倒装讲解及练习

主语和谓语是句子的核心，它们之间有两种语序：一是主语在谓语之前称为正常语序；二是主语在谓语之后则称为倒装语序。而倒装语序中又有全部倒和部分倒装两种情况。

一、全部倒装

　　全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和 一般过去时。常见的结构有：

1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常为be, come, go, lie, run等时，句子要用完全倒装。

　There goes the bell. Then came the chairman. Here is your letter.

2) 在以up,down,out,in,away,off等表示位置转移的副词置于句首时，句子要用完全倒装。

　Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. Ahead sat an old woman.

注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。

　　 Here he comes. Away they went.

3） such在句子中做表语或定语位于句首时，句子要用完全倒装。Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.

Such a moving film was it that they were all lost in thought after it was over.

4)表地点的介词短语位于句首时，句子要用完全倒装。

On the top of the hall stands a temple where the old man once lived.

二、部分倒装

部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。

1. 句首为否定或半否词语如no, not, never, seldom,

little,barely,scarcely, hardly,nowhere, at no time, in no way, by no means,not until等。

Never have I seen such a performance.

　　 Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.　　 Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.

　　 当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。

　　 注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装。

　　 I have never seen such a performance.

　　 The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.

2. Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than 等引导两个分句时，前一个分句要部分倒装，后面一个不倒装。

　　 Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.

　　 Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.　　 No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.

注意：只有当Not only… but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only… but also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。

　　 Not only you but also I am fond of music.

3. so, neither, nor表示"也（不）时， 句子要部分倒装。

　　 Tom can speak French. So can Jack.

　　 If you won't go, neither will I.

4. only+状语在句首时要倒装

　　 Only in this way, can you learn English well.

　　 Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.

　　 如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装

　　 Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.

5. 动词/名词/形容词/副词/不定时+as/though+主语+谓语作让步状语的倒装句。

Object as you may,I will go.

Child as she is,she knows a lot.

Successful as he is,he is not proud.

Much as I like it,I won’t buy it,for it’s too expensive.

Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.注意：1) 句首名词不能带任何冠词。

2) 句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有

宾语和状语, 随实义动词一起放在主语之前。

6.So/such… That(如此…以至于…) 句型中的so/such部分位于句首时，需倒装。

　So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.

7. 在虚拟语气条件句中，从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，

可将if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。

Were I you, I would try it again.

倒装句练习

1. Never in my life such a thing.

A. I have heard of or seen

B. I had heard of or seen

C. have I heard of or seen

D. did I hear of or seen

2. Seldom TV during the day.

A. they watch

B. are they watching

C. have they watched

D. do they watch

3.Not until his comrades criticized him to admit his mistake.

A. does he begin

B. did he begin

C. began he

D. had he begun

4. Not only a promise, but also he kept it.

A. did he make

B. he made

C. does he make

D. has he made

5. nor read English.

A. Can’t he either write

B. He can neither write

C. Can he neither write

D. Neither he can write

6. Only when thousands of flowers bloom together .

A. spring will be considered here

B. could spring beconsidering here

C. can spring be considered here

D. spring can be considered here

7. his appearance that no one could recognize him.

A. So was strange

B. Was so strange

C. So strange was

D. Strange so was

8. and caught the mouse.

A.Up the cat jumpe

B.The cat up jumped

C. Up jumped the cat

D.Jumped up the cat

9.“It was cold yesterday.”“ .”Which of the following is wrong.

A. So it was

B. So is it today

C. So was it the day before

D. So it did

10. and the lesson began.

A. In came Mr. Brown

B. Mr. Brown in came

C. In came he

D. Came in Mr. Brown

11. On the wall two large portraits.

A. hangs

B. hang

C. hanged

D. are hanging

12. Never such a wonderful place as Hangzhou.

A. have I seen

B. I have seen

C. Had I seen

D. I had seen

13. ,she was very brave.

A. Girl as she was

B. As she was a girl

C. A girl as she was

D. Girl as was she

14. Little that she was seriously ill herself.

A. Susan knew

B. did Susan know

C. knew Susan

D. was Susan known

15. Such the results of the experiments.A. is

B. was

C. are

D. as be

16. I didn’t read the notice. .

A. So did he

B. Neither didn’t he

C. Nor did he

D.

He didn’t ,too

17. , I would have phoned you.

A. If I knew it

B. Had I known it

C. If I know it

D. Did

I know it

18. “They have done a good job.” “ .”

A. So they have don e

B. So they have

C. So have they

D. So is it

19. Now your turn to recite the text.

A. there is

B. has come

C. comes

D. will come

20. Hardly the railway station when the train started.

A. did I reach

B. had I reached

C. I reached

D. I had reached

21. “I like to watch TV plays, but I don’t watch TV every evening. ” “ .”

A. So do I

B. So I do

C. I do so

D. So it is with me

22. Rarely such a silly thing.

A. have I heard of

B. I have heard of

C. hear I of

D. was

I heard of

23. the rain stop. the crops would be saved.

A. Did

B. Should

C. Would

D. Will

24. Seldom play chess.

A. we

B. we will

C. do we

D. will we

25. Only after his death considered correct.

A. was his theory

B. his theory was

C. did his theoryD. had his theory

26. Albert Einstein cared little for money. Professor Wang.

A. Either did

B. So was

C. So did

D. Neither did

27. the plane.

A. Flew down

B. Down flew

C. Down was flying

D. Down flying

28. I don’t think Jack will come today, .

A. or Mary does

B. Mary will either

C. and Mary doesn’t

D. nor will Mary

29. “Where is your father?” “Oh, .”

A. here comes he

B. here does he come

C. he here comes

D. here he comes

30. he realized it was too late to return home.

A. No sooner it grew dark than

B. Hardly did it grow dark when

C. I t was not until dark that

D. I t was until dark that

二、完成句子练习

1. Had he worked harder, he_______________(会通过）the exam for a lawyer license．（pass）

2. No sooner （我坐下来）than the phone rang.（sit）

3. Under no circumstances (你应该泄气). (heart)

4.By no means _____________________(我们会屈服). (give)

5.Not until the 1960s _____ (他们才意识到重要性)of passing laws to strengthen the rights of the “first Australian”. (realize)

6.Only when you read between the lines several times （你才能理解） the main idea of this passage. （sense）

7.Not only _______________________（这项发明被重视）but the inventor was also spoken highly of at the conference. （attach）

8.It’s universally acknowledged that never __________ （我们能期待） a bluer sky unless we create a less polluted world．（expect ）

9.So ___________________（我感到它是如此之难） to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English well．（feel）

10.Little __________(Rose 担心) her own safety, though she was in great danger herself. (care)

11. At no time ________________(你应该告诉她)this secret.

(inform)

12. Not __________________ (他们不仅带了)

delicious food, but they also brought cards for

entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.

(bring)

13. Maybe you have been to many countries, but

__________________(没有别的地方你可以找到) such a

beautiful palace. (nowhere)

14. ________________(虽然他尽力了), Carolina couldn’t get

the door open. (as)

15. ___________________________(虽然他是个安静的学生), he

talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.

(quiet, as)参：

一、1-10 CDBAB CCCDA 11-20 BAABC CBBCB 21-30 DABCA DBDDC

二、1.would have passed 2.had I sat down

3..should you lose heart

4. will we give in

5. did they realize the importance

6.can you make sense of

7.was the invention attached importance to 8.can we expect

9.difficult did I feel 10.did Rose care about

11.should you inform her of 12.only.did they bring

13.nowhere can you find 14.Hard as he worked

15.Quiet student as he is