核心单词
1. command
The officer commanded his soldiers to fire.
A general is a man who commands a large number of soldiers.
at/ by sb’s command 听某人支配
take command of 控制
in command of 指挥着
under one’s command 由某人的指挥
under the command of sb. 在某人的指挥下
command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
command (=order) that ... 命令……(从句用虚拟语气,即should+ do 形式,should可省略)
高手过招
用适当的介词填空(原创)
①For the first time in years, she felt she was command
of her life.
②The army is the king’s direct command.
③The police arrived and took command the situation.
2. request
request sb. to do sth.请求某人做某事
request sth. from/of sb. 向某人要求某物
request that sb. (should) do sth.要求某人做某事
make a request/requests 发出请求
at the request of sb.=at sb.’s request依照某人的请求
request/demand/require
request表示“有礼貌的请求;正式的请求”。
demand表示“有正当权利的要求”,因此含有“坚决或强烈要求”的意思。
require表示“要求所必须的东西;法律、协定、规章以及其他客观情况的要求”。
但它们也有不同之处:
①require和request都可以接宾语+to do sth.结构,而demand没有此种用法。但可以说demand of sb. to do sth.
②require+动名词时,主动形式的动名词具有被动意义,而demand,request无此种用法。
They are demanding higher wages. 他们要求提高工资。
Do you require anything else? 你还要求(需要)别的吗?
Many people have requested this next song.
许多人要求听下面这首歌。
They required me to keep silent. 他们要求我保持沉默。
The letter requested us to leave the house within six weeks.
这封信要求我们六周内搬出这所房子。
温馨提示
以上三个词的共同点是:从语法上看,request和demand,require都可以接that引导的宾语从句,并且在从句中要使用虚拟语气。
高手过招
单项填空
①One of the requirements for a fire is that the material to its burning temperature.(2010·陕西师大附中月考)
A. be heated B. is heated
C. would be heated D. do heat
②—Why were you late for such an important concert?
—The plane arrived at the airport after a of three hours. (2010·陕西商洛一轮检测)
A. delay B. rest C. tour D. request
3. recognize
recognize sb. 认出某人
recognize one’s voice听出某人的声音
recognize ... as ... 认定;承认……为……
recognize sb./sth. ... to be ...认为某人/某事物是……
recognize that ...承认……
When he walked out of the station, I recognized him immediately.
Everyone recognized him to be the lawful heir/as the lawful heir. 大
单项填空
—Oh, it’s you! I you.
—I have just had my hair cut, and I’m wearing new glasses.
(2010·山东淄博六中检测)
A. hadn’t recognized B. haven’t recognized
C. didn’t recognize D. don’t recognize
4. direction
in the direction of 朝……的方向(=towards)
in sb’s direction 朝某人的方向(=towards sb.)
under one’s direction 在……指导下(=under the direction of sb.)
Tom went off in one direction and Jack in another.
Reforms are needed in many directions.
He is walking in the direction of the police station.
He glanced in her direction and their eyes met.
The singing group is under the direction of Mr Lee.
温馨提示
direction意为“指示;指引;用法说明”等,通常要用复数形式。
注意:表示邮件上的“姓名地址”时,也用复数形式。
Follow the directions on the medicine bottle.
请按药瓶上的说明服药。
(1)单项填空
Those who learn theory must develop the direction of practice. (2010·山东枣庄一轮验收)
A. to B. on C. in D. for
(2)完成句子 (原创)
①I gave Mary full (地址)to enable her to find the post office.
②He did the work (在我的指导下).
5. more than one
不止一个
More than one member has protested against the proposal.
More than one person has been concerned in this.
More persons than one have been involved.
联想拓展
“more than+ adj.”意为“很;非常”。
在“more ... than ...”中,肯定“more”后面的,而否定“than”后面的,意为“是……而不是……”或者“与其……不如……”。
“more than ... can/could”是英语里的一个常见结构,可把more than理解为not,表示否定,该结构意为“非……所能……;是……所不能……;不是……所能……”。
more often than not 经常;往往
In doing scientific experiments, one must be more than careful with the instruments.
做科学实验时,对待仪器必须非常小心才行。
If you tell your father what you have done, he will be more than a little angry.
如果你把所做的事情告诉你父亲,他会非常生气的。
Catherine is more diligent than intelligent.
与其说凯瑟琳聪明,不如说她勤奋。
完成句子(原创)
①当我的老朋友布莱恩怂恿我抽一支烟时,我可再也熬不住了。
When my old friend Brian urged me to accept a cigarette, it was .
②可能的解释不止一个。
There is .
6. because of
She got hurt because of what you’d said.
due to 意为“由于”常作表语。
thanks to意为“多亏;。
owing to意为“由于”常作状语。
as a result of意为“由于”作状语。
because/as/since/for
because表示直接原因,语气最强。回答why提出的问题只能用because。在强调句型中,也只能用because。
as用于解释做某事的原因,语气较弱,通常位于主句前。
since表示的原因是指人们已知的事实,常意为“既然”。语气比because弱,但比as强。通常位于主句前,并常与as换用。
for并列连词,连接并列分句,表示一种补充说明,是推测或判断的理由,语气较弱,不可位于主句前。有时可表示直接原因,相当于because。
单项填空
①People crowded on the road and could not go forward the traffic accident some cars had made.(2010·山西太原五中检测)
A. with B. since
C. because of D. because
②People may have different opinions about Karen, but I admire her. ,she is a great musician.(2010·陕西西安二中检测)
A. After all B. As a result
C. In other words D. As usual
7. come up
●The little boy came up to the stranger and showed him how to get to the police station.
