
【明确考点】
根据中英文提示完成句子,主要考查学生对必会的六十多组句型的掌握情况,学生要在熟练背诵句型的基础上,举一反三。
做这种题时,要有造句的“句型意识” 和“地道的中、英文意识”,这类题通常不止考查一个句型,为了增加难度,有时句中还“时态、句型、短语”混搭。
【命题特点】
完成句子共设5道小题,每小题3分,这5道小题由易到难排列分布,梯度明显。
第一层次:包括第1小题
试题特点:比较简单,通常只考查一个句型,前后相邻内容不会对它造成干扰。
答题技巧:找准句型,无需变化,直接填入。
例如:
很抱歉今天不能陪你去购物,明天怎么样?
I’m sorry I can’t go shopping with you today.___________ tomorrow ?
【答案】What about 或者 How about
解析:细读中英文可以看出,英文缺少的是“……怎么样”,应对的英文句型是what about 或 how about,因为所填内容出现在首句,首字母要大写,所以本题答案为 What about 或者 How about。
第二层次:包括第2、3 小题
试题特点:考查句型中通常含有的动词的用法,受到前后内容及时态的影响,一般要进行变化。
答题技巧:需特别注意其中动词的正确变形。
例如:
聚会一小时以后开始,孩子们正忙着打扫教室。
The party will begin in an hour. the children ___________.
【解析】are busy cleaning the classroom
【解析】通过仔细读题过滤掉英文已给出信息,需填入信息为“正忙着打扫教室”,对应的英文句型为 be busy doing sth. , 根据中文信息“正忙着”及主语的复数形式,be动词应用are ,“打扫”译为clean,用于 be busy doing 中要变为现在分词cleaning,故本题的答案为 are busy cleaning the classroom。
第三层次:包括第4 小题
试题特点:通常考查一个句型和一个短语的搭配使用,难度比前三题进一步提高,所填内容在 句法结构或表达形式等方面相互干扰。
答题技巧:不仅要注意需填入的内容,而且要注意已给英语句子的结构和所填入句式的正确搭配及连接等。
例如:
刘强不仅对家长有礼貌,对他的邻居也很有礼貌。
Liu qiang is polite _______________________.
【答案】not only to his parents,but also to his neighbors
【解析】通过细读已给信息,可以明确命题者的考查意图分别为句型“不仅……而且……”(not only…but also…)和短语“对……有礼貌”(be polite to…),特别要注意的是:介词to不能和宾语分开,因此答案为not only to his parents,but also to his neighbors。
第四层次:包括第5小题
试题特点:此题句子结构最为复杂,多数为并列句或含有宾语从句、状语从句的复合句,通常包含3、4个句型或短语,而且句型、短语之间相互干扰较大。
答题技巧:注意主从句的时态关系,考虑周全,仔细审题,找全考点。
例如:
李雷不但学习好,而且与同学相处得也好。
Li lei_____________________ his classmates.
【答案】not only does well in his lessons, but also gets on well with
【解析】首先根据中文提示信息,分析需要表达的内容。1. 不但……而且……2. 学习好 3. 相处得好,对应的英文分别为 not only…but also…,do well in one’s lessons, but also gets on/along well with,因此答案为:not only does well in his lessons, but also gets on well with。
例如:
战士们已经连续工作18个小时,有必要让他们停下来休息。
The soldiers have kept working for 18 hours , so__________________ .
