2012年全国高考英语试题四川卷及答案详解

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（四川卷）

英语

本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，第Ⅰ卷1页至11页，第Ⅱ卷12页至14页。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共100分）

注意事项：

1.答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目涂写在答题卡上。

2.1—65小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，在试题卷上作答无效。

第一部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分50分）

第一节语法和词汇知识（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）

从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

1. — Excuse me. How much is the shirt?

— _______ .

A. Extra Large

B. 50 each

C. It sells well

D. Altogether there are 5

1. B【解析】考查交际用语。句意：—衬衣怎样卖？—每件50。

2. New technologies have made _______ possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.

A. that

B. this

C. one

D. it

2. D【解析】考查代词it的用法。句意：新科技使迅速低成本生产新产品成为可能。it取代动词不定式做形式宾语。

【易错点拨】指示代词this/that不能取代不定式在句中做形式宾语或主语。

3. — Goodbye, John. Come back again sometime.

— Sure. _______.

A. I did

B. I do

C. I shall

D. I will

3. D【解析】考查交际用语。句意：—再见，约翰，欢迎再来。—一定，我会的。对祈使句的肯定回答，用“I will”。答语中will表示“一种意愿”。

4. At school, some students are active _______ some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.

A. while

B. although

C. so

D. as

4. A【解析】考查连词。句意：在学校有的学生很活跃而有的很腼腆，但他们都能成为朋友。while可用做连词，放在句中，表示“一种对比”，有转折之意。

5. This is not my story, nor _______ the whole story. My story plays out differently.

A. is there

B. there is

C. is it

D. it is

5. C【解析】考查倒装句。句意：这不是我的故事，这也不是完整故事。我的故事结尾方式不一样。当句首状语为否定词或带有否定意义的短语时，句子要局部倒装，将相应的助动词、情态动词或be动词放在主语之前，题中为“主系表结构”，所以用is it。这样的否定词或者否定意义短语如下：nor, neither, not, nowhere, never, hardly, rarely, seldom, scarcely, no sooner, little, at no time, on no account, by no means, on no condition, not only, etc.【易错点拨】语境表明题中为“主系表结构”并非There be 句型。

6. Tom took a taxi to the airport, only _______ his plane high up in the sky.

A. finding

B. to find

C. being found

D. to have found

6. B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他坐出租汽车去机场，不料飞机已起飞了。动词不定式表示一种出乎意料的结果。

【易错点拨】不定式与分词作结果状语。European football is played in 80 countries, making it the most popular sports in the world. 八十个国家踢的都是欧式足球，这使得它成为世界上最普及的一项体育运动。（一种因果关系）He hurried to the station only to find that the train had left. 他匆匆忙忙地赶到火车站，发现火车已经开走了。（一种出乎意料的结果）

7. The hotel is almost finished, but it _______ needs one or two weeks to get ready for guests.

A. only

B. also

C. even

D. still

7. D【解析】考查副词的辨析。句意：酒店已基本完成，但仍然虽要一两周为客人的到来做准备。still 用做作词，意为“仍然，依然”。

8. I looked up and noticed a snake _______ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.

A. to wind

B. wind

C. winding

D. wound

8. C【解析】考查现在分词做宾语的补足语。句意：我抬头看，注意到一条蛇正沿树蜿蜒而上，捕捉猎物做早餐。现在分词做宾语的宾补足语，它表示一种正在进行的动作。

9. — Did you catch what I said?

— Sorry. I _______ a text message just now.

A. had answering

B. have answered

C. would answer

D. was answering

9. D【解析】考查时态。句意：—你听懂我的话了吗？—很抱歉刚才我在回短信。过去进行时表示过去某时正在进行的动作。

10. If you happen to get lost in the wild, you’d be tter stay _______ you are and wait for help.

A. why

B. where

C. who

D. what

10. B【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：如果你在野外迷路了，最好待在原地，等帮助。where引导表明从句。

11. They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house _______.

A. is being rebuilt

B. has been rebuilt

C. is rebuilt

D. has rebuilt

11. A【解析】考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意：目前他们与父母住在一起，因为他们自己的房子正在重修。语境表明谓语动词用现在进行时且名词house是谓语动词rebuild的承受者，所以用现在进行时的被动语态。

12. Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car _______.

