医学专升本试题

一、英语：(30%)

1．He does not ____ as a teacher of English as his pronunciation is terrible. C. qualify

2．There are many things waiting for me to deal with. _, I must go back on Monday. C. At any rate 3．As a receptionist, my job ______ answering phone calls and offering general information about the company.B. consists of

4．In these remote villages, women are ____the opportunity of having a career. B. denied

5．She is _____to whomever his husband keeps in touch with. C. sensitive

6．I still believe children should be disciplined when the need ___.B. arises

7．All those old houses in Church Street are being pulled ___. D. down

8．The central heating doesn’t seem to be ______ properly.D. working

9．Johnny’s parents always let him have hi s own ___.C. way

10．He ____ before I had time to tell him my name.A. rang off

11．The reason for their success is ____ they treat their employees and ____ they treat their customers.B. the way…the way

12．The seller gave me a thirty percent __ on the shi rt. Don’t you think it’s a good bargain A. discount 13．There are many things waiting for me to deal with. __, I must go back on Monday. C. At any rate 14．The shop assistant was dismissed as she was ______of cheating customers. A. accused

15．_____ it may ha ppens, don’t be surprised. D. Wherever

16．_______ a little earlier this morning! I missed the school bus by only a minute and had to wait in the cold for nearly an hour!C. If only I had got up

17．They used to be friends but now they’ve ____.D. divided

18．He has a little money set ___ and intends to take a holiday. C. Aside

19．__ you have made the same mistake, what you will do to make up for it? D. Assuming that 20．The millions of calculations involved, _________ by hand, would have lost all practical value by the time they were finished. A. had they been done

1.You should have to put the milk into the ice box, I expect it ___ undrinkable. C. has become

2._____ for a long time, the fields are all dried up.C. There having been no rain

3.Leaves are found on all kinds of trees, but they differ greatly ______ size and shape. D. In

4.Televisions enable us to see things happen almost at the exact moment__. B. they are happening

5. It wasn’t the dinner. It was __ people talked about at the dinner that disgust ed him.A. what

6. Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water ___ they are not managed carefully. D. If

7. Military expenditures ____ more than 40 percent of that country’ s national revenues.B. devour

8. As a receptionist, my job __ answering phone calls and offering general information about the company. D. consists of

9. America will never again have as a nation the spirit of adventure as it ____ before the West was settled. B. did

10. With the help of high technology, more and more new substance s_____in the past years. D.

have been discovered11. —Guess what! I have got “A”for my term paper.

— Great! You read widely and put a lot of work into it.C. must have

12. My morning ____ includes jogging in the park and reading newspapers over break D. routine

13. Every time she goes shopping, she buys everything ____. C. at sight

14．Even ______ what she said about his personal life is true, it is irrelevant to his qualifications as a software engineer.B. assuming

15.I'm sure your suggestion will ______ the problem. A. contribute to solving

16. It is ______ work of art that everyone wants to have a look at it.C. such an unusual

17. Having lived under the same shelter for more than thirty years, his tastes and habits ____

completely with those of his wife. D. coincide

18.researchers think the new policy_ greatly to the economic growth of the country. B. contributes

19.A deadlock was reached in the discussion, as neither side would ___ to the other.B. give way

20.If the situation proves unfavorable, we have always the other _ to fall back upon. A. alternative 1．Brian cheated in the last math exam, so he thought he could______ it again this time, but he was wrong.B. get away with

2. -— 1 cannot get my car ______ on cold mornings.

-— Have you tried ______ the radiator with hot water?B. started ... filling

3．His speech was so welcome that it was constantly ____ by applause.C. interrupted

4．Unable to speak a word of the language, he ____ with his hands.C. communicates

5．I never expected that he would ____ the trust I placed in him. A. abuse

6．People make mistakes __ . For example, they thought that the earth was flat___A. at times…at one time .

7．Though this house is very old and may not be worth much, it is ______ great emotional value to my father who spent all his childhood days here.B. of

8．At the time the police caught him, he was driving in __ of 120 miles per hour.D. excess 9．What ____ me is that he won’t even listen to other people’s suggestions.A. annoys

10．If yo u don’t hear _____, I’ll visit you on Tuesday. D. to the contrary

11．I don’t appreciate _____ throws his weight around. A. whoever

12．With the help of high technology, more and more new substance s_____in the past years.D. have been discovered

13．The reason for their success is ____ they treat their employees and ____ they treat their customers.

