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Hamlet
The fallen love
Hamlet‘s love for Ophelia
The word love is a powerful one, both in real life, and in Shakespeare's play Hamlet. One of the most controversial topics of William Shakespeare’s Hamlet is the question of whether or not he truly loved Ophelia. Was there room in his sorrowful heart for the emotional roller coaster called love? Or was his heart shattered, broken into pieces by those he trusted and loved the most? Was Hamlet's attitude towards Ophelia all a façade? The question arises on whether the love between these two individuals is deep enough to have lasted through the chaos and adversity of Hamlet's living nightmare. There is no clear cut answer to this question, although one can assume both sides. It is true that Hamlets love for Ophelia is questionable, but given several examples from the play, one can see that his love is genuine. Although Hamlet denies his love for Ophelia, it is possible to realize that he never stopped loving her.
Throughout the play, Hamlet constantly ridicules Ophelia. However, his attitude towards her can be somewhat justified. Hamlet currently perceives his mother as despicable. This heavily influences his perspective on Ophelia. Ophelia's betrayal also forces Hamlet to reject her. Ophelia lies to Hamlet in order to fulfill her father's wishes. Because of this, he treats her quite harshly at times, but this is mainly due to the hardships that he is facing. His expressions of love towards her overwhelm the moments where he criticizes her.
Hamlet's love for Ophelia is first introduced to the reader by Ophelia herself: "He hath, my lord, of late made many tenders of his affection to me."(pg. 43 line 100) Hamlet has corresponded with Ophelia and demonstrated the love he feels for her. Even at this point in the play, Hamlet, without even having been seen around Ophelia, seems to be a bit distant. This distance he forces between himself and Ophelia is in part due to the fact that her brother and father are so overly protective of her. Ophelia claims that Hamlet has confirmed his love for her "with almost all the holy vows of heaven." (pg.45 line 115) Ophelia's words that he does love her in this first act are extremely important when looking at the play as a whole because they allow the reader to understand Hamlet's relationship with Ophelia. Ophelia's statement shows that Hamlet has talked to her about love and they both feel they love each other.
The reason for Hamlet's distance from Ophelia is revealed with the progression of the play. As Ophelia tells Polonius: He took me by the wrist and held me hard. Then goes he to the length of his entire arm, and, with his other hand thus o'er his brow he falls to such perusal of my face as would draw it. Long stayed he so. At last, a little shaking of mine arm and thrice his head thus waving up and down, he raised a sigh so piteous and profound as it did seem to shatter all his bulk and end his being. That done, he lets me go, and with his head over his shoulder turned he seemed to find his way without his eyes, for out o' doors he went without their helps, and to the last bended their light on me. (pg 75 line 90ish)
In Act III, Scene I, Hamlet says, 'I did love you once.' However, four lines later, he contradicts himself by saying 'I loved you not.' Hamlet claims to have loved Ophelia, but at the moment, he feels betrayed by several people, including her. The feelings of betrayal influence him to conflict with his emotions, and manipulate him to say things he does not believe.
When Hamlet feigns his madness upon Ophelia, he pretends that he does not love her anymore, He constantly reject and insults her. "To a nunnery, go". (In this case, it is assumed that nunnery refers to a whorehouse.) However, this means that he had to have been in love with her before, and shows that love to her in one way or another in order to cause her the pain she deals with throughout the play. During the nunnery scene, Hamlet releases his love and resentment for his mother on Ophelia.