A. washed

B. wash

C. washing

D. to wash

12. A【解析】考查过去分词的用法。句意：开车进城前，你需要叫人洗车。have/get sth done表示“请，让，叫别人(为自己做某事)” ; 过去分词做宾语的补足语，宾语与其后补足语间有被动的关系。

13. In our class there are 46 students, _______ half wear glasses.

A. in whom

B. in them

C. of whom

D. of them

13. C【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们班上有46位同学，一半戴眼镜。of whom引导非性的定语从句。

【易错点拨】如果选用of them，则该句的两个分句间没有连接词，句子有语病。

14. This training program can give you a lift at work, _______ increase your income by 40%.

A. as well as

B. so long as

C. so much as

D. as soon as

14. A【解析】考查连接词的辨析。句意：该培训项目能在工作上给你信心，同时也能提高40%的收入。as well as “除了……以外，也，还”。so long as “只要”，as soon as“…一…就”。

15. He will come to understand your efforts sooner or later. It’s just a matter of _______.

A. luck

B. value

C. time

D. fact

15. C【解析】考查名词的辨析。句意：他迟早会理解你的努力的，这只是时间问题。a matter of time时间问题。

16. I make $ 2,000 a week, 60 surely won’t make _______ difference to me.

A. that a big

B. a that big

C. big a that

D. that big a

16. D【解析】考查形容词副词的语序问题。句意：我一周赚2,000美元，60美元对我没多大意义。that 与形容一块修饰单数可数名词时，其语序为：that +形容词+冠词+名词。句中that为程度副词相当于so。

17. Scientists study _______ human brains work to make computers.

A. when

B. how

C. that

D. whether

17. B【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：科学家研究人是怎样造出计算机的。how引导宾语从句，它在从句中做状语，表示一种方式。

18. We are said to be living in _______ Information Age, _______ time of new discoveries and great changes.

A. an; the

B. 不填; the

C. 不填; a

D. the; a

18. D【解析】考查冠词。句意：我们生活在信息时代，一个有新发现，有巨变的时代。第一空格the Information Age信息时代，定冠词表示特指，第二空a time“或长或短的一段时间”，不定冠词表泛指。

19. I got close enough to hear them speak ing Chinese, and I said “Ni Hao.” just as I _______ do in China.

A. must

B. might

C. can

D. should

19. B【解析】考查情态动词。句意：我靠近他们，听见他们讲汉语。我对他们道了声“你好！”，就像我在中国我会讲的那样。might表示一种可能性。

20. It’s surprising that your brother _______ Russian so quickly —he hasn’t lived there very long.

A. picked up

B. looked up

C. put up

D. made up

20. A【解析】考查动词短语的辨析。句意：很惊奇，你弟弟学俄语如此快，他在没多久。pick up 意为“无意地学会(技术、语言、游戏等。此处该短语还有“增加(速度或冲力)，拾起，捡起，收听到，用车搭载人，恢复健康、体力、精神，染上坏习惯等”意思。

第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Lightning flashed through the darkness over Sibson’s bedroom skylight（天窗）.Sibson was shaken by a clap of thunder 21 he knew what was happening. The storm had moved directly 22 his two-story wooden house. Then he heard the smoke alarm beeping.

Sibson rushed down the stairs barefoot to 23 ; he opened the door to the basement（地下室）, and flames 24 out. Sibson ran back upstairs to call 911 from his bedroom. “I felt25 because the room had a separate outdoor stairway,” he explained.

But the phone didn’t work, an d when he tried to go down the utdoor stairway, he was 26 by a wallof flames. Sibson realized he was trapped（困住）.

Sibson’s house was three kilometers27 the main road and was so well hidden by trees that he knew calling for help would be 28 .

Up a hill nearby lived Sibson’s neighbor, Huggons. He was lying in bed when something like a smoke alarm 29 his ears. He jumped out of bed, took his 30 and flashlight, and headed down the hillside toward the 31 . That was when he saw the rolling heavy smoke.