B. the way…the way

14．___ you have made the same mistake, what you will do to make up for it? B. In that

15．I prefer being a bachelor. I don’t care ______ what people think.C. of

16．Evidence came up _________ specific sounds are recognized by babies as young as six months old. B. that

17．_______ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader. B. What

18．After the old woman’s death, the ___ memb ers of her family divide up her possessions. A. surviving

19．Having lived under the same shelter for more than thirty years, his tastes and habits ____ completely with those of his wife. D. coincide

20．Hearing the news the athlete ________ a hope of winning an Olympic gold medal. A. inspires1．As a cleaning woman, her __duties include cleaning the desks and mopping the floor.B. routine 2．The seller gave me a thirty percent ___ on the shirt. Don’t you think it’s a good bargain A. discount 3．I am sorry I am not in a position to answer this question. Ask the man sitting by the window.

He is ______ here.A. in charge

4．But for her mother’s sudden illness, she would never think of breaking this ___ with you.C. appointment

5．Despite a very tight schedule, everyone who came to the meeting agreed that at least one day should be ______ for sightseeing.A. set apart

6．Big industries and environmental protection groups naturally have ____ interests.A. Conflicting 7．_______ a little earlier this morning! I missed the school bus by only a minute and had to wait in the cold for nearly an hour!C. If only I had got up

8．It is against the_____ not to wear seat belts in a car.C. law

9．I have just _____ an account with the Great Eastern Bank.D registered

10．I don’t think those curtains______ very well with the wallpaper. B. go

11．That was the very day ____ I first saw him.B. on which

12．It is ______ work of art that everyone wants to have a look at it.C. such an unusual

13．Not only ________ a bike, but ________ it.B. can he ride; he can repair

14．___ a great extent they are separated from the pressure of industrial society. B. To

15．Alan is a careful driver, but he drives ______ of my friends.D. the least carefully

16．The little boy came riding full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. ______ it was!A. What a dangerous scene

17．Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water ____ they are not managed carefully.D. if 18．At minus 1300oC, a living cell can be ______ for a thousand years.C. preserved

19．Some researchers think the new policy ______ greatly to the economic growth of the country. B.

contributes

20．It wasn’t the dinner. It was _____ people talked about at the dinner that disgusted him.A. What

1．It would be better to make a decision now, rather than leave it until next week.

2．We'll inform you as soon as tickets become available

3．Hardly had he begun his talk when Mary ran out of the lecture hall.

4．The two sisters are alike in many ways, not only in appearance but also in temperament. 5．We hope that all the measures against sandstorms, as was put forward by the committee, will be considered seriously at the meeting .

6．We cannot leave this tough job to a person in whom nobody has confidence

7．There is a deadlock (僵局) in the discussion when neither side gives way to the over . 8．This type of desk and chair can be adjusted to the height of students at different ages.

9．I don't believe we've met before, although I must say you do look familiar.

10．The result is not very important to us, but if we do win, then so much the better.

11．Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but neither of them wants to, because they have work to do.

12．Film has a much shorter history, especially when compared to such art forms as music and painting.

13．The volleyball match was televised live on CCTV.14．The newspaper will have to close down if it cannot increase its circulation considerable. 15．Mrs. Weinstein bravely and persistently used every skill and power she had to convince her attacker to simply take her car and not her life.

16．Let's set aside personal feelings in making judgment.

17．In studio recordings, new techniques made possible effects that not even an electronic band could produce live .

18．It is essential that everything be decided in advance.

19．Not until recently did I realize that Thompson had been telling the truth all along.

20．I don’t need any help at the moment, but I A. appreciate your offer.

1．The foreign company has been__ running this factory for decades. B. effectively

2．If you _ my advice, you wouldn't be in such trouble now. D. had taken

3．The purpose of the program is to provide training for employees so that they can work B. later_. 4．I hope my boy friend will be handsome, strong and _ kind.A. above all

5．You are the best for the job _ you apply your mind to it.B. if only

6．Hey,leave __!I hate people touching my hair. C. off

7．- Which one of these do you want?

