第一部分:基础练习
I.词汇
1.选词填空并用适当的形式:
develop||, prevent||, surface||, disappoint||, explode||, float||, force||, publish||, solid||, spread||, violent||, astronomy
1. In the last five years the city has _______ out rapidly in all directions.
2. That he failed the college entrance examination _______ his parents very much.
3. They ____ the canoe out into the middle of the river.
4. The famous writer ________ a lot of popular novels in that _________ firm.
5. The ____________ of gravity makes things fall to the earth.
6. The robber kicked the door _______ and broke into the old man's house.
7. Nothing can separate the two||, because they have a ______ friendship foundation.
8. During World War II||, two atomic bombs _______ in Japan||, killing a large number of people.
9. With the ______ of our country’s economy||, people's living standard has been greatly raised.
10. More than 70% of the earth’s _____ is covered by water.
2.词组识记
1.依靠||;取决于 2. think of … as
3.既然||,由于 4. study the subject scientifically
5.摔跤 6. the beginning of life
7.向某人解释某事 8. make it possible for life to develop
9.随着时间的推移 10. prevent sb. from doing sth
11.盼望 12. the only natural satellite of the earth
13.导致 14. rise slowly into the air
15.屏住呼吸 16. make notes
17.作一次太空之旅 18. know much about sth
19.爆发 20. get the hang of it.
II.语法
1.用适当的连词填空:
1. They lost their way in the forest and ___ made matters worst was ___ night began to fall.
2. __________has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.
3. It is said __________Peter will have a chance to travel abroad next month.
4. __________Yang Liwei ate his food in space is _________ we want to know.
5. _________ he lost the bike worried him a lot.
6. I read about it in some book or other||, does it matter _________it was.
7. __________ of you answers the question correctly will be given a prize.
8. _________ he didn't come yesterday is unknown.
9. _________we will go tomorrow hasn't been decided yet.
10. _________ will be sent to help them is very important.
2. 根据中文提示翻译下列句子:
1.________________________________________(太空旅行所需的)is careful preparations.
2. It will soon be announced _______________________________(谁获得第一名). 3.______________________________________________________(杨利伟从太空中安
然着陆地球)made all Chinese exited and cheerful.
4. It is still unknown _________________________(他什么时候入党的). 5._________________________________________________(宇航员在太空中如何吃
饭、睡觉和行走)is very strange and interesting.
6.__________________________________________(地球与其它行星在哪方面不同)
is what are most interested in.
7. It remains a secret __________________________(他为什么突然变卦).
8.__________________________________________(何时战争才会从世上消失) is hard to say.
9. (最令人满意的是)______________________________was that they finished the work in time.
10.(怎样提高我们的学习成绩)______________________ is what we are most concerned about.
III.单项填空
1. Once fighting _________ between the two villages and many people were killed.
A. broke out B. was broken out C. had broken out D. had been broken out
2. The Olympics are to be held in Beijing in 2019||, ______ has become a great encouragement to all Chinese.
A. where B. that C. which D. that
3. The moment the cat heard the mice _______ noises||, it rushed out ________ the door.
A. make||, from B. making||, behind
C. make||, from behind D. making||, from behind
4. ---How far apart do they live?
---_________ I know||, they live in the same neighbourhood.
A. As long as B. As far as C. As well as D. As soon as
5. It was a matter of _____ would take the position.
A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever
6. Why not seize it _______ you’ve got such a good chance?
A. now that B. that C. where D. which
7. His parents were ______at the ______ news that he failed the exam again.
A. disappointed||, disappointing B. disappointed||, disappointed
C. disappointing||, disappointing D. disappointing||, disappointed
8. ____ he grew older||, he lost interest in everything except gardening.
A. When B. As C. While D. Until
9. The other day||, my brother drove his car down the street at _____ I thought was a dangerous speed. A. as B. which C. what D. that
10. The result of the experiment was very good||, _______ we hadn’t expected.
A. when B. what C. which D. as
11. _____ the books where they were ______.
A. Lay||, laying B. Lie||, lying C. Lay||, lying D. Lie||, laying
12. He ______ at once when I promised to help him.
A. cheered up B. gave up C. lighted up D. turned up
13. The audience clapped their hands _____ to the music.
A. in time B. on time C. at time D. behind time
14. There is a man _______ himself Mr Li waiting for you.
A. called B. calls C. calling D. call
15. He _____ his eyes from his desk and then ____ from his seat.
A. rose||, raised B. rose||, rose C. raised||, raised D. raised||, rose
第二部分:综合练习
I.完形填空
There was in Washington a policeman who was known as the man who arrested the president. The_1_ took place when the man was a green officer_2_ at No. 1 Street.