Huggons dialed 911, and the operator warned him not to 32 the house. But Huggons said, “Ther e is no way I am going to listen to Sibson 33 and die in that fire.”

“Anyone there?” Huggons called out. Then he heard “Help! I’m trapped!” coming from the second- floor balcony（阳台）. He entered the house, but soon had to run back to catch his 34 .

After one more 35 inside the house, Huggons gave up and 36 around back.

The wind parted the smoke just 37 for him to catch sight of Sibson. But there was no way to get to him. He 38 the flashlight into the woods and noticed a ladder. He took it over to the balcony and 39 Sibson down just as the second floor of the house fell off.

Sibson is still 40 when he tells the story. “I was alone that night,” he says. “T hen I heard the most beautiful sound in my life. It was Huggons.”

21. A. before B. while C. since D. until

22. A. on B. in C. through D. over

23. A. hide B. wait C. check D. escape

24. A. moved B. gave C. went D. exploded

25. A. safe B. worried C. glad D. tired

26. A. burned B. stopped C. shocked D. covered

27. A. beside B. off C. across D. along

28. A. limited B. false C. fruitless D. regretful

29. A. struck B. missed C. touched D. passed

30. A. coat B. key C. basin D. phone

31. A. noise B. road C. smoke D. danger

32. A. search B. enter C. leave D. damage

33. A. call B. roll C. scream D. sigh

34. A. breath B. attention C. ladder D. flashlight

35. A. stay B. chance C. thought D. attempt

36. A. climbed B. circled C. looked D. jumped

37. A. clear B. open C. enough D. fit

38. A. led B. put C. drove D. shone

39. A. persuaded B. kicked C. pulled D. forced

40. A. nervous B. surprised C. proud D. thankful

【篇章导读】文章为记叙文。文中叙述了Sibson家发生火灾，山上的邻居Huggons听到烟雾报警器后，下山营救Sibson的过程。

21. A【解析】考查连词。语境：还不知道发生什么事，Sibson被一道雷声吓着了。before引导时间状语从句。

22. D【解析】考查介词。语境：暴风雨在二层楼的小木屋上方放荡。over表示“在……上方”

23. C【解析】考查动词。语境：Sibson光着脚下楼检查情况。check“检查，查核；核实”。

24. D【解析】考查动词。语境：Sibson开门进入地下室，火焰冲了出来。上下文可知地下室起火了，开门后火焰冲出，所以用exploded最为恰当，不能选用went。

25. A【解析】考查形容词。语境：因为房间有单独的户外通道，所以“我”感觉安全。safe“完全的”。

26. B【解析】考查动词。语境：手机坏了，Sibson户外通道下楼，但被大火拦住了。后一句信息Sibson realized he was trapped.可暗示。

27. B【解析】考查介词。语境：Sibson家的房子离大路有三公里路程。off“离…，在…的外面”。

28. C【解析】考查形容词。语境：树林隐藏了Sibson家的房子，因此他知道呼救没有作用。fruitless“劳而无功的，徒劳的”。

29. A【解析】考查动词。语境：Huggons睡觉时听到像烟雾报警器样的声音。strike “(声音)传入…的耳中，被感受到”。

30. D【解析】考查名词。语境：下段中信息Huggons dialed 911, and the operator warmed him not to 32 the house可暗示Huggons带上了手机。

31. A【解析】考查名词。语境：上信息He was lying in bed when something like a smoke alarm 29 his ears. 暗示Huggons下山朝声音方向奔去。

32. B【解析】考查动词。语境：因为危险，接线员叫Huggons不能进入房间。下文信息He enter the house, but soon……也可以暗示答案。enter“进入”。

33. C【解析】考查名词。语境：Huggons讲没办法，他得进屋，因为Sibson在尖叫呼救。scream“尖声喊叫，大叫大嚷着要求”。

34. A【解析】考查名词。语境：Huggons进入了房间，但不一会儿不得不跑回来喘口气。catch one’s breath“喘口气”。

35. D【解析】考查名词。attempt“尝试，试图，企图，努力，尽力”。

36. B【解析】考查动词。语境：又一次尝试后，Huggons只好放弃，退了回来。circle around back“返回来”。

37. C【解析】考查形容词。语境：风让烟雾少到Huggons能看清Sibson。注意：fit“适合的，恰当的，能胜任的”，不符合语境。

38. D【解析】考查动词。语境：Huggons把电筒照向树林，发现了一架样子。shine“把…光投向…，把…光对准…(at，in，into)”。

39. C【解析】考查动词。语境：Huggons把样子搬到阳台，将Sibson牵了下来。pull“拉，拖，牵”。

40. D【解析】考查形容词。语境：Sibson讲故事时他依然心存感谢。Thankful“感谢的，感恩的”。

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）

第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。（共20小题；每小题3分，满分40分）

A

On a hill 600 feet above the surrounding land, we watch the lines of rain move across the scene, the moon rise over the hills, and the stars appear in the sky. The views invite a long look from a comfortable chair in front of the wooden house.