-_______Either will do.A. I don't mind

8．Sarah looked at finished painting with satisfaction.C. the; /

9．Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can almost every word her teacher says.B. put down

10．The party will be held in the garden, weather .A. permitting

11．I had been working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbers before my eyes.C. swam 12．You have to move out of the way the truck cannot get past you B. or

13．The central theatre has a seating _ _ of more than 3,000 people.B. capacity

14．It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.B. whatever

15．A good worker in a key spot could, he kept up production, take all the coffee breaks he wanted, and the bosses would very likely look the other way.A. as long as

16．the bosses cannot do without profit, workers have an edge.C. Since

17．Students should __ their own interests as well as do their schoolwork.B .pursue

18．I'd like to remind you that there is no __ on the part of suspects to answer questions.A. obligation 19．The sad condition of women working as house servants around the world received much media __early this year.B. Attention

20．She has no hostility to us, ___ can be judged from her eyes.D. as

1．All theories __ from practice and in turn serve practice．D．originate

2．There is little __ increasing your reading speed if you do not understand what you are reading．B．use

3．Jenny complained that the hospital _ her too much for the treatment.D. charged

4．Having decided to rent a flat, we _ contacting housing agencies in the city.A. set about

5．His intelligence will him to get a scholarship to college.A. enable

6．The professor asked a question, and David a good answer.C．came up with

7．The students are required to the main ideas of the article in their own words.D. Summarize 8．The outline of rooftops and chimneys against the pale sky.D．stood out

9．It took a few seconds for her eyes to___to the darkness.D. adjust

10．To write up his novel，John is looking for an environment free___outside distraction. C. from11．We __ go out to restaurants, but mostly we eat at home.A. occasionally

12．This is the first time that a woman has been _ to the post.D. appointed

13．When you ___ know Bob better, you will like him. D. get to

14．I’ve got the order from the boss that the work __ finished before 5p.m.today.B. be

15．Good parents have the ability to communicate messages of love, trust, and self-worth __their children C. with

16．The teacher required that all errors should be ___eliminated before the students turn in their term paper.B. eliminated

17．Sam has been appointed __manager of the engineering department to take __ pLace of George. D.

/, the

18．-____you interrupt now? Can’t you see I’m on the phone?

-Sorry Sir, but it’s urgent. C. Must

19．—Excuse me. How much is the shirt?

— _B. 50 each _.

20．Before you quit your job, __how your family would feel about your decision.A. consider 10.— Could I have a word with you, mum? — Oh dear, if you ___.B.must

19.—Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the British Museum?—Sorry, I’m a stranger here..—___

A.Thanks, anyway

13.—environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem (生态系统) to recover.D.Once 02.—Guess what! I came across …… —I’m sure you had a wonderful time.C.How nice! 07.— He got his first …… to be a bestseller.—When was __?—__was in 2000 when he was still in college. D.that；It.

12.— If you like I can do some shopping for you. —That’s a very kind __.A. offer

15.— It took me ten years to build up my business, …….—Well, you know what they say.___.D.No

pains, no gains

04.—I didn’t hear you clearly. It’s too noisy here. —I was saying that the party was great.C.Sorry?

06.—Mum, I’ve been studying English since 8 o’clock. I go out and play with Tom for a while?

—No, I’m afraid not. Besides, it’s raining outside now.A.Can’t

13.—Tony said he could fix my bicycle, but …….—___.He’s very good at this sort of thing.A.Don’t worry

12.— What should I do first? — The instructions _ _ that you should mix …….D.say

09.―You know who came yesterday?―Yao Ming? We had a basketball match.― He came and watched the game.A.You guessed it!

18.— You should apologize to her, Barry.—__, but it’s not going to be easy.A.I suppose so

01.A cook will be immediately fired if he is found in the kitchen.B.smoking

02.Allen had to call a taxi because the box was to carry all the way home.A.much too heavy 09.Although the wind has , the rain remains steady. So you still need a raincoat. C.died down 08.AIDS is said the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past

few years.D.to have been

08.As I grew up in a small town ……, the visit to the village …… C.called up

09.A good story does not ……, but the reader must not be left .A.unsatisfied

17.Bill was doing a lot of physical exercises to build up his . C.strength

08.By the time Jane gets home , her aunt for London to attend a meeting.C.will have left 16.Christmas is ___special holiday when___ whole family are supposed …….D.a；the

20.Chan’s restaurant on Baker Street,___used to be poorly run, is now a successful business.B.which 12.Don’t respond to any e-mails personal information, no matter how official they

look.C.requesting

10.Don’t worry if you can’t come to _party.- I’ll save __cake for you.A.the; some

18.Emergency line operators must always calm and make sure that they get ……to send help.D.stay 05.Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and it is rough or smooth.B.whether 11.Finding information in today’s world is easy. The is how you can …… you get is useful or

not.C.challenge

17.Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a___ of exercise.B.lack 01.Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, __, of course, made the others

envy him。D.which

06.I have been more than six years old when the accident happened.B.couldn’t02.I don’t know whether y ou happen , but I’m going to study in the U.S.A. this September.D.to

have heard

04.I got the story from Tom and ___ people who had worked with him.C.some other

03.I have done much of the work. Could you please finish in two days? A.the rest

05.I hear___ boys in your school like …… spare time, though others prefer basketball.B.quite a

few

15.I keep medicines on the top shelf, out of the children’s ___.A.reach

11.I’m certain Dave has told you his business troubles. , it’s no secret ……to the

bank.B.Anyway

14.I wish you’d do __ talking and some more work. Thus things will become better.A.a bit less 06.If it is quite to you . I will visit you next Tuesday.A.convenient