【答案】it is necessary to let them stop to have a rest
【解析】经过细读中文和已给出的英文,找出要求翻译的英语部分“有必要让他们停下来休息”,从而判断出考点:1. 有必要做某事 2. 让某人做某事 3. 停下来做某事 4. 休息,将四个句型结合在一起,同时注意 “他们”是make的宾语,因此答案为:it is necessary to let them stop to have a rest。
【备考过程指导】
答题分三步走:
完成译句在中考试卷中属于抓分题型,考生要树立满分意识,把握如下三步答题策略。
第一步:细读中英文提示信息,找出考点,有的放矢。
一般来说,每个句子都有一个或几个明显的考查意图,要么是考查某个词的用法或习惯表达;要么是考查某个句型的结构或搭配;要么是考查某条语法规则的具体运用。因此,考生要仔细研读所给中英文信息,找出空缺内容,判断所需表达的句型或短语。
第二步:瞻前顾后,考虑周全,填入所缺内容。
参照上下文,根据句意选取恰当的短语。再填入句型或短语。在填入句型或短语时,一定要考虑语态、时态、词形的变化、主语与谓语的数的一致性等问题。
第三步:默读全句,仔细核对。
将已填好的句子再读一遍,从时态、语态、词形、数的一致性等方面仔细核对检查,同时注意不要出现丢词或与提示英文表达重复的现象。另外,还要注意如果所填内容放在句首,首字母一定要大写。
【应试方法技巧指导】
典型句式:
| 句型 | 判断依据 | 关注重点 |
| 1. as … as … not as(so)… as | 和……一样 不如 | as … as 中跟原级 |
| 2. as…as possible | 尽可能的 | as … as 中跟原级 |
| 3. be good for be bad for | 对……有好处 对……有坏处 | 注意be的变化 |
| 4. be busy doing sth. be busy with sth. | 忙于做某事 忙于某事 | be的变化 加动词 be的变化 加名词 |
| 5. be famous for | 因……而著名 | be的变化 |
| 6. be late for | 迟到 | be的变化 加名词 |
| 7. be sorry for sth. be sorry for doing sth. be sorry to do sth. | 为某事感到抱歉 为做某事感到抱歉 为做某事感到抱歉 | be的变化 加名词 be的变化 加动词 be的变化 加动词 |
| 8. be afraid to do sth. be afraid of doing sth. be afraid of sth. | 害怕/不敢做某事 害怕/不敢做某事 害怕某事物 | be的变化 加动词 be的变化 加名词 |
| 9. be ready for sth. be ready to do sth. | 为某事做准备 为做某事准备 | be的变化 加名词 be的变化 加动词 |
| 10. take sth. with sb. bring sth. with sb. | 随身携带(拿走) 随身携带(带来) | take-took, 宾格 bring-brought, 宾格 |
| 11. used to | 过去常常 | 后接动词原形 |
| 12. get ready for | 为……做准备 | get-got |
| 13. get sth. ready | 准备好了…… | get-got |
| 14. get+比较级 | 变得更…… | get-got 后加比较级 |
| 15. get on (well)with | 与……相处(融洽) | get-got |
| 16. buy sb. sth. buy sth. for sb. | 为某人买某物 | buy-bought 宾格 注意介词 |
| 17. give sb. sth. give sth. to sb. | 给某人某物 | give-gave 宾格 注意介词 |
| 18. show sb. sth. show sth. to sb. | 向人出示(展示)某物 | 时态, 宾格 注意介词 |
| 19. send sb. sth. send sth. to sb. | 把某物寄给某人 | send-sent, 宾格 注意介词 |
| pass sth. to sb. | 递给某人某物 | 时态, 宾格 注意介词 |
| 21. lend sb. sth. lend sth. to sb | 把……借给某人(借出) | lend-lent, 宾格 注意介词 |
| 22. bring sb. sth. bring sth. to sb. | 把……带来给某人 | bring-brought, 宾格 注意介词 |
| 23. tell sb.sth tell sth. to sb. | 告诉某人某事 | tell-told, 宾格 注意介词 |
| 24. ask sb. to do sth. ask sb. not to do sth. tell sb. to do sth. tell sb. not to do sth. | 要求某人做某事 要求某人别做某事 告诉某人做某事 告诉某人别做某事 | 时态, 宾格 |
| 25. tell sb. how to do sth ask sb. how to do sth. | 告诉某人如何做某事 询问某人如何做某事 | tell-told, 宾格 时态, 宾格 |
| 26. had better do had better not do | 最好做某事 最好别做某事 | 后接动原 |
| 27. have to do sth. | 必须做……,不得不做…… | have-had |
| 28. enjoy doing sth. | 喜欢(喜爱)做某事 | enjoy后接动名词 |
| 29. finish doing sth. | 结束做某事 | 时态 |
| 30. mind doing | 介意、反对、留心 | 后接动名词 |
| 31. keep+ doing keep sb. doing sth. keep sth. +adj. | 继续做,不停地做 让某人持续地做某事 让某物保持某种状态 | keep-kept 后接动名词 时态 宾格 时态 宾格 |