Every window in our wooden house has a view, and the forest and lakes seldom look the same as the hourbefore. Each look reminds us where we are.

There is space for our three boys to play outside, to shoot arrows, collect tree seeds, build earth houses and climb trees.

Our kids have learned the names of the trees, and with the names have come familiarity and appreciation. As they tell all who show even a passing interest, maple（枫树）makes the best fighting sticks and white pines are the best climbing trees.

The air is clean and fresh. The water from the well has a pleasant taste, and it is perhaps the healthiest water our kids will ever drink. Though they have one glass a day of juice and the rest is water, they never say anything against that.

The seasons change just outside the door. We watch the maples turn every shade of yellow and red in the fall and note the poplars’（杨树）putting out the first green leaves of spring. The rainbow smelt fills the local steam as the ice gradually disappears, and the wood frogs start to sing in pools after being frozen for the winter.

A family of birds rules our skies and flies over the lake.

41. What can be learned from Paragraph 2?

A. The scenes are colorful and changeable.

B. There are many windows in the wooden house.

C. The views remind us that we are in a wooden house.

D. The lakes outside the windows are quite different in color.

42. By mentioning the names of the trees, the author aims to show that_______ .

A. the kids like playing in trees

B. the kids are very familiar with trees

C. the kids have learned much knowledge

D. the kids find trees useful learning tools

43. What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?

A. The change of seasons is easily felt.

B. The seasons make the scenes change.

C. The weather often changes in the forest.

D. The door is a good position to enjoy changing seasons.

44. What is the main purpose of the author writing the text?

A. To describe the beauty of the scene around the house.

B. To introduce her children’s happy life in the forest.

C. To show that living in the forest is healthful.

D. To share the joy of living in the nature.

【篇章导读】文章为记叙文。文中作者与读者分享生活在自然中的乐趣。

41. A 【解析】推理判断题。第二段中信息Every window in our wooden house has a view, and the forest and lakes seldom look the same as the hour before.可知房前的景色多姿多彩，富有变化。

42. C【解析】推理判断题。第四段中信息…with the names have come familiarity and appreciation. …maple makes the best fighting sticks and white pines are the best climbing trees. 可知作者感激他的孩子们学到了很多知识，他们知道枫树、松树的一些用处。

43. A 【解析】句意理解题。最后段中信息We watch the maples turn every shade of yellow and red in the fall

and …after being frozen for the winter. 间接表达该段首句The seasons change just outside the door. 的意义，即：很容易感觉到季节的变化。

44. D【解析】写作意图题。作者叙述门前美景，回忆孩子在自然中的所得是与读者一块分享生活在自然中的乐趣。所以D项正确。

B

Here is your best chance to travel around the UK in 2012: More than 200 B&Bs（bed & breakfast）across England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland are selected to offer you amazing services for your stay at their lowest prices! Don’t miss it. Just collect the vouchers（活动券）in our B&B Daily printed from 01/04/2012 to 07/04/2012 and book the stays for your travel following the terms and conditions below:

● The offer includes a room for the night and a breakfast the next morning.

●The offer is of two kinds: ￡20 per room, valid（有效的）during stay period of 02/04/2012—31/05/2012 and then again 01/09/2012—31/10/2012；￡35 per room, per night, valid during stay period of 01/06/2012—31/08/2012.

● The offer is valid for a basic twin or double room only.