12.If we can our present difficulties, then everything should be all right.B.get over

14.If you can’t decide which of the ……, why don’t you take ___? I won’t read them this week.D.both 20.It ___ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks ___ I found we had a lot in common.D.wasn’t until； that

05.It is easy to do the repair.___ you need is a hammer and some nails. B.All

11.It is said that the early European playing-cards ___ for entertainment and education.D.were designed

16.It is said in the book that Thomas Edison (1847-1931) the world leading inventor for sixty

years.D.was

02.It was evening __we reached the little town of Winchester.D.before

03.It’s already 10 o’clock. I wonder how it that she was two hours late on such a short

trip.C.came about

01.John Smith, a successful businessman, has a car.B.large white German

03.John was late for the business meeting because his flight had been by a heavy storm.D.delayed 13.Letterboxes are much more ___ in the UK than in the US, where most people have a mailbox

instead.A.common

04.Maybe you have been to …… but nowhere else such a beautiful palace.A.can you find

20.Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice,___they knew it to be valuable.C.even though 03.Mr. Smith used to smoke ___ but he has given it up.B.heavily

13.My most famous relative of all, ___ who really ……, my grea t-grandfather.B.the one

07.One of the best ways for people to keep fit is to healthy eating habits.B.develop

14.Of the seven days in the a week, Saturday is said to be the most popular ___ for a wedding in

some countries. D.choice

17.People have always been curious ___ how living things on the earth exactly began.D.about 16.People try to avoid public ……their own cars, and this creates further problems.D.in turn 19.Professor James will give us ……, but when and where ___ yet.A.hasn’t been decided

18.Progress so far has been very good. n___, we are sure that the project will be completed on

time.C.Therefore

15.School children must be taught how to deal with dangerous____C.situations

15.She devoted herself to her research and it earned her a good reputation in her field.C.entirely 17.Surely it doesn’t matter where ……get their money from;what is what they do with it.A.counts 05.The on his face told me that he was angry.D.expression

10.The Beatles, many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.D.as

07.The building around the corner……. The police are now the matter.C.looking into

16.The father as well as his three children ___ skating ……afternoon in winter.C.goes

07.The final examination is coming up soon. It’s time for us to our studies.A.get down to 01.The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once with each other.C.have they

quarreled

20.The open-air celebration has been put off ___ the bad weather.D.because of

19.This magazine is very with young people, who like its content and style.B.popular

10.This machine ___. It hasn’t worked for years.C.doesn’t work

04.When ___ different cultures, we often pay …… without noticing the many similarities.C.comparing 08.We’re going to the bookstore in John’s car. You can come with us you can meet us there

later.A.or

11.We’re trying ……, but we think we ___ your number incorrectly.B.took down

09.We always keep ___ spare paper, in case we ran out.C.plenty of

19.We firmly believe that war never settles anything. It only ___violence.C.leads to

18.We had to wait half an hour __we had already booked a table.B.although

14.We haven’t settled the question of ___ it is necessary for him to study abroad.C.whether

II．Cloze

Basketball is the only major sport that is 100 percent American in origin. It was __21_A. invented_ in 11 by Naismith , a PE teacher in a high school 22B. in 2 Springfield , Massachusetts. As New England winter is extremely cold, he could not find any game __23_C. suitable _ for his students. One day, an idea occurred to him. Why not have the students pass and shoot a big orange

ball through a basket indoors? Gradually the play spread throughout the United States, and later to the rest of the __24_C. world _. At first , a soccer ball was used in the game ; the ball used today came a little later .

Basketball was first included in the 1936 Olympic Games in Berlin, and in 1949 the National Basketball Association (NBA) was formed. Thereafter, the game gradually became popular. Today, it is regularly rated as the favorite __25_B. sport _ of Americans. It is played everywhere from playgrounds to driveways by ordinary people.