The nunnery scene is the most important aspect of Hamlets declaration of love. At the beginning of the play, as Hamlet has decided to pretend madness, he pretends he does not love Ophelia anymore, he even rejects her and insults her (Act 3, scene 1). This, of course, means that he has been in love with her before, has let her think that she was loved. Her pain is then all the more intense. Why has he chosen to feign indifference towards her, to reject her, to deny that he loves her? Why does he repeat "To a nunnery, go". There were many other possible ways of feigning madness. What is important at that stage in the play is that Hamlet doesn't know what he's going to do yet. His meeting with Ophelia immediately follows his "to be or not to be" monologue. So he knows that if he does something, if he acts, if he kills the King, he will take serious risks and may die in the attempt. If he chooses not to act, he will lose his self-esteem. Whatever happens, he will not be fit for marriage. He will not be able to cope with the responsibilities of marriage, nor even with those of a sentimental involvement. Indeed when one is in love, especially if this love is shared, which was the case here, one is supposed to make the beloved one happy. Hamlet was supposed to get married to Ophelia sooner or later, to care for her, to protect her. At a time when women were totally submitted to their husbands, he would have had to be responsible for her. And after all, feigning not to love her anymore, he frees himself from this responsibility. This is in keeping with Hamlet's difficulty to make up his mind. Coping with responsibilities is enormously difficult for him. It takes him a whole play to do what his father's ghost asks him to do in the first act. Another reason why he rejects her is that marriage itself has become abhorrent to him. Because he has recently realised that his mother's second marriage is only a betrayal of love and of everything that is noble in life. "I say, we will have no more marriages". Another character might have been terribly shocked but not directly affected in his sentimental life. Another than Hamlet could have thought. "This is a terrible shame, but I'm different, my love for Ophelia is different and pure and I will always be true to her". But Hamlet loves his mother dearly, and he totally lacks self-confidence
As he has lost his faith in his beloved mother, he loses his faith in Ophelia because she is the other woman he loves. This is what he expresses when he questions her honesty in a rather obscure way : " That if you be honest and fair, your honesty should admit no discourse to your beauty" Meaning : you cannot be both beautiful and honest. If you are beautiful, which I can see, which is obvious, therefore you can't be honest. My mother is beautiful and she is not honest. So, if at one point he believed in his love for Ophelia, he doesn't believe in marriage anymore nor in Ophelia anymore, and most of all he doesn't believe in himself sufficiently to fight his doubts and gloomy forebodings. Does it mean that his love was not sincere? On the contrary, most probably, he loved her as much as he could. But he couldn't love much. He was much so preoccupied by his own problems, his difficulty to face life, that he could not give much of himself to another person, be it the woman he loved. It is indeed the dominating trait of weak people. They love themselves (but also hate themselves) too much to be able to love others.
Ophelia's description of what happened when Hamlet came to see her, half shows Hamlet's madness, and half his love for her. Hamlet's silence towards her and his weird behavior in that scene shows his confusion as to what is going on, or as is more likely, it proves his madness with the passing of time. After Hamlet's peculiar display of affection for Ophelia, she doesn't allow him to "access" her and doesn't accept his letters. Ophelia's rejection to Hamlet's proposal of love was the definite catalyst for Hamlet's denial of his love for her later on in the play. Her refusal of him adds to Hamlet's stress and results in him using Ophelia as the person he lets out his frustration on.
A letter given to Ophelia before his crazed state expresses his most sincere feelings. We can see from the letters in which Hamlet writes to Ophelia that he was very much in love with her. In his letter, the only subject that he does not deny is his love for her.
Proof of his infatuation with Ophelia is given when Polonius brings one of Hamlet's letters to the queen and king. On the letter, Hamlet has written: "To the celestial and my soul's idol, the most beautified Ophelia ... Doubt thou the stars are fire, doubt that the sun doth move, doubt truth to be a liar, but never doubt I love." (pg. 85 line 109) This far in the play, this is the most direct proof of his love that the reader sees. In this letter, Hamlet was sure that Ophelia would be the only recipient and he was able to express his true and honest feelings. But as the play progresses, Hamlet wavers in his display of love because he sees that others are "studying" his every move.
Ophelia: My lord, I have remembrances of yours, that I have longed long to redeliver. I pray you, now receive them.