● The stay must be booked directly with the chosen B&Bs before 28/04/2012.

● Each voucher can only be used by the holder to book one room for one night.

● If voucher holders book either the ￡20 or ￡35 per room per night, any additional services such as lunch, evening meal or activities may require an extra charge. But these are not required in order to take up the offer. Please check directly with your chosen B&Bs to see what extra services are available.

● V ouchers must be presented on arrival. If no vouchers are presented, the B&Bs may reserve（保留）the right to charge at full price for every night of stay.

● V ouchers may not be used together with any other offer.

● The voucher holders must pay for the stay in full at the time of booking. Additional ￡10 may be paid to confirm（确认）the booking and will be returned on arrival.

●The B&Bs reserve the right to refuse voucher holders’ bookings for people un der the age of 18.

45. The voucher can be used for a stay at the chosen B&B on ______.

A. 09/01/2012

B. 04/02/2012

C. 01/03/2012

D. 28/04/2012

46. How much should be paid for a two-night stay in October 2012 at a chosen B&B?

A. ￡70

B. ￡40

C. ￡35

D. ￡30

47. What right do the B&Bs reserve?

A. To charge extra ￡10 for bookings with no vouchers.

B. To refuse bookings for guest under the age of 18.

C. To charge at full price for stays not confirmed.

D. To request extra charges as tips.

48. By taking up the offer, the voucher holders can choose to _______.

A. book either a basic twin or double room at the chosen B&Bs

B. have lunch or evening meal without paying extra money

C. use the B&B offer together with other offers

D. book the stays though B&B Daily【篇章导读】文章为应用文。文中介绍了英语B&Bs旅馆的活动券方面的情况。

45. D【解析】细节理解题。文中信息The stay must be booked directly with the chosen B&Bs before 28/04/2012. Each voucher can only be used by the holder to book one room for one night. 可知答案。

46. B【解析】简单计算题。文中信息The offer is of two kinds: ￡20 per room, per night, valid during stay period of 02/04/2012—31/05/2012 and then again 01/09/2012—31/10/2012可知B项正确2×￡20=￡40。47. B【解析】细节理解题。文中信息The B&Bs reserve the right to refuse voucher holders’ bookings for people under the age of 18.可知答案。

48. A【解析】细节理解题。文中信息The offer is valid for a basic twin or double room only可知答案。

C

I left university with a good degree in English Literature, but no sense of what I wanted to do. Over the next six years, I was treading water, just trying to earn an income. I trie d journalism, but I didn’t think I was any good, then finance, which I hated. Finally, I got a job as a rights assistant at a famous publisher. I loved working with books, although the job that I did was dull.

I had enough savings to take a year off work, and I decided to try to satisfy a deep-down wish to write a novel. Attending a Novel Writing MA course gave me the structure I needed to write my first 55,000 words.

It takes confidence to make a new start —there’s a dark period in-between where you’re ne ither one thing nor the other. You’re out for dinner and people ask what you do, and you’re too ashamed to say, “Well, I’m writing a no vel, but I’m not quite sure if I’m going to get there.” My confidence dived. Believing my novel could not be published, I put it aside.

Then I met an agent（代理商）who said I should send my novel out to agents. So, I did and, to my surprise, got some wonderful feedback. I felt a little hope that I might actually become a published writer and, after signing with an agent, I finished the second half of the novel.

The next problem was finding a publisher. After two-and-a-half years of no income, just waiting and wondering, a publisher offered me a book deal — that publisher turned out to be the one I once worked for.

It feels like an unbelievable stroke of luck —of fate, really. When you set out to do something different, there’s no end in sight, so to find myself in a position where I now have my own name on a contract（合同）of the publisher — to be a published writer — is unbelievably rewarding（有回报的）.

49. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 mean?

