德国 DIN17611-2007 锻造铝和锻造铝合金的阳极氧化产品 交货技术条件[英文版]

DEUTSCHE NORM

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DIN 17611:2007-11

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Contents

Page

Foreword..............................................................................................................................................................3 1 Scope.......................................................................................................................................................4 2 Normative references.............................................................................................................................4 3 Quality......................................................................................................................................................5 4 Designing products for anodizing........................................................................................................6 5 Anodizing................................................................................................................................................6 6 Requirements..........................................................................................................................................8 7 Testing.....................................................................................................................................................9 8

Batching and scope of testing (10)

9 Transport, storage and assembly......................................................................................................10 Bibliography.....................................................................................................................................................11 Tables

Table 1 — Surface pretreatment designation system.....................................................................................7 Table 2 — Minimum average and minimum local anodic oxidation coating thicknesses..........................8 Table 3 — Number of test pieces for determining coating thickness.. (10)

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Foreword

This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee NA 066-01-09 AA Anodisch oxidiertes Aluminium of the Normenausschuss Nichteisenmetalle (Nonferrous Metals Standards Committee).

Amendments

This standard differs from DIN 17611:2000-12 as follows:

a) For alloying elements, the chemical symbol based designation system has been replaced by an

alphanumerical designation system.

b) The requirements for coating thickness have been rendered more precise and harmonized with

DIN EN 12373-1.

c) The standard has been editorially revised.

Previous editions

DIN 17611: 19-05, 1969-06, 1981-12, 1985-06, 2000-12

DIN 17612: 1969-06

3DIN 17611:2007-11

1Scope

This standard specifies the technical delivery conditions for anodized aluminium and wrought aluminium alloy products used in the metalworking industry. Anodizing creates an oxide coating on the surface of aluminium, protecting it more effectively from corrosion, and making durable decorative effects produced using a treatment as in Table 1.

For the purposes of this standard, semi-finished aluminium products are

— sheet, strip and plate as in DIN EN 485-1;

— cold drawn rod, bars and tube as in DIN EN 754-1;

— extruded rod, bars, tube and profiles as in DIN EN 755-1;

— extruded precision profiles as in DIN EN 12020-1.

This standard does not cover

— products with coatings produced by hard anodizing;

— products with coatings produced by batch or coil anodizing;

— products worked after anodizing.

2 Normative references

The following reference documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

DIN EN 485-1, Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Sheet, strip and plate — Part 1: Technical conditions for inspection and delivery

DIN EN 573-3, Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Chemical composition and form of wrought products — Part 3: Chemical composition

DIN EN 754-1, Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Cold drawn rod/bar and tube — Part 1: Technical conditions for inspection and delivery

DIN EN 755-1, Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Extruded rod/bar, tube and profiles — Part 1: Technical conditions for inspection and delivery

DIN EN 12020-1, Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Extruded precision profiles in alloys EN AW-6060 and EN AW-6063 — Part 1: Technical conditions for inspection and delivery

DIN EN 12373-4, Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Anodizing — Part 4: Estimation of loss of absorptive power of anodic oxidation coatings after sealing by dye spot test with prior acid treatment

DIN EN 12373-5, Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Anodizing — Part 5: Assessment of quality of sealed anodic oxidation coatings by measurement of admittance

DIN EN 12373-7, Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Anodizing — Part 7: Assessment of quality of sealed anodic oxidation coatings by measurement of the loss of mass after immersion in phosphoric acid/chromic acid solution with prior acid treatment

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DIN 17611:2007-11

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DIN EN ISO 1463, Metallic and oxide coatings — Measurement of coating thickness — Microscopical method DIN EN ISO 2360, Non-conductive coatings on non-magnetic electrically conductive basis materials — Measurement of coating thickness — Amplitude-sensitive eddy current method

3 Quality

3.1 Anodizing quality

Semi-finished products of anodizing quality (EQ) shall be ordered when a decorative finish after anodizing is required.

Semi-finished products for decorative anodizing shall meet specific requirements for chemical composition, manufacturing parameters, surface treatment, testing and packaging.

Sections which are to be joined to form a single surface after anodizing should be taken from the same batch to avoid variations in the subsequent finish.

The anodizing quality required shall be specially agreed at the time of ordering.

Suitable materials for anodizing are, for example, the following grades as specified in DIN EN 573-3: Series 1000 — Al Series 5000 — Al Mg Series 6000 — Al MgSi EN AW-1050A [Al 99,5] EN AW-5005 [Al Mg1(B)] EN AW-6060 [Al MgSi] EN AW-1070A [Al 99,7] EN AW-5005A [Al Mg1(C)] EN AW-6063 [Al Mg0,7Si] EN AW-1080A [Al 99,8(A)] EN AW-5050 [Al Mg1,5(C)] EN AW-5051A [Al Mg2(B)]

EN AW-5754 [Al Mg3]1)

The surface appearance of semi-finished products shall be in accordance with the technical delivery conditions given in the relevant standards (see clause 1).

