道题最好的定位词应该找句子的主语the study, 在原文的第四段首句,我们就可以发现出现了the study这个词眼 the study surveys...secondary school students were asked to complete a questionnaire containing five open-form questions. 因此此题的正确答案应该为false。对于定位词的把握不是太确定的考生,朗阁海外考试研究中心建议可以在题目中找两至三个定位词。
3. 定位词不易定位
第三种情况是当考生分析好题目,确定了定位词和考点词,但是回原文寻找时,却找不到原文所对应的内容。这一类情况又分为两种情形。
a. 定位词在原文中发生了较大的转变
剑桥5 test 2 passage 3 the birth of scientific english 第37题 in 17th century britain, leading thinkers combined their interest in science with an interest in how to express ideas. 这道题的定位词应该为leading thinkers, interest in science以及how to express ideas, 考察的重点在combine...with...上面。在原文中并未明确涉及这三点,这就需要我们把how to express ideas理解成language, 在原文的第四段最后一句some of these scholars, including two with the interest in language- helped found the royal society in 1660 in order to promote empirical scientific research. 句中出现的1660年,对应题目中的17th century; interest in language对应题目中的interest in how to express ideas; promote empirical scientific research对应题目中的interest in science, 所以此题的确切答案应该为true。
b. 理解定位词所在的内容还需要联系前文
有些判断题,在原文中定位到定位词还不够,还需要联系前文的背景才能做出题目。比如剑桥8 test 1 passage two air traffic control in the usa 第24题class f airspace is airspace which is below 365m and not near airports. 仔细阅读题干,可以判断该题中的class f
airspace, below 365m, not near airports, 应该为题目的定位词,题干的考点词为and结构。原文g段第二行文字中出现了题干中class f airspace这个大写的英文单词uncontrolled airspace is designated class f... 这时需要回顾一下段落e中对uncontrolled airspace的介绍in general, from 365m above the ground and higher, the entire country is blanketed by controlled airspace ..., controlled airspace extends ...in the immediate vicinity of an airport... 所以答案应该判断为true。
4. 题目对应的原文句子难理解
最后一种情况是,题目所对应的原文太长、太复杂,导致考生在理解上有困难,从而判断错答案。这一类情况在剑桥雅思中存在比较典型的两道题。比如剑桥4 test one passage one 第4题the fact that childrens ideas about science form part of a larger framework of ideas means that it is easier to change them. 题干中childrens ideas about science and framework可以做定位词,考点词为easier to change them。考生根据framework回原文定位到文章第二大段第三行...but organized, conceptual framework, making it and the component ideas, ...more robust but also accessible to modification. 原文中使用到了make sth adj这个结构表明framework and component ideas有两个特点more robust and accessible to modification, 这里的more这个比较级修饰了两个形容词:robust and accessible to modification, accessible to含有easy的概念,所以相当于表明了easier to change这个概念,很多考生在阅读时往往会忽略了这个隐含的比较级,会误选为not given, 实际答案应该为true。
剑桥 6 test 2 passage 3 numeration 第39题 the tsimshian language contains both older and newer systems of counting. 在这道题中older and newer systems of counting可以作为定位词,而考察的重点应该在both...and...上面。考生根据这两个定位词可以定位到原文倒数第二段it seems that the last is a later development while the first six groups show the relics of an older system. 有些考生会认为it seems表达的是对后面的内容的怀疑和猜测,而题目把它绝对化了,所以就判断该题为not given。但事实上根据原文前后内容,作者在这里用it seems只是表示对前面内容的委婉总结,并不是考生所理解的表示怀疑的态度,所以正确答案应该为true。