A. I was waiting for good fortune.

B. I was trying to find an admirable job.

C. I was being aimless about a suitable job.

D. I was doing several jobs for more pay at a time.

50. The author decided to write a novel _______.

A. to finish the writing course

B. to realize her own dream

C. to satisfy readers’ wish

D. to earn more money

51. How did the writer feel halfway with the novel?

A. Disturbed.

B. Ashamed.

C. Confident.

D. Uncertain.52. What does the author mainly want to tell readers in the last paragraph?

A. It pays to stick to one’s goal.

B. Hard work can lead to success.

C. She feels like being unexpectedly lucky.

D. There is no end in sight when starting to do something.

【篇章导读】文章为记叙文。文中记叙作者写小说，出版作品，实现梦想的经过。

49. C【解析】句意理解题。第一段中信息…but no sense of what I what to do. …I tried journalism, but I didn’t think I was any good, then finance…表明作者对工作没有目标的。

50. B【解析】细节理解题。第二段中信息I had enough savings to take a year off work, and I decided to try to satisfy a deep-down wish to write a novel. 可知作者决定写小说是为了实现梦想。注意C项的表达方式与该句中信息有误，不能选择。

51. D【解析】推理判断题。第三段中信息“Well, I’m writing a novel, but I’m not quite sure if I’m going there.”My confidence dived. Believing my novel could not be published, I put aside.可知作者写小说的半途中感觉不自信，不确信能否成功。

52. A【解析】推理判断题。最后段中信息When you set out to do something different, there’s no end in sight, so to find myself in a position where I now have my own name on a contract of the publisher—to be a published writer—is unbelievably rewarding. 可知A项正确。

D

In a recent announcement, Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology（MIT）said that they have joined forces to offer free online courses in an effort to attract millions of online learners worldwide.

Beginning this fall, a number of courses developed by teachers at both universities will be offered online through a new $60 million program, known as edX. “Anyone with an Internet connection anywh ere in the world can use our online courses,” Harvard President Drew Faust said during a meeting to announce the plan.

MIT has offered a program called OpenCourseWare for ten years that makes materials from more than 2,000 classes free online. It has been used by more than 100 million people. In December, the school announced it also would begin offering a special certificate, known as MITx, for people who complete certain online courses. Harvard has long offered courses to a wider population through a similar program.

The MITx will serve as the foundation for the new learning platform.

MIT President Susan Hockfield said more than 120,000 people signed up for the first MITx course. She said Harvard and MIT hope other universities will join them in offering courses on the open-source edX platform.

“Fasten your seatbelts,” Hockfield said.

Other universities, including Stanford, Yale and Carnegie-Mellon, have been experimenting with teaching to a global population online.

The Harvard-MIT program will be monitored by a not-for-profit（非盈利的）organization based in Cambridge, to be owned equally by the two universities. Both MIT and Harvard have provided $30 million to start the program. They also plan to use the edX platform to research how students learn and which teaching methods and tools are most successful.

53. According to this text, edX is _______.A. a part of the free MIT OpenCourseWare

B. a free computer program by MIT and Harvard

C. a Harvard-MIT platform of free online courses

D. a free program online for universities worldwide

54. What is said about online education in the text?

A. Universities have been trying online courses.

B. About 2,000 online courses have been offered.

C. Over 100 million people have finished courses online.

D. Stanford and Yale together have courses similar to edX.

55. The underlined part in the text probably means “_______”.

A. Get ready for the difficulties

B. Get ready for this educational change

C. Get prepared to complete the online courses

D. Get prepared to make materials for the edX courses

56. What can be said about MITx according to the text?

A. It is first offered as part of the edX learning program.

B. It is another free MIT-Harvard online learning program.

C. It is a standard to recognize online learners’ achievement.

D. It is a new kind of free online course of Harvard and MIT.

【篇章导读】文章为新闻报导。文中报导了哈佛大学和麻省理工学院联手提供免费在线课程的项目,旨在吸引世界各地数以百万计人在线学习。

53. C【解析】细节理解题。第二段中信息Beginning this fall, a number of courses developed by teachers at both universities will be offered online throug h a new $60 million program, known as edX. “Anyone with an Internet connection anywhere in the world can use our online courses”可知edX 是一种免费的网上课程平台，所以C项正确。

54. A【解析】细节理解题。第三段中信息MIT has offered …for ten years that makes materials from more than 2,000 classes free inline.以及第三段中信息Harvard has long offered courses to a wider population through a similar program. 可知A项正确。

55. B【解析】词义理解题。文中该短语前后信息Harvard and MIT hope other universities will join them in offering courses on the open-source platform. Other universitie s, including Stanford, Yale…with teaching to a global population online. 可知“Fasten your seatbelt”意为“为教育形式的变化做好”。

56. C【解析】细节理解题。第三段中信息In December, the school announced it also would begin offering a special certificate, known as MITx, for people who complete certain online courses. 可知MITx是认可学习者成绩的标准。

E

Plants are flowering faster than scientists predicted（预测）in reaction to climate change, which could have long damaging effects on food chains and ecosystems.