●We won’t forget the day when we watched the sun come up on top of the Tai Mountain.
●It is certain that the question will come up at the meeting.
●The snowdrops are just beginning to come up.
●I am afraid something urgent has come up.
联想拓展
come true 变成现实,成为现实
come across 邂逅
come about 发生
come at 向……扑来,攻击
come from 来自
come out 出版;开花;结果是
come up with 想出
come round 绕道而来;苏醒
come down 落下,塌下
come over (从远处)来到;横过
come into use 开始使用
how come ...?(表示理解)……怎么回事?
when it comes to sth.当涉及某事时
How come her French is so bad if she spent 5 years in pairs?
她在巴黎待了5年,但她的法语怎么这么糟糕。
When it comes to getting things done, he is useless.
一涉及到做事,他便不中用了。
(1)单项填空
They aren’t afraid when they the difficulties in their study. (2010·河南镇平质量检测)
A. come up B. come to
C. come about D. come out
(2)用come构成的短语填空(原创)
①The hunter walked across the forest when suddenly a
bear him.
②The magazine once a month.
③I wish you can to England on your holiday.
④The engineers have new ways of saving energy.
⑤They an old school friend in the street this morning.
8. such as
易混辨析
such as/for example/that is/and so on
such as用来列举事物。通常插在被举例的带有解释性质的事物与前面的需要进行解释的名词之间,意为“比如;诸如……之类的”,可与 like 互换,as 后不能有逗号。
for example同for instance一样起到补充说明的作用,表明在众多的内容中仅取一两个例子,可放在举例之前或之后,意为“例如,举个例子”。
that is 是后面列举的事物的总量等于它前面所提到的总和,相当于namely。也用that is to say。
and so on 对几个事物进行列举时,在说了其中的几个以后,用and so on进行概括,说明还有例子,但不一一列出。
Boys like to play balls, such as football and basketball.
男孩子喜欢打球,比如足球和篮球。
Some students, Li Jun, for example, live in the country.
有些学生,如李军,住在农村。
I have three good friends, that is, John, Jack and Tom.
我有三个好朋友,即约翰、杰克和汤姆。
There are some books, pens, erasers and so on in my bag.
我的书包里有书、笔、橡皮等。
单项填空
A lot of countries have gained excellent achievements in space technology, China, . (2010·安徽合肥八中检测)
A. such as B. for example
C. namely D. and so on
9. play a part (in)
She plays an active part in local politics.
She played a major part in the success of the scheme.
联想拓展
take part (in sth.)参加, 参与(某事)
the best part of sth.(某事物的)绝大部分(尤指一段时间)
for the most part整体上; 通常; 多半
for my part就我来说
翻译句子(原创)
①有多少国家要参加(世界杯赛)?
②对我来说, 到哪儿吃饭都无所谓。
重点句型
10. Which country do you think has the most English learners?
What time do you expect we will come and pick you up?
What do you suppose he will do after he hears about the good news?
Why do you think their team could win the football match?
单项填空
─ is the best football player in your city?
─Jerry. (2010·江苏盐城质量检测)
A. Do you think who B. Do you think whom
C. Who do you think D. Whom do you think
11. Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English.
(1)believe it or not在句中用作插入语,意为“信不信由你;我说的是真的”。
联想拓展
常用作插入语的还有:
generally speaking一般来说
frankly speaking坦白地说
judging from ...从……来判断
to tell you the truth说真的;老实说
to be honest说实在的
to make matters worse更糟糕的是
单项填空
① , boys are stronger than girls.
A. To speak generally B. Generally to speak
C. Generally speaking D. Generally spoken
② the hat he , the man is a soldier.
A. Judging from; is wearing C. To judge by; putting
B. Judging by; is having on D. Judged by; is putting
(2)such上述一类的;诸如此类的
联想拓展
no such...as没有这样的……
such as例如
such...as...像……这样的……
such...that...这样……以至于……
易混辨析
such ... that ... /such ... as ...
在such ... that ...结构中,that是从属连词,引导结果状语从句,在从句中不作成分。
在such ... as ...结构中,as是关系代词,引导定语从句,在从句中常作宾语。
He is reading such a book as you borrowed from the library last week. 他在读的书和你上周从图书馆借来的一样。( as是关系代词,引导定语从句)
He is reading such an interesting book that I want to borrow it. 他在读的书这么有趣,我想借来读读。(that引导结果状语从句)
单项填空
①Exercise is as any other to lose unwanted weight.
A. so useful a way B. as a useful way
C. as useful a way D. such a useful way
②I suggest that we should take part in more such activities in future we did yesterday.(2010·江西南昌一中二模)
A. which B. as C. that D. than