One evening||, President Grant ||, who had been invited to a party of friends||, was_3_ home to meet the engagement. The _4_ ||, with its four horses||, was running down the street so fast that the new policeman __5_ the driver to stop . The driver _6__ him and asked what was the _7__. Don’t you know you are driving about nine times as fast as the law _8_?” said the officer.
“Yes||,” answered the president. “ I suppose I was ||, _9_ you speak of it.”
“Well||, then||, you may _10_yourself under arrest and go with me to the station house.”
There were some marks from the other _11_of the carriage _12_ whom was a foreign minister||, but the president said||, “The man is _13_ right.” and asked the policeman to _14_himself behind him.
_15_ the policeman heard a soft voice||, “ I only thought you _16_ know that it’s President .” The officer was very _17_ and begged them to let him go||, _18_ the president would have none of it.
When they reached the station||, the captain turned _19_. Apologies were made||, but the president _20_on paying the proper fine.
1. A. accident B incident C. account D. affair
2. A stood B stationed C kept watch D defending
3 .A walking B wandering C running D hurrying
4. A. car B bus C carriage D train
5. A begged B hoped C ordered D suggested
6. A agreed B accepted C listened D obeyed
7.A matter B thing C affair D business
8. A lets B forbids C tells D allows
9. A though B unless C while D since
10. A decide B guess C consider D treat
11.A passengers B drivers C officers D policemen
12.A with B among C in D except
13.A. rather B hardly C rarely D perfectly
14.A to seat B to sit C to stand D to climb
15.A Fortunately B Happily C Suddenly D Carefully
16.A could B must C ought to D may
17 A excited B interested C moved D astonished
18.A therefore B but C and D otherwise
19.A. white B green C red D yellow
20.A demanded B asked C required D insisted
II.阅读理解
A
Damage to Ozone layer Gets Worse
In the middle of winter||, when snow is falling in many parts of the United States||, scientists have sounded a warning to people who plan to spend many hours in the sun this summer. The warning is: The sun’s summertime rays are more dangerous than once thought.
A team of scientists from 80 nations recently reported to the United Nations that a layer of ozone (臭氧层) in the atmosphere||, which protects humans from harmful levels of ultraviolet(紫外线) radiation||, will be thinner over the United States this summer. The thinner layer allows more ultraviolet rays from the sun to reach Earth. The extra amount of ultraviolet radiation could cause an increase in the number of cases of skin cancer.
Scientists first became concerned about the ozone layer in the mid-1980s when a hole was discovered in the layer above Antarctica during the winter. The hole was caused by chemicals used in refrigerators and air conditioners. When these chemicals are sent out into the atmosphere||, they produce gases that destroy the ozone.
Concern about the protective ozone layer rose more recently when data(数据) from satellites and ground stations showed that ozone levels were dropping over areas other than Antarctica. Low ozone levels were recorded in the spring and summer over the United States and over other populated areas in the world.
Although many countries have already begun stopping the use of ozone destroying chemicals||, the new findings are expected to advance the timetable for a total ban(禁止) of the chemicals.
1. The scientists have observed the ozone layer_____.
A. since 1980 B. since last winter
C for about 20 years D. for about one year
2. The ozone layer in the atmosphere can _____.
A. do a lot of good to human beings in many ways.
B. protect humans from diseases caused by bad weather.
C. do a lot of harm to human beings in the summer-time.
D. protect humans from harmful levels of ultraviolet radiation.
3. Scientists first found that there was a hole in the ozone layer_____.
A. above Arctic during the winter in the mid-1980s
B. above Antarctica during the winter in the mid-1980s
C. over somewhere in the north of the equator in 1980
D. over the U.S.A in the summertime in the mid-1980s
4. The damage to the ozone layer was caused by_____.
A. the changeable weather
B. ozone-destroying chemicals
C. chemicals from refrigerators
D. chemicals from air conditioners
B
Early in the morning of June 29||, 1991||, Carrie and Morgenstern were watching the field. Although they could see nothing through the thick fog||, they kept their camera running.
By 6 a.m. the fog began to lift. A remarkable pair of circles had been flattened. Stalks (主茎) were bent but not broken. Outside the circles the wheat was untouched. Muddy though the field was||, there were no footprints or other marks. The circles seemed to have come from nowhere. “ I can’t explain it at all ||,” Mike Carrier said to himself with his eyes wide open.
Carrier is not alone since the early 1980s||, more than 2019 circles have appeared in farmer’s fields. Most circles form at night between May and August.
Some believe the circles are caused by deer or some other animals. Others think of UFOs. “The circles are messages given by those who come from outer space||,” says Michael Green. “Perhaps they are trying to get in touch with us.”