Global warming is having a great effect on hundreds of plant and animal species around the world, changing some living patterns, scientists say.Increased carbon dioxide（CO2）in the air from burning coal and oil can have an effect on how plants produce oxygen, while higher temperatures and changeable rainfall patterns can change their patterns of growth.

“Predicting species’ reaction to climate change is a major challenge in ecology,” said the researches of several U.S. universities. They said plants had been the key object of study because their reaction to climate change could have an effect on food chains and ecosystem services.

The study, published on the Nature website, uses the findings from plant life cycle studies and experiments across four continents and 1,634 species. It found that some experiments had underestimated（低估）the speed of flowering by 8.5 times and leafing by 4 times.

“Across all species, the experiments under-predicted the speed of the advance —for both leafing and flowering —that results from temperature increases,” the study said.

The design of future experiments may need to be improved to better predict how plants will react to climate change, it said.

Plants are necessary for life on the Earth. They are the base of the food chain, using photosynthesis（光合作用）to produce sugar from carbon dioxide and water. They let out oxygen which is needed by nearly every organism on the planet.

Scientists believe the world’s average temperature has risen by about 0.8℃ since 1900, and nearly 0.2℃every ten years since 1979.

So far, efforts to cut emissions（排放）of planet-warming greenhouse gases are not seen as enough to prevent the Earth heating up beyond 2℃this century —a point scientists say will bring the danger of a changeable climate in which weather extremes are common, leading to drought, floods, crop failures and rising sea levels.

57. What is the key information the author wants to give in Paragraph 1?

A. Plants’ reaction to weather could have damaging effects on ecosystem s.

B. The increasing speed of flowering is beyond scientists’ expectat ion.

C. Climate change leads to the change of food production patterns.

D. Food chains have been seriously damaged because of weather.

58. We can learn from the study published on the Nature website that _______.

A. plants’ flowering is 8.5 times faster th an leafing

B. there are 1,634 plant species on the four continents

C. scientists should improve the design of the experiments

D. the experiments failed to predict how plants react to climate change

59. Scientists pay special attention to the study of plants because _______.

A. they can prove the climate change clearly

B. they are very important in the food chains

C. they play a leading role in reducing global warming

D. they are growing and flowering much faster than before

60. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs about the world’s temperature?

A. It has risen nearly 0.2℃ since 1979.

B. Its change will lead to weather extremes.C. It is 0.8℃ higher in 1979 than that of 1900.

D. It needs to be controlled within 2℃ in this century.

【篇章导读】文章为研究报告。报告中指出因气候变化植物开花速度远超科学家预期，研究植物很重要，它处在食物链的底部；人类需控制全球气温的增长。

57. B【解析】作者意图题。第一段讲因气候变化，植物开花有速度比科学家预测的更快了，这对食物链与生态系统有影响，这与选项B的表达一致（植物开花速度远超科学家预期）。

58. C【解析】细节理解题。倒数第四段中信息The design of future experiments may need to be improved to better predict how plants will react to climate change可知C项正确。

59. B【解析】细节理解题。倒数第三段中信息Plants are necessary for life in the Earth. They are the base of the food chain, using…可知科学家特别关心植物的研究因为植物在食物链中十分重要。

60. D【解析】细节理解题。最后段中信息…are not seen as enough to prevent the Earth heating up to beyond 2℃this century —a point scientists say will bring the danger of a changeable climate in which weather extremes are common. 可知在三世纪气温增长需要控制在2℃之内。

第二节根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项多余选项。（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

— What seems to be the problem?

—61

— How long have you been like this?

— Since Saturday night.

—62

— Yes, I also feel lighthearted.

