| 时态 | 定义 | 时间状语 | 结构 | 一般疑问句 | 否定句形式 |
| 1、一般现在时 | 现在发生的 动作 | often,usually, always, sometimes, Every day/week, etc. | 1.主语+be动词+形容词或 名词 例句：Nick is a pupil. 2.主语+行为动词 例句：Nick studies English everyday. | 1.把be动词放于句首， 其他不变。 2.助动词do放于句首， 如主语为第三人称单数 用does ,同时还原为动 词原形。 | 1.am/is/are+not 2.行为动词前加don ' t ； 若主语为第三人称单数， 则用doesn ' t，同时还原 动词为原形。 |
| 2、一般过去时 | 过去某个时 间发生的动 作 | yesterday, last week(month, year), just now, one day ago, long long ago, etc. | 1.主语+was/were+ 形容词 或名词 例句： Nick was smart. 2.主语+行为动词过去式 例句：Nick studied English yesterday. | 1.was/were 放于句首。 2.助动词did放于句首， 同时还原动词为原形。 | 1.was/were+ not 2.在行为动词前加 didn ' t，同时还原动词为 原形。 |
| 3、一般将来时 | 表示将要发 生的动作 | tomorrow, the day after tomorrow ， next Sunday, Soon, in a few days, etc | 1.主语 + be going to do 例句：Nick is going to study English tomorrow. 2.主语 +will / shall + do 例句：Nick will study English tomorrow. | 1.be动词放在句首。 2.will/shall 放到句首。 | 1.be 动词 +not+going to do 2.will /shall + not+do |
| 4、现在进行时 | 表示现在正 在进行的动 作 | now, at this time, these days, etc. | 主语+be 动词 +doing (doing指动词的现在分词) (例句:Nick is studying English now.) | 把be动词放在句首。 | 主语 +am/ is/ are +not +doing |
| 5、过去进行时 | 表示过去某 一时刻正在 进行的动作 | at time yesterday, 或以when引导的状 语从句（谓语动词是一 般过去时） | 主语 +was/ were+ doing (doing指动词的现在分词) (例句：Nick was studying English when Mom came home yesterday.) | 把 was 或 were 放在句 首。 | 主语 +was/were+not+ doing |
| 6、将来进行时 | 表示将来某 一时刻正在 进行的动作 | at time tomorrow | 主语 +be going to /will/shall+be+doing (例句:Nick will be studying English at this time tomorrow.) | 把 be/will/shall 放在句 首。 | 1.be+not+going to+be + doing 2.will /shall + not + be + doing |
| 7、现在完成时 | 过去发生的 但是对现在 有影响的动 作 | already, yet, just, ever, recently ，in the past few years 等，及 由for 或 since 引导的 时间状语 | 主语 +have/ has +done (done指动词的过去分词) (例句：He has already finished his homework.) | 把 have 或 has 放在句 首。 | have/ has +not+ done |
| 8、过去完成时 | 表示过去发 生的动作在 过去某一时 刻已经完成 | by, before 等构成的 过去时间短语连用或 用于 when, before, until等引导的从句中， 由 said, asked, told, | 主语 +had+ done (done指动词的过去分词) (例句：Nick had studied English for one year by the end of last month.) | had放于句首。 | had+ not+ done |
| thought 等引导的宾 语从句 | |||||
| 9、将来完成时 | 过去发生的 动作，在将来 某一时刻之 | By the time of,by the end of+时间短语（将 来），by the time+ 从句（将来） | 主 语 +be going to/will/shall+have+done (例句：Nick will have studied English for two years by the end of next month.) | 把 be/will/shall 放在句 首。 | 1.be+not+going to+have done 2.will / shall + not + have done |
| 前将会完成 | |||||
| 10、现在完成进 行时 | 过去发生的 动作到现在 还在继续进 行 | Since this morning, Since I was five, etc. | 主语 +have/has+been+ doing (例句：Nick has been studying English since this morning.) | 把have/has 放在句首。 | Have/has + not + been + doing |
| 11、过去完成 进行时 | 过去发生的 动作到过去 某个时刻还 在继续进行 | By the end of last month | 主语 +had+been+doing (例句:Nick had been studying English by the end of last month.) | 把had放在句首。 | Had + not + been + doing |
| 12、将来完成进 行时 | 过去发生的 动作，在将来 的某个时刻 持续进行并 产生影响 | For...by the end of | 例句：Nick will have been studying English for two years by the end of this year. | 把will放在句首。 | Will + not |
| 13、一般过去将 来时 | 立足于过去 某一时刻看 将来 | 常用于宾语从句中 | 例句：At that time I knew that Nick would study English. | N/A | Would + not |
| 14、过去将来进 行时 | 就过去某一 时刻而言，将 来某一时刻 正在进行的 动作 | 常用于宾语从句中 | 例句：Yesterday he told me that Nick would be studying this morning. | N/A | Would + not |
| 15、过去将来完 成时 | 表示在过去 某一时间到 将来某一时 间以前所会 发生的动作 | 常用在虚拟语气中，表 示与过去的事实相反 | 例句：She told me yesterday Nick would studied English for three months by the end of this year. | N/A | Would + not |
| 16、过去将来完 成进行时 | 表示从过去 某时刻看，到 未来某时刻 以前会一直 在进行的动 作 | 常用于宾语从句中 | 例句：He said that Nick would been studying English for four years by the end of next year. | N/A | Would + not |
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