For over a hundred years Japan has consistently spent large sums of money and considerable human resources in an effort to obtain technology. Her ability to negotiate has been strengthened by the fact most of the technology she wanted was no commercial secrets. Japan’s __21 A. position has also been strengthened by the fact that her internal market was large, so that access to this market could be offered to multinational companies as an attraction to them to grant licenses. Besides, Japan’s work force was disciplined, so it was capable __22_D. of_applying the information it acquired. Finally, American and European companies, who were __23_A. potential_ licensers, felt that the Japanese companies might take a large share of the world market if they were not limited by licensing agreement.

In fact, Japan may be finding this method of operation 24_ C. less_ effective than in the past, as her needs for outside technology now require information which _25B. belongs to__ only a few companies and is more closely held.

However carefu l one may be, he cannot possibly listen carefully to everything that he hears. There are 21B. a number of reasons for this. One of them is the overload of messages most of

us 22 C. receive each day. In addition to the numerous hours we spend hearing other people speak, we may spend several hours listening to the radio or sitting in front of a television set. 23 A. Besides, it is impossible to focus our attention completely on what is said; our mind might be wandering elsewhere. Preoccupation with our personal concerns is 24 D. another reason we don't always listen carefully. A romance gone sour or a good grade on a test may take prominence in our mind even

as 25C. someone is speaking to us. Furthermore, we are surrounded by all kinds of noises which interfere with listening.

In comparing the study of geography to travel, we should also note the importance of maps. Like the vacationing motorist, geographers feel much more 21_B. comfortable_ with a good map. Maps are among the most important tools of the geographer’s trade. The ability to read and use maps is a 22C. basic skill, one that you will need for driving, reading the newspaper, and doing many jobs.

To the study of geography_23B. will_ help you to improve your map reading skill. But that is only the beginning. The real value of geography is that it will give you a special way marked of 24D. looking_ at the world.

A geographical outlook can help you understand _25D. yourself_, your neighbors, and your world. It can make you sensitive to your environment and excited enough to really care. That is People with knowledge and concern can make our world a better place to live in.It was the district sports meet. My foot still hadn’t healed(痊愈)from a(n) 21.C.earlier injury.

I had …… farther behind.

“Hooray!” shouted the crowd. It was the loudes t_A.cheer I had ever heard at a meet. The first-place runner was two laps（圈）……

“Maybe I should drop out, I thought……even if my foot did heal.

When I finished, I heard a cheer-- D.louder than the one I’d ……“They must be cheering for the boys.”

I was leavin g when several girls came up to me. “Wow, you’ve got courage!” one of them told me.

“Courage? I just lost a race!” I thought.

“I would have given up on the first lap,” said another girl. “We were cheering for you. Did you hear us?”Suddenly I regained B.hope . I decided to stick ……but in the struggles we overcome(战胜). The strongest people are not always the people who win, D. but the people who don’t give up when they lose.

It was a bright spring afternoon when Fieda…… cleaning the floor and washing the dished. She was C.wearing jeans and a sweater. Sitting at the table I had just……I felt sorry for her. but I also felt a sense of D.loss

I had been cleaning Freda’s house for five years and had B.developed n unexpected ……

Freda stayed at home with the kids, so I would often see her in the morning A.taking Them

to school. And I’d be ……As a matter of fact, I’m D.merely an employee……around me.

I know I should have told the headmaster at the time. That was my real fault.

He had …… of Biographies (人物传记)”.

An honest boy …… was kept a D.secret until the start of the exam……

When the headmaster returned, I was looking out of the window.

I should have told him ……You’ll have to change it.”

The chance passed and I did not take it. …… but it was still cheating anyhow.

That was thirty-eight years ago …… nor have I tried to explain to myself why not.

The obvious explanation is that I could not admit I had seen the title D.Without admitting …… can trap (使陷入) you in a more serious moral corner (道德困境).

Lang Lang is a world-class ……“But if you don’t work hard, no fortune will come.”

What made him sad was D.that his piano teacher…… Wisely his father did not push, but waited.

Luckily, the day came ……That day he told his father B.what he had been waiting ……around.

He started winning competitions. In the 1994 ……After his C.successful performance at Chicago’s Ravinia Festival, gigs（特邀演出）in Lincoln…… spots

(发现) him, and lets him shine.

The amount of usable water has always been of great…… particularly in the A.dry areas like the desert. The control is possible ……, gun fights were not uncommon for the water resources (资源). And laws had to be…… accordingly.

As is known to us all, there is not B.enough water in all places …… in any particular period .requires careful planning , so that people can manage and use water more A.effectively. Farmers have to change their use …… to the water supply forecast.

The correct water supply …… in which the mountain snow can be B.made use of, and with the help of a repeater station , they send the gathered data (数据) to the base station . The operator at the base station can get the data at any time by C. pressing a button. In the near future, ……, not of water underground .