— Can you think of anything you ate Saturday that might have caused it?

—All I can think of is the fish I had. It didn’t taste quite right.

—63 Now I’ll give you some medicine. Take it and you should be feeling better soon.

—

— I also suggest that you follow a special diet.

—65

You should stick to eating lighter foods.

第II卷（非选择题，共50分）

第三部分写作（共两节，满分50分）

第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个沟（√）；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正；

此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（\\）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词。并也用斜线划掉。

此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。

此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。

注意：原行没有错的不要改。

Dear Mom,

Mother’s Day is coming. I’m sorry that I am abroad 66. _____________

and can’t send your flowers, so I’m writing to you. 67. _____________ Mom, I know I have never expressed my thank to you 68. _____________

before. But on today, at this special time, I just want to tell 69. _____________

you loudly: I love you, Mom! Thank you so much by not 70. _____________

only giving me life, but also teach me how to be a good 71. _____________

person. Thank you for all you had done for me. Mom, though 72. _____________

I may often say it, I do love you. Nobody can take your 73, _____________

part in my heart. Whenever I am, I will always love you. 74. _____________ Hope you good health and much happiness every day! 75. _____________

Your little girl,

Jennifer

66. 正确。

67. your改成you【解析】考查代词。动词send后接双宾语，指人宾语为间接宾语，用宾格。

68. thank改成thanks。【解析】考查名词。thanks 名词意为“谢谢”（只用复数）。

69. 去掉介词on。【解析】考查介词。today为副词，之前不用介词。

70. by改成for。【解析】考查介词。表示原因用介词for; thank sb for doing意为“因做某事而感谢某人”。

71. teach改成teaching。【解析】考查动名词。动词做介词for的宾语用动名词。

72. had改成have。【解析】考查时态。上下文时态应该呼应，此处用现在完成时，所以had改为have。

73. may后加上not。【解析】考查行文逻辑。根据行文逻辑，修改处用否定式。语境：虽然“我”不常讲我感谢，但“我”的确爱妈。

74. Whenever改成Wherever。【解析】考查状语从句。语境表明该处用地点状语从句。语境：无论“我”在哪儿，我也爱你。

75. Hope改成Wish。【解析】考查动词的辨析。Wish后接双宾语，常表示一种祝愿。

第二节书面表达（满分35分）

假如你是大学一年级新生李华。开学之初，你的英语老师Ms Li希望了解每位同学的英语学习情况，并征求教学建议。请按以下要点用英语给她写一封信。

1. 对英语学习的认识；2. 自己目前的英语水平；

3. 自己英语学习存在的主要问题；

4. 对英语教学的两点建议。

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 信的开头和结尾已给出。

Dear Ms Li,

I’m very happy to have you as our English teacher.

_________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________

Thank you!

Li Hua 【写作提示】

虽说是写信，但该题目属于提纲式要点作文，提纲类书面表达不是简单的逐条翻译，而是将所给的几个要点合理的组成比较通顺的短文，因此要仔细组织语言，合理安排结构。写作时要明确得分点，应细心分析，弄清内容要点，既要避免漏点，又要任意发挥；要正确表达，符合英语语言习惯。要扬长避短，在不改变原文基本内容的前提下，灵活地运用最熟悉最有把握的词汇和句式。

【范文赏读】

Dear ms Li,

I am very happy t have you as our English teacher.

As the world is becoming a global village, English is getting more and more important, so master English means we can see the world through a new window.

My English is just OK and the two problems in my study are that I feel it difficult to learn words by heart, and that I often feel nervous when speaking English. I really hope that you can give me good advice on how to memorize new words. I believe we can make much progress in English with your help.

Thank you!

Li Hua.

【亮点点击】本文用地道的语言表达了题目中要求的全部内容要点，出色地完成了试题规定的任务。文中行文结构十分明晰，句式使用得熟练而准确，流畅自然，不露痕迹，的确是一篇佳作。文中也运用了较高级的语言结构，如长句My English is just OK and the two problems in my study are that I feel it difficult to learn words by heart, and that I often feel nervous when speaking English.中that引导两个表语从句，it做形容宾语，省略句等也为文章增色不少。