The intended surface treatment (see Table 1) and the anodizing method to be used (see 5.3) shall be stated when ordering.

Example of ordering details:

Profile DIN EN 12020-1 EN AW-6060-T6-EQ-E6/C-33

The designation of a semi-finished product shall be in accordance with the appropriate standard, and shall also include the intended surface treatment as in Table 1.

1) EN AW-5754 [Al Mg3] cannot be unreservedly recommended for electrolytic coloration (two-stage process).

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3.2 Standard quality

Standard grade semi-finished products are also suitable for anodizing, but not for surfaces with decorative finishes, even after pretreatment as in Table 1.

4 Designing products for anodizing

The appropriate design for anodic oxidation is essential for a surface which is to receive a decorative finish. Account shall be taken of contact points, excess widths and lengths, dimensions, and of drainage holes in hollow sections. Welds and extrusion seams may be visible after anodizing.

Contact points are a result of the manufacturing process and cannot therefore be avoided. Their location on visible surfaces shall be agreed upon by customer and producer.

5 Anodizing

5.1 Material

The material and temper of components supplied shall be made known to the works carrying out the surface treatment.

5.2 Pretreatment

Mechanical, chemical and/or electrochemical pretreatment is carried out to prepare the surface of components for anodic oxidation, and to produce particular surface effects. The type of treatment shall be denoted using the symbols given in Table 1.

Because of unavoidable technical variation, the same treatment may result in different surface effects. The customer and the works carrying out the treatment shall agree on the appearance required for rolled and extruded semi-finished products or components made from them. If products are required for the purposes of comparison, the range of variation shall be defined by at least two limiting samples.

2) E.g. C-33, medium bronze; see Aluminium-Merkblatt O 4 [1]. --` , ` , ` , ` , , ` , , , , ` , , , ` ` , ` ` , , , ` , -` -` , , ` , , ` , ` , , ` ---

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Table 1 — Surface pretreatment designation system

Symbol

Type of pretreatment

Remarks

E0 Degreasing and deoxidation Surface preparation before anodizing in which the surface is degreased and

deoxidized without further pretreatment. Mechanical marks such as scores and

scratches will remain visible. Corrosion spots which were hardly visible before treatment may become more apparent. E1

Grinding

Grinding produces a comparatively uniform, but somewhat dull appearance. Any surface defects present are largely eliminated but, depending on the coarseness of the abrasive, grinding grooves may be visible.

E2 Brushing Mechanical brushing produces a uniform bright surface with visible brush marks. Surface defects are only partly removed.

E3 Polishing

Mechanical polishing produces a shiny, polished surface, but surface defects are only partly removed.

E4

Grinding and brushing

Grinding and brushing produce a uniform bright surface, with mechanical surface defects eliminated. Corrosion spots, which may become visible as a result of E0 or E6 treatments, are eliminated.

E5

Grinding and polishing Grinding and polishing produce a smooth and shiny appearance, with

mechanical surface defects eliminated. Corrosion spots, which may become visible as a result of E0 or E6 treatments, are eliminated. E6

Etching

After degreasing, the surface is given a satin or matt finish by treatment in special alkaline etching solutions. Mechanical surface defects are smoothed out but not entirely eliminated. Any corrosion effects on the metal surface may become visible as a result of this treatment. Mechanical pretreatment before etching can eliminate these effects, but it is advisable to handle and store the metal correctly to avoid corrosion.

E7 Chemical or

electrochemical brightening

After degreasing the surface in a vapour degreaser or non-etching cleaner, the surface is given a very bright finish by treatment with special chemical or electrochemical brightening processes. Surface defects are only slightly reduced and corrosion effects may become visible.

E8 Polishing and chemical or electrochemical brightening

Grinding and polishing followed by chemical or electrochemical brightening. This

gives a very smooth and bright appearance. Mechanical surface defects and incipient corrosion are normally eliminated. NOTE Treatment E0 removes the natural oxide coating, leaving the metal largely intact. All other methods involve considerable metal removal.

5.3 Anodizing process

Anodized aluminium may be left its natural colour or coloured using a colouring method such as adsorptive colouring, electrolytic colouring, integral colouring, combined colouring processes and interference colouring. The customer and supplier shall agree on the procedures to be used for anodizing and colouring, but details shall be left to the supplier.

Some specifications and details of anodization and colouring procedures are given in Aluminium-Merkblatt (Aluminium Instruction Sheet) O 4 issued by the Gesamtverband der Aluminiumindustrie e.V., Düsseldorf (see Bibliography).

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5.4 Sealing

Sealing is necessary for oxide coatings produced by anodizing. Sealing shall preferably be carried out in demineralized water boiling at over 96 °C or in steam for three minutes per 1 µm of coating.

Sealing deposits which could impair the decorative appearance of visible surfaces shall either be prevented by additives to the bath, or subsequently removed by cleaning.

Cold impregnation using nickel fluoride or cobalt fluoride may be used, provided this is properly carried out. It shall be followed by treatment in water at over 60 °C for one minute per 1 µm of coating.