| 32. hate doing sth. hate to do sth. | 讨厌做某事(经常性) 讨厌做某事(一次性) | 时态 |
| 33. go on doing go on to do | 继续做(以前做的事) 接着做另一件事 | go-went 后加动名词 后加to do |
| 34. help sb.(to)do sth. help sb. with sth. | 帮助某人做某事 在某方面帮助某人 | 时态, 宾格 时态, 介词 |
| 35. make sth./sb. +adj. make sb.(not)do sth. | 使某人某事怎么样 使某人(不)做某事 | make-made 宾格 时态 宾格 |
| 36. like to do sth. like doing sth. | 喜欢做……(指某一次的动作) 喜欢做……(指经常性的爱好) | 时态 |
| 37. see sb. do sth. see sb. doing sth. | 看见某人做过某事 看见某人正在做某事 | see-saw 宾格 |
| 38. hear sb. do sth. hear sb. doing sth. | 听见某人做过某事 听见某人正在做某事 | hear-heard 宾格 |
| 39. let sb. do sth. let sb. not do sth. | 让某人做某事 让某人(不)做某事 | 时态 宾格 |
| stop doing sth. | 停下来,开始去做某事 停止做某事 | stop-stopped 时态 |
| 41. stop sb. from doing sth. | 阻止/制止某人做某事 | stop-stopped 宾格 |
| 42. one…the other… | 一个……另一个…… | 两者中的 |
| 43. some…others… | 一些……其他的…… | 复数 |
| 44. both … and … | 既……又……;……和…… | 两者 连接主语 视为复数 |
| 45. either… or… | 或者……或者…… | 两者 连接主语 就近原则 |
| 46. neither…nor… | 既不……也不…… | 两者 连接主语 就近原则 |
| 47. not only…but also | 不但……而且…… | 连接主语 就近原则 |
| 48. not... at all | 一点也不 | 前为否定句 |
| 49. not…until | 直到……才…… | 前为否定句 表肯定意义 |
| 50. so… that… | 如此……以至于…… | that后接句子 肯定含义 |
| 51. too…to… | 太……以至于不…… | to后接动原 否定含义 |
| 52. as soon as | 一……就…… | 主将从现, 时态, 主语 |
| 53. spend…on sth. spend…(in) doing sth. | 在某方面花费时间/金钱做某事花费时间/金钱 | 后接名词 时态 后接动词 时态, in可省 |
| 54. It takes sb. some time to do sth. It took sb. some time to do sth. | 做某事花费某人时间 做某事花费了某人时间 | take-took, 宾格 |
| 55. I’m afraid (that) | “恐怕”,表猜测 | 后加句子 |
| 56. I’m glad that I’m glad to do sth. | 我很高兴…… 我很高兴去做某事 | 后加从句 后加动词 |
| 57. The + 比较级...the + 比较级 | 越……越…… | 后加比较级 |
| 58. There’s something wrong with… | ……出毛病了 | |
| 59. I ’d like sth. I ’d like to do Would you like to…? | 我想要…… 我想要做…… 你想要……吗? | 后接名词 后接动词 后接动词 |
| 60. I don't think… | 我认为……不…… | 否定主句动词think |
| 61. It’s time for sth. It’s time to do sth. | 到……的时间了 做某事的时间到了 | 后接名词 后接动词 |
| 62. It’s important for sb. to do sth. | 做某事对某人是重要的 | 宾格 |
| 63. What(How)about…? | ……怎么样? | 后接名词或动词ing形式 |
| . What’s wrong with…? What’s the matter with…? | ……怎么了? | |
| 65. Why not…? | 为什么不……? | 后接动原 |
| 66. Will you please…? Would you please…? Could you please…? | 请你……好吗? | 后接动原 |
例1 很抱歉,我的自行车坏了。请再等我五分钟。
I’m sorry, ___________________________ my bike. Please wait for me five more minutes.
【答案】there is something wrong with my bike
【解析】本题的考查点有2个:
1. there is something wrong with… 2. 一般现在时
根据考点句型,同学们还要再做一些相关配题,试着做以下三句话:
(1)我的电视机坏了,所以我不能看比赛了。
There is something wrong with my TV, so I can’t watch the match.
(2)我的计算机坏了。你能帮助我修理一下吗?
There is something wrong with my computer. Could you help me mend it?
(3)这台机器坏了。我们最好修理一下它。
There’s something wrong with this machine. We’d better mend it.