Hamlet: No, not I, I never gave you aught. (pg 123 line 94)
This conversation between Hamlet and Ophelia is the first time that the reader is able to observe how Ophelia and Hamlet are towards each other. Of course, since they are being closely watched by Claudius and Polonius, it can't possibly be how the two really are around each other. If not Hamlet, Ophelia at least is in some way different. Hamlet also seems to know that he is being watched or he wouldn't abruptly change or try to hide his affections for Ophelia. This scene is when the reader starts questioning whether or not Hamlet really is crazy and whether he means what he says to Ophelia. It is most like that Hamlet is acting crazy, given that a bit earlier in the play he announced he was going to do so. To conclude that he went mad right after stating that he would "act" so is hard. In this part of the play, although he denies that he ever loved Ophelia, Hamlet's craziness (or even his crazy act) makes the reader believe that he still loves her. His words of denial are self-deteriorating to him, and they also hurt Ophelia. Knowing this, Hamlet says them anyway, because of his paranoia that everyone is working against him (which he is partly right about).
By far, the most important passage that proves Hamlet's love for Ophelia is in act 5. At Ophelia's burial, Laertes and Hamlet argue about who loved Ophelia more, and who is more hurt by her death. "I loved Ophelia. Forty thousand brothers could not with all their quantities of love make up my sum", Hamlet says. Upon reading this, the reader is struck again with the fact that Hamlet loves her. Hamlet must've never stopped loving her, but only feigned that he didn't for the purpose of tricking those around him. Hamlet grieves for Ophelia the way he grieved for his father, whom he loved dearly. The same method of grieving suggests that he loved Ophelia with all his might, and that his denial of love for her had an underlying reason.
Although Hamlet's treatment of Ophelia fluctuates, forcing many to question his intentions. The graveyard scene -- where Hamlet first discovers Ophelia's death, confirms his love for her. When Hamlet initially discovers whom the grave is intended for, he is taken aback. Ophelia's death was news to him. After he hears Laertes grieving, he becomes upset and jumps into the grave and starts to tackle him. When they separate, Hamlet says "I loved Ophelia. Forty thousand brothers could not with all their quantity of love make up my sum." (V.I. 280-283) He continues, claiming he would do anything for her. Despite the fact that Laertes and Ophelia are intimate siblings, Hamlet says his love for her is greater than Laertes' love. He outdoes Laertes by stating the following hyperbole:
"And, if thou prate of mountains, let them throw
Millions of acres on us, till our ground,
Singeing his pate against the burning zone,
Make Ossa like a wart! Nay, an thou'lt mouth,
I'll rant as well as thou."
His love for Ophelia is so great that it can be compared to a colossal mountain that is so far above the ground it singes the sun. This last proclamation of his love for Ophelia reveals his true feelings.
Often times, many people take advantage of the time they have with their loved ones. "You do not realize how much you miss someone until they're actually gone." This quote can summarize Hamlet's feelings for Ophelia. Although Hamlet's feelings towards Ophelia vary throughout the play, he has always loved her.
In his ploy to make those around him believe that he was mad, Hamlet sacrificed his love for Ophelia, and hurt her when he didn't want to. His true feelings shone through his letters and after her death. The times when they both encountered each other, he knew that the eyes of the king were watching him, so in an effort to cover his true intentions (ie. proving that the king was guilty for his father's death), Hamlet disguised his feelings for Ophelia. Hamlet never stopped loving Ophelia, but the circumstances surrounding their relationship caused it to be ended in an unfavorable manner.
References
Michael Cardiosk (Dem, 2006) Did Hamlet Really Love Ophelia?
Received 25, May 2010
http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/102043/did_hamlet_really_love_ophelia.html?singlepage=true&cat=38
BookRags Student Essays (2010)Does Hamlet Love Ophelia?
Received 25, May 2010
http://www.bookrags.com/essay-2006/6/3/171154/0599
Shakespeare (2007) Hamlet
http://www.absoluteshakespeare.com/guides/hamlet/hamlet.htm