Scientists have studied the reactions of men to one another during long submarine voyages. They have found that the longer the voyage lasts, the more serious the problem of __21C. adjustment is.When men are shut up together for a long period, they begin to feel uneasy. Everyone has little of speaking and behaving that are ordinarily acceptable. In the limited space over a long period of time, however, these little habits may become very __22_B. annoying _.

Apparently, although no one wants to be __23_B. alone _ all the time, everyone needs some degree of privacy. When people are enclosed together, they are in what is called a stress situation. That means that they are under an unusual amount of pressure or stress.

People who are well-adjusted are able to__24_A. handle _ stress situations better than others. That is one reason why so much care is taken in __25_B. choosing our astronauts. These men undergo a long period of testing and training. One of the things tested is their behavior under stress.

When I was a child, I lived with my mother, my father having been away to work in the town. Iwas then not yet nine years old, lonely and expectant, 21 B. longing ___for things which I knew little about. I walked out alone one morning along the mountain tops22 D. on which my home stood. The sun had not yet risen, and the air 23 C.smelt rain of the night and the mountain grass was heavy with tiny drops of water. As I looked back, I could see the marks my feet had made on the long grassy slope behind me. I walked till I came to a place24 A. where a little stream ran into the deep valley below. Here it passed between soft, earthen banks; at one place a large slice of earth had fallen away from the bank on the other side, and it had made a little island a few feet wide with water25C.Blowing all round it. It was covered with a weed with yellow flowers and long waving grasses.

When I first entered university, my aunt, who is an English professor, gave me a new English dictionary. I was surprised to see that it was an English-English dictionary, also known as a monolingual dictionary. _21B．Although __it was a dictionary intended for non-native learners, none of my classmates had one but, to be honest, I found it extremely __22 D．difficult _ to use at first.

I would look up words in the dictionary and still not fully understand the meaning, I was used to the familiar bilingual dictionaries, in which the words are _23A．explained__ both in English and Chinese, I really wondered why my aunt __24_C．decided to make things so difficult for me. Now, after studying English at university for three years, I understand that monolingual dictionaries are better in learning a foreign language

As I found out, there is in fact often NO perfect equivalence(对应)between two words in two language. My aunt even goes so far as to declare that a Chinese “equivalent” can never give you the exact meaning of a word in English! __25 C．Therefore , she insisted that I read the definition of a world in a monolingual dictionary when I wanted to get a better understanding of its meaning. Gradually, I have come to see what she meant.

III．Reading Comprehension

Passage1

Good afternoon, and welcome to England…… I would like to draw your attention to a few of our laws.

The first one is about drinking. Now, you may …… 18 years of age, nor may your friends buy it for you.

Secondly, noise. Enjoy yourselves …… We ask you to respect other people who may wish to be quiet.

Thirdly crossing the road. Be careful. …… when crossing the road.

My next point is about litter …… or put it in a litter bin.

Finally, as regards smoking, it is against the law to buy cigarettes or tobacco if you are under 16 years of age.

I’d like to finish …….who will be pleased to help you.Now, are there any questions?

26.The main purpose of this speech would be to___.C.give advice to travelers to the country

27.In paragraph 4, “take any chances” means ? D.take a risk

28.From the speech we learn that___B.You may not buy cigarettes or tobacco unless you are above 16 years of age.

29.The underlined word contact in the seventh paragraph means___.B.get in touch with

30.Who do you think is most likely to make the speech? A.policeman

Passage2：

In 1933 an unknown American called Clarence Nash……he said “Stop! That’s our duck!”

The duck was the now-famous Donald Duck,……he was lazy and greedy(贪婪的), and because he lost his temper(发脾气) very quickly . And they loved his voice when he became angry with Mickey’s eight nephews(侄子). Soon Donald was more ……a goody-goody like Mickey.

In the 1930s,……Then in 1966 Donald Duck and his voice disappeared---there were no more new cartoons.

Clarence Nash died in February, 1985……. and hear that famous voice.

26.Who made Donald Duck film? C.Walt Disney

27.In 1966 Donald Duck disappeared, because B.There were no more new cartoon films about the lazyand greedy duck.

28.The underlined word “audience” in the second paragraph means D.the people who watch a film at

a cinema

Passage3：

I’m a Chinese student studying in Canada. I have been a boarder with the Carsons for more than a year and a half.

The Carsons live in their own house, which has four bedrooms including the one in the basement(地下室) ……. When they go out in they evening, they often ask me to look after their children. Judy’s parents, Mr. and Mrs.……they doted on Judy’s children. They often sent the children presents.