例2 乘坐动车组从上海到北京只用十小时。
_________________________________________________ on a Bullet Train(高速火车).
【答案】It takes only 10 hours from Shanghai to Beijing
【解析】本题的考查点是:It takes somebody some time to do something.
根据考点句型,同学们还要再做一些相关配题,例如:
(1)他每天用多长时间玩计算机游戏?
How long does he spend playing computer games every day?
(2)工人们建成这座大桥将用两年时间。
It will take the workers two years to build the bridge.
(3)建设这座奥运场馆工人们只用了两年时间。
It took the workers only 2 years to build this Olympic Stadium.
(4)一项调查表明半数以上的学生每周有四小时用在网络上。
A survey shows that more than half of school students spend 4 hours a week on the Internet.
(5)工人们建设这所新学校要用多长时间?
How long will it take the workers to build the new school?
例3 张老师为学生努力工作,她生病时,硬要她在家休息恐怕是不可能的。
Mrs. Zhang works very hard for her students. ___________________________________________________________
【答案】 I’m afraid it’s impossible (for me)to make her rest at home when she is ill.
【解析】本题的考查点有3个:
1. be afraid… 2. it’s + adj.+ (for sb.) to do sth. 3. make sb. do…
根据考点句型,同学们还要再做一些相关配题,例如:
(1)我不敢晚上外出。
I am afraid of going out at night.
(2)他害怕独自呆在家里。
He is afraid of staying at home alone.
(3)他如此生气,我不敢再跟他说话了。
He is so angry that I’m afraid to talk to him.
(4)虽然雨下得正大,但是对于他来说,看来不跑完最后的200米是不可能的。
Although it is raining heavily, it looks that it’s impossible for him not to finish the last 200 meters.
(5)吃更多的蔬菜是有好处的。
It’s good to eat more vegetables.
(6)对于我们来说拥有充足的睡眠是重要的。
It’s important for us to have enough sleep.
(7)对于我们来说保持环境清洁是重要的。
It’s important for us to keep the environment clean.
(8)嘲笑残疾人是不礼貌的。
It’s impolite to laugh at disabled people.
(9)进行更多的锻炼对你的健康来说是有益的。
It’s good for your health to do more exercise.
(10)在太阳下读书对眼睛是有害的。
It’s bad for eyes to read in the sun.
(11)我父母总是让我跟我姐姐比成绩,那使我感到紧张。
My parents always make me compare my grades with my sister’s. That makes me feel nervous.
(12)贫困的家庭使他年轻时在吃穿和住房上无法依靠他父母。
the poor family made him not depend on his parents for food, housing and clothing.
例4 麦克多年来一直致力于研究如何防止中学生沉迷于网络游戏。
___________________________________________________________ in the net game.
【答案】it has taken Mike many years to keep studying how to stop the students from losing themselves 或者For many years, Mike has kept studying how to prevent the students from losing themselves
【解析】本题的考查点有5个:
1. prevent …from / stop …from / keep … away from 2. how to do
3. keep doing … 4. lose oneself 5. 现在完成时
根据考点句型,同学们还要再做一些相关配题,例如:
(1)没有任何事情阻止我们达到我们的目标。
Nothing will stop us from reaching our aims.
(2)你为什么没来?
What stopped you from coming ?
(3)他们不让我出门。
They stopped me from going out of the door.
(4)他阻止他的儿子做这件事。
He stopped his son from doing it.
(5)这个婴儿不停地哭叫,怎么了?
The baby kept shouting and crying. What happened?
(6)下了一夜的雨。
It kept raining all night.
(7)当他听的时候一直在做笔记。
He kept taking notes as he listened.
(8)继续走直到你走到一座桥上。
Keep going until you reach a bridge.
(9)他教她游泳。
He showed her how to swim.
(10)我们一直未发现如何打开这个盒子。
We never discovered how to open the box.
(11)不久你就会学会开车的。
Soon you’ll find out how to drive a car.
例5 现在一些新生产的手机既能拍照也能从网上下载歌曲。
Today some newly-produced mobile phones
_________________________________________________________________.
【答案】can be used not only for taking photos but also for downloading songs from the Internet.
【解析】本题的考查点有5个:
1. not only … but also … 2. be used for … 3. take photos 4. download … from…
5. 情态动词的被动语态
根据考点句型,同学们还要再做一些相关配题,例如:
(1)不只是你,她也必须参加典礼。
Not only you but also she has to join the ceremony.