6 Requirements

6.1 Anodic oxidation coating thickness

Anodic oxidation coatings are classified according to the minimum allowed value of the average thickness (minimum average thickness), in micrometres. Typical thickness classes are given in Table 2. Additional intermediate values of average thickness may be specified if necessary, but in no case shall the minimum local thickness on a single article be less than 80 % of the minimum average thickness.

Table 2 — Minimum average and minimum local anodic oxidation coating thicknesses

Minimum average

thickness

Minimum local thickness

Class

µm a, b

µm

Location and environmental influences

10 10 8 Inside, dry

15 15

12 Inside, occasionally wet Outside, rural location with no air pollution (low SO 2 levels

from domestic and industrial heating) 20 20 16

Outside, urban or industrial location (SO 2 from combustion

and industrial gases) 25

25c

20

Especially aggressive atmosphere (such as a combination of marine and industrial influences)

a The coating thickness in grooves may be less, because of their geometry and the wettability of the product surface.

b In exceptional cases, for which other requirements apply, coating thicknesses of 5 µm or less can be produced. c

Coating thicknesses should not be greater than 30 µm, when they become less stable.

6.2 Quality of anodic oxidation coating

Anodizing and sealing shall be carried out so that the coating fulfils the requirements when tested as in clause 7.

6.3 Surface appearance

The customer and supplier shall agree on any specifications regarding decorative appearance, gloss, colour and saturation of anodized semi-finished products, preferably using colour samples for each type of product. Slight variations in shade due to differences in material and the production process are unavoidable.

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The decorative appearance of components shall be assessed by viewing them using diffuse daylight from the following distances, at right angles to the visible surface: — components to be used outside at ground level: 3 m; — components to be used outside on upper floors: 5 m; — components to be used inside: 2 m;

— comparison with colour samples: no more than 1 m.

— Other viewing distances shall be agreed between customer and supplier.

If the decorative appearance of anodized components is to be assessed after installation, they shall be cleaned before inspection.

7 Testing

7.1 Measurement of coating thickness

7.1.1 General

The scope of testing shall be as in Table 3, using one of the methods described in 7.1.2 and 7.1.3. 7.1.2

Measuring the coating thickness using eddy current equipment as in DIN EN ISO 2360

Due to its non-destructive nature, eddy current testing is particularly suited to flat surfaces.

The thickness of the coating on the visible surface shall be measured to an accuracy of ± 2 µm three to five times at each of at least five points, 0,5 cm 2 in area, and the mean of the measurements for each point determined. 7.1.3

Measuring the coating thickness at a section, using a microscope, as in DIN EN ISO 1463

The microscopical method requires the destruction of the component.

The thickness of the coating on the visible surface shall be measured to an accuracy of ± 0,8 µm at two points at least 800 mm apart.

7.2 Determining coating quality

7.2.1

Measuring admittance as in DIN EN 12373-5

Measurement of admittance shall be made within 48 hours after sealing for a coating thickness of 20 µm. It shall not exceed 20 µS for uncoloured coatings. In the case of coloured or dyed coatings, a different admittance may apply.

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Sealing shall be deemed satisfactory if dye absorption ratings of 0 up to 2 on the colour scale are obtained. The dye spot test is only suitable for undyed anodic oxidation coatings.

7.2.3 Determining loss of mass as in DIN EN 12373-7

The loss of mass shall be determined after immersion in phosphoric acid/chromic acid solution with prior acid treatment. The value obtained shall not exceed 30 mg/dm2.

8 Batching and scope of testing

8.1 Lot

A lot shall comprise the anodized components presented simultaneously for acceptance inspection, irrespective of their composition, as delivered condition, cross section or length. Components which have been treated by different anodizing processes shall not be batched together for testing.

8.2 Scope of testing

The scope of testing for determining the coating thickness (see 7.1) shall be as set out in Table 3.

Table 3 — Number of test pieces for determining coating thickness

Number of units

in lot

Number of

components

to be tested

Permissible number

of failed test pieces a

1 to 10 All 0

11 to 200 10 1

201 to 300 15 1

301 to 500 20 2

501 to 800 30 3

a Number of test pieces with a coating thickness of between 80 % and 100 % of the

minimum coating thickness as specified in Table 2. No test piece shall have a

coating thickness less than 80 % of the minimum.

The scope of other testing (see 7.2) shall be agreed at the time of ordering.

9 Transport, storage, assembly

Anodized components and those which are to be anodized shall be transported and stored in such a way that they remain undamaged. Additional arrangements for protecting semi-finished products and components during transport, in storage and during assembly shall be agreed between supplier and customer.

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Bibliography

[1] Aluminium-Merkblatt (Aluminium Instruction Sheet) O 4 Anodisch oxidiertes Aluminium für dekorative

Zwecke (Anodized aluminium for decorative purposes), obtainable from Gesamtverband der Aluminiumindustrie e.V., Postfach 10 12 62, 40003 Düsseldorf

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