Pat Delgado has done research on crop circles since 1981. He believes that they are caused by “ some form of earth energy.”
Most scientists think that there’s no scientific basis to back up Green’s or Delgado’s theories. Some of them say||, “ We think they’re nothing but hoax().”
In September 1991||, Doug Bower and Dave Chorley told newsmen that since 1979 they had made circles throughout southern England to fool people who believed in UFOs.
Since the early 1980s||, Dr. Terence Meaden has visited more than1000 circles. Now he thinks he may have the answer. He believes true crop circles are made by vortex(旋风) which can flatten the crop in circular patterns.
Now crop circles are still found in southern England each summer. Are they really the traces of UFOs?
5. On the morning of June 29||, 1991||, Carrier and Morgensern hoped to________.
A. record the important thing B. draw a conclusion
C. find a secret of nature D. see something funny
6. When he saw the crop circle||, Mike Carrie was________.
A. satisfied B. frightened C. surprised D interested
7. Most scientists consider that theories of Green and Delgado are_________.
A meaningful B. reasonable
C instructive D. against the laws of science
8. According to the article we may know that all the crop circles______.
A. are made by those who come from outer space
B. are nothing but hoaxes
C. are not hoaxes D can be explained by scientists
C
The journey to the moon had been the first step toward future exploration(探险) in space. The distance between the Moon and Earth is very short indeed when compared with the distances between Earth and the other planets. Mars||, the nearest planet to Earth is millions of miles away. Traveling to the planets will be man’s next aim. Such travels will be more challenging than the trip to the moon and certainly more adventurous.
Recently||, two American spaceships||, Vikings 1 and 2||, landed on Mars trying to discover whether that planet has any life on it. So far the signs of life on Mars has neither confirmed(确认) nor ruled out. Russians have discovered that the surface of Venus(金星) is so hot that it is almost certain that there is no life there. Also the atmosphere of Venus is extremely dense(稠) and the pressure is nearly a hundred times greater than that of the Earth’s atmosphere.
Scientists believe man may find planets which have the same conditions as those we have on Earth ||, but man should realize Earth will be his only home for a long time and begin to love and care for it.
9. According to the passage||, traveling to the planets will be ________.
A. much easier and even more interesting
B. far more exciting and dangerous
C. man’s final aim D. man’s first step
10. Which of the following is Not true?
A. Mars is nearer to the earth than the moon.
B. The moon is much nearer to the earth than Mars.
C. Of all the planets||, Mars is the nearest to the earth.
D. All the planets are much farther to the earth.
11. From the passage||, we can guess_____.
A. there is life on Mars B. there is no life on Mars
C. the atmosphere of Mars is not so dense as that of Venus
D. scientists will have little hope to find the answers
12. Man can live on under the conditions of _______.
A much too hot surface B. the same pressure as we get on earth
C. normal atmosphere as we have on earth D. both B and C
D
Unless we spend money to spot and prevent asteroids(小行星) now||, one might crash into Earth and destroy life as we know it ||, say some scientists.
Asteroids are bigger versions of the meteoroids(流星) that race across the night sky. Most orbit the sun far from Earth and don’t threaten us. But there are also thousands of asteroids whose orbits put them on a collision course with Earth.
Buy $ 50 million worth of new telescopes right now||, Then spend $ 10 million a year for the next 25 years to locate most of the space rocks. By the time we spot a fatal one||, the scientists say ||, we’ll have a way to change its course.
Some scientists favor pushing asteroids off course with nuclear weapons. But the cost wouldn’t be cheap.
Is it worth it? Two things experts consider when judging any risk are: 1) How likely the event is||; 2) How bad the consequences if the event occurs. Experts think an asteroid big enough to destroy lots of life might strike Earth once every 500 000 years. Sounds pretty rare-but if one did fall||, it would be the end of the world. “ If we don’t take care of these big asteroids||, they’ll take care of us||,” says one scientist. “ It’s that simple.”
The cure||, though ||, might be worse than the disease. Do we really want fleets of nuclear weapons sitting around on Earth? “The world has less to fear from doomsday(毁灭性的) rocks than from a great nuclear fleet set against them||,” said a New York Times article.