(2)那个护士不但耐心而且亲切。
The nurse is not only patient but also kind.
(3)他是个如此全才的人以至于他不但在学校里教书,而且还写小说。
He is such a versatile man that he not only teaches at school but also writes novels.
(4)这类收音机被用来学英语。
This kind of radio is used for learning English.
(5)刀可用来切面包。
A knife can be used for cutting bread.
(6)石头可用来造房子。
Stones can be used for building houses.
(7)应该在山上种许多树。
Many trees should be planted on the mountains.
(8)应该允许青少年和朋友外出。
Teenagers should be allowed to go out with their friends.
(9)孩子们应当被允许星期五晚上和朋友们一起去看电影。
The children should be allowed to go to the movies with friends on Friday nights.
(10)桌子可由石头做成。
Tables can be made of stone.
(11)废纸不应该扔在这里。
Waste paper should not be thrown here.
(12)这件事应该由李明干吗?
Should it be done by Li Ming?
【好题优选】
第一组
1. 邮局离这儿有些远,你最好坐车去。
The post office is a bit far from here. ______________________ take a bus.
2. 为什么不早点儿把这个好消息告诉他呢?
__________________ tell him the good news a little earlier?
3. 王芳还没来,她怎么了?
Wang Fang hasn’t come yet. ______________________________ her?
4. 很多医护人员太忙了,顾不上吃饭。
Many doctors and nurses are ______________________ have their meals.
5. 工人们已连续工作了16个小时,有必要让他们停下来休息。
The workers have kept working for 16 hours, so _________________________________.
【答案】
1. You’d better
2. Why not
3. What’s wrong with
4. too busy to
5. it’s necessary to make them stop to have a rest
第二组
1. 六点钟了,该吃晚饭了。
It’s six o’clock. __________________ supper.
2. 博物馆很近,为什么不走着去呢?
The museum is quite near. _________________________ on foot?
3. 我的电脑坏了,你能帮我修一下吗?
_________________________________ my computer. Could you help me mend it?
4. 很抱歉让你久等了。
I’m sorry ______________________for a long time.
5. 他过去玩电脑游戏的时间太多,结果对学习不感兴趣了。
_________________________________________ he was not interested in his lessons.
【答案】
1. It’s time for/ to have
2. Why not go (there)
3. There is something wrong with
4. to keep you waiting
5. He spent so much time(in)playing computer games that
第三组
1. 除非采取措施阻止污染,饮用水不可能像以前一样干净。
The drinking water _________________________ before unless some actions ______________________.
2. 把太多的钱花在不需要的东西上就是浪费钱。
_____________________________unnecessary objects is just_______________________________.
3. 除非你已经找到那个问题的答案,否则别发短信给我。
Unless you already___________________________ , _______________________.
4. 这部两小时长的纪录片帮助人们近距离观察野生动物的生活。
This _______________ documentary helps people _________________________________ wild animals.
5. 那场令人惊叹的音乐会将于什么时候在电视上直播?
When _________________________________________6. 这男孩直到老师提醒他才认识到错误。
The boy _______________ his mistake ____________________________.
【答案】
1. can’t be as clean as; are taken to prevent the pollution
2. Spending too much money on; a waste of money
3. find out the answer to the question; don’t send text messages to me
4. two hour; take a close look at the life of wild animals
5. will that surprising concert be covered live
6. didn’t realize; until the teacher reminded him
第四组
1. 一些人认为太空旅行也许会使人生病。
Some people think that ________ ________ ________ ________ make people ________ ________.
2. 我认为引力对于火星移居者来说不是问题。
I ________ ________ that gravity will be a problem ________ ________ on Mars.
3. 你认为住在十个房间的大厦里可能吗?
Do you think that to live in a building ________ ________ ________ is ________ ________?
4. 西蒙正在考虑将来他会在火星上做什么。
Simon is ________ ________ what he will do on Mars ________ ________ ________.
5. 我们学校的学生数量只有他们学校的五分之二。
________ ________ ________ the students in our school is ________ ________ ________ ________ in their school.
【答案】
1. traveling in space might; fall ill
2. don't think; to settlers
3. with ten rooms; highly possible
4. thinking about; in the future
5. The number of; only two-fifths of that