Last April Mr. Morris died…….of perhaps they will both change their minds.”

That was six months ago.……and I’m still living in the basement room.

29.What is the relationship between the speaker and the Carsons? D.He is a student who pays to……at the Carsons’ house.

30.In paragraph 4,“they doted on Judy’s children”means ? B.they spoiled Judy’s children Passage 4：

In 1909 an English newspaper offered ￡ 1,000……Both were very colorful.

One was Louis Bleriot. He owned a factory in France that…… He also had many good ideas about aero plane design.

The other man was Hubert Latham.……“Have you anything to declare?” The officer demanded.

26.The story took place A.in the early 20th century .

27.The flight for Bleriot was B.a dangerous one

28.Why did Hubert Latham want to fly across the Channel?C.He knew he only had a year to live.

29.Which of the following is NOT true?A.Latham became a pilot on the doctor’s advice.

30.“Do you have anything to declare?” means D.“Have you brought anyt hing on which custom duties must be paid?”

Passage5:

Music which is original is individual and personal. That is to say, it can be identified as belonging to a particular composer. It has particular qualities, or a style, which are not copied from another. If you can recognize the style of a composer, you will probably be able to tell that a certain composition belongs to him or her even though you have never heard it before. A basket-maker has the skill of weaving and interweaving his materials to create colorful patterns, and an expert carpenter（木匠）has the skill of joining together different shapes and sizes of wood to make a beautiful piece of furniture. These skills may be referred to as “workmanship”（技艺）.

Similarly, in music a composer organizes his melodies（旋律）and rhythms and combines sounds to create harmony. A composer may be capable of thinking up very good, original tunes, yet if tunes are poorly organized, that is, if the workmanship is poor, the final result will not be to standard.

Good music expresses feelings in a way that is suitable to those feelings. There maybe joy, sorrow, fear, love, anger, or whatever. Bad music, on the other hand, may confuse unrelated feelings, it may not express any important feeling at all, or it may exaggerate some feelings and make them vulgar, that is, cheap and ugly.

Good music will stand the test of time. It will not go out of fashion but will continue to be enjoyed and respected long after it is first introduced. It will gain a kind of permanent status while bad music will disappear and be forgotten quickly. In pop music, where the general rule seems to be “the newer the better”, the test of time is the hardest test of all to pass.26. A piece of original music __A. has a personal style ______.

27. We can see good workmanship in __C. a piece of music with its melodies and rhythms organized in harmony

28. A piece of music can be said to be good if _D. it expresses a certain feeling in a proper way

29.According to the last paragraph, “the test of time is the hardest of all to pass” suggests that _B. it is most difficult for music to gain a kind of permanent status_

30. This passage is concerned with _C. how to judge music _

Passage 6：

Many of today's most trusted sales techniques were invented over a century ago by a young merchant named Eaton in Toronto.

26. The best description of Eaton is that _C. he introduced new sales practices _____.

27. Eaton's success lay primarily in that _D. he won respect from his customers

28. "Goods satisfactory, or money refunded." in paragraph 1 means A. If a customer was dissatisfied with his good, he could get his money back.

29. Eaton's List was important to people on farms because it was a convenient way of getting _A. good-quality goods at reasonable prices____.

30. The best title for this passage is _B. Eaton, a Sales Inventor_.

Passage7：

One day, the principal came into our room and, after talking to the teacher, for some reason said: “I wish all of the white scholars to stand for a moment.” I rose with the others.

26. We can infer from the passage that “a nigger ” means_B. a black person

_______.

27. When the teacher asked him to sit down and rise with the others, the author was confused because_A_ he never considered himself a non-white person

28. The unlined word “defects” in the second paragraph means B. imperfection.

29. It was on that day that he began to realize that _D_he differed from other white people even with his beauty

30. From the passage we can learn that _C_the boy never met his father before

Passage 8：

To be “historically-minded” is to see things in relation and in perspective, and to judge tolerantly. We must remember how differently men have thought and acted in different times. We must always keep an open mind, ready to receive and weigh new evidence. If we grasp this idea, we will never think that a historian（历史学家）is someone who can remember dates. That childish idea is like calling a man a statesman（政治家）because he can remember the names of voters in his district. A waiter could remember more names and a telephone operator more numbers than the greatest historian.

The true historian is not content to take all his facts from other historians. Today he makes sure that his statements are based on sound “documents” or “sources” which go back to the time of the facts themselves. But the historian needs always to be in his guard not to be misled by his sources. Adocument may not be a real one. Its author may be lying on purpose for some reason. He may be so greatly influenced by national, religious, party, or personal backgrounds as to be totally unfair to the other side. If honest, he may be misinformed as to the facts and mistaken in his inferences.