13. What does the passage say about asteroids and meteoroids? _________.
A. They are heavenly bodies different in composition
B. They are heavenly bodies similar in nature
C. These are more asteroids than meteoroids
D. Asteroids are more mysterious than meteoroids
14. What do scientists say about the collision of an asteroid with Earth? _______.
A It is unlikely but the danger exists
B. Such a collision might occur once every 25 years
C. Collision of smaller asteroids with Earth occur more often than expected
D. It’s still too early to say whether such a collision might occur
15. What do people think of the suggestion of using nuclear weapons to alter the course of asteroids? _______.
A. It sounds practical but it may not solve the problem
B. It may create more problems than it might solve
C. It is a waste of money because a collision of asteroids with Earth is very unlikely
D. Further research should be done before it is proved applicable
16. We can conclude from the passage that________.
A. while pushing asteroids off course nuclear weapons would destroy the world
B. asteroids racing across the night sky are likely to hit Earth in the near future
C. the worry about asteroids can be left to future generations since it is unlikely to happen in our lifetime
D. workable solutions still have to be found to prevent a collision of asteroids with Earth
III.单句改错
1. Measures should be taken to stop the river from being polluting.
2. The gardener explained us the development of a seed into a plant.
3. The audience exploded laughter while listening to the cross talk.
4. The strength of the explosion broke all the windows in the building.
5. A violence storm struck our town and caused serious damage yesterday.
6. The bird was lucky enough to escape from fired.
7. Having learnt the text||, we know many more about gravity.
8. Some animals produce their young from their bodies.
9. He seems that he has worked in sales for several years.
10. Languages have developed for a long period of time.
IV.句子翻译
1.当SARS爆发时||,突然的恐惧迅速地弥漫全国。(break out)
2. 只要更努力||,你终久会成功。(in time)
3.他们尽力使那些遭遇地震不幸的人们高兴起来。( cheer up)
4.我们应该想办法防止有害气体的蔓延。(prevent… from)
5.她发现河面上有奇怪的东西浮着||,这使她感到非常害怕。(float )
6.运动员没有听从教练员的指令||,结果使他打赢比赛的计划落空。(disappoint)
7.随后它会变成什么曾经是一个迷||, 直到最后这团尘埃开始慢慢地合成一个环绕太阳运转的球状物。(combine into )
8.在未来的千百万年中||, 生命能否在地球上延续将取决于这个问题能否得到解决。
9.有些奇怪的动物会生蛋||,但又给它的幼崽喂奶。(lay eggs)
10.当对他们有害的动物消失时||,哺乳动物便快速繁殖。(multiply)
必修4 Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars答案
第一部分:基础练习
I.词汇
1.选词填空
1. spread 2.disappointed 3. floated||, 4. published||, publishing 5.force
6. violently 7. solid 8. exploded 9. development 10. surface
2.词组识记
1. depend on 2. 把……当/看作
3. now that 4. 科学地研究这门学科
5. fall over 6. 生命的起源
7. explain sth to sb 8. 使生命有可能进化
9. with time passing by/going by /as time went / passed by 10. 阻止某人做某事
11. look forward to 12. 地球唯一的自然卫星
13. lead to / result in 14. 慢慢升空
15. hold one’s breath 16. 做笔记
17. make a trip to space 18. 对……知之甚多
19. break out 20. 找到了它的窍门
II.语法
a. 1.what||, that 2. Whoever 3.that 4. How||, what 5.That
6.which 7.Whichever 8.Why 9.Where /How 10.Who
b. 1.What is needed for the space trip
2.who will come out first / take / get the first place
3. That Yang Liwei landed on the earth safe from space
4. when he joined the Party
5. How astronauts eat||, sleep and walk in space
6.Where the earth is different from / differs from other planets
7. Why he suddenly changed his mind
8. When war will disappear from the world
9. What satisfied us most / What made us most satisfied / What was most satisfying
10. How we can improve our studies
III.单项填空
ACDBA AABCC CAACD
第二部分:综合练习
I.完形填空
BBDCC DADDD ABDAC CDBCD
II.阅读理解
CDBB ACDC BACD BABD
III.单句改错
1. polluting → polluted 2. explained us → explained to us
3. exploded laughter → exploded into laughter 4. strength → force
5.violence → violent 6. from fired → from being fired
7. many → much 8. from their bodies → from within their bodies
9. He → It 10. for → over
IV.句子翻译
1. When SARS broke out||, a sudden fear spread out quickly all over the country.
2. Try harder||, and you can succeed in time.
3. They tried their best to cheer up those unfortunate people suffering from the earthquake.
4. We should find some ways to prevent the harmful gas from spreading.
5. She found something unusual floating on the surface of the river||, which quite frightened her.
6. The players didn't follow the director's instructions and disappointed his plan to win the game/ which disappointed his plan to win the game.
7. What it was to become was a mystery until the dust began to slowly combine into a ball moving around the sun.
8. Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.
9. Some strange animals lay eggs but feed their young on their milk.
10. The mammals multiplied fast when the animals||, harmful to them||, disappeared.