
动词过去式在冀教版《小学英语》6-8册中分布广泛,掌握它们对于学生来说至关重要。动词过去式的规则变化形式多样,常见的规则动词通过简单规则变化形成过去式。例如,一般规则是将动词原形后加-ed,如walk- walked, play-played, jump-jumped等。对于以不发音e结尾的动词,直接在末尾加d,如skate-skated, like-liked等。对于以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾且为重读闭音节的动词,则需先双写结尾的辅音字母再加ed,例如shop-shopped等。
除了规则变化,还有一些不规则动词过去式,例如had, said, got, did, hit, found, ran, lay, brought, shone, knew, grew, went, saw, ate, thought, bought, taught, fell, broke, hurt, lost, won, was, were。常见的不规则动词有go-went, eat-ate, see-saw, buy-bought, teach-taught, think-thought, fall-fell, break-broke, hurt-hurt, is, am-was, are-were。可以借助一个场景记忆这些动词:昨天,我去饭店吃饭,看到Danny,给他买了球,教他玩,他认为他会,可是他摔倒了,摔断了尾巴,他的尾巴受伤了,他很可怜。
规则动词词尾加-ed的发音同样重要。在清辅音后读作[t],如asked, helped, watched, stopped;在浊辅音和元音后读作[d],如enjoyed, studied, moved, called;在t / d后读作[id],如wanted, needed。这些发音规律帮助学生更好地理解和掌握英语动词过去式的用法。