Anyone who reads the accounts published in the different countries concerning the causes and results of wars will realize that the historian needs caution and training in handling these sources. The trained historian asks first:“Did this writer mean to tell the truth?” and second: “Was he in a position or frame of mind to tell the truth even if he wants to?” Every statement must be patiently weighed and tested and combined with all other available information in order to get at the truth. 26. A “historically-minded” researcher _____A. always keeps an open mind to history

27.According to the passage,“in perspective”means:C. to see things based on sound “documents” or “sources”.

28.The true historian should base his statements on __D. sound historical materials______. 29.Which of the following is the topic of Paragraph 3? C. Historians should be careful about their sources.

30.It is emphasized in the last paragraph that __B. the historian needs caution and training in dealing with his sources__.

Passage 9：

The people at La Gomera can carry on long distance conversations by whistling. For ordinary conversation they spoke Spanish. But when they need to speak over a distance, and ordinary speech is impossible, they use silbo, which is the name of whistled form of speech.

La Gomera is very mountainous. In spite of the island’s small size, walking from one place to another may be a slow and difficult job. That is why the silbo is so useful to the islanders there. A message can easily be whistled over a couple of miles, while to travel that same distance on foot might take an hour.

A good whistler can be heard and understood five miles away. His whistling can be heard even farther away when there is little or no wind. I was informed that the record is about nine miles. Anyone who has heard a first-class whistler will agree that this figure is quire possible.

A whistle does not have all changes of tone. To achieve change, the whistler tries to perform the same movements with his teeth, mouth, tongue and throat that he would use if he were actually talking. Of course he can not move his lips during the whisling, so there is some difference.

However, it is close enough. Each whistler has his own style of whistling, just as he has his own way of speaking. You can recognize him by his whisling just as you would recognize him by the way he spoke. Anything that can be said in Spanish can be whistled and understood perfectly. This is true partly because the Spanish language has such a simple sound system. The silbo would not work nearly so well as English.

26．According to the passage ,we know ____B. La Gomera is an island

26．From the passage we know silbo is _C. a whistle language used at La Gomera

27．Why do the islanders there like to use silbo? Because __A. they can have long-distance conversations by whistling__

28. The best whistler can communicate with others __D. 9 miles away____.

29. The passage suggests that a whistle carries __C. farther than a shout and it is easier to understand

30. The writer of the passage obviously thinks __B. the English sound system is not simple

Passage 10：

The threat of a global outbreak (大爆发) of bird flu(禽流感) makes it urgent for the international community to cooperate effectively.

26. Faced with the threat of a global outbreak of bird flu, the international community should __B. work together effectively

27. The underlined word “inadequately” in paragraph 1 means B. not enough.

28. The second paragraph focuses on __ D. possible effects of a bird flu outbreak

29. In the third paragraph, the author is mainly interested in _C. saving human lives _.

30. The passage deals with all the following aspects bird flu EXCEPT _A. the origin and history of bird flu

Passage 11：

The long summer holidays are finally over and some parents are pleased. "We worry more about their safety in the holidays," explains one mother from North London.

26. Some parents are upset about the summer holidays mainly because their children _D. are taken little care of by teachers

27. Most significantly, mobile phones __C. make parents feel less worried

28. Teenagers should never give any strangers __C. their personal information ____.

29. The underlined word “questionable” in paragraph 2 means D. dubious.

30. This passage is mainly about __B. safety for teenagers in summer holidays

Passage 12：

When I lived in Spain, some Spanish friends of mine decided to visit England by car. Before they left, they asked me

for advice about how to find accommodation (住所). ……

26.My Spanish friends wanted advice about B.finding places to stay in England.

27.I suggested that they stay at…… because. A.they would be able to practice their English.

28.“NO VACANCIES” in English means. A.no free rooms .

29.If you see a road sign that says ‘Diversion’, you will D.have to take a different road.

30.When someone offered me…… ‘Thank you’ in French, I C.really wanted some more coffee.二、现代微生物学与临床实践（35%）：A型题（在一组备选答案中，选择一个最佳答案）：

31.脑膜炎奈瑟菌分离的最佳培养基是:D.巧克力培养基

32.引起亚急性细菌性心内膜炎最常见的细菌是：D.甲型溶血性链球菌

33.脑脊液显微镜检查为革兰阳性短小杆菌在BAP形成狭窄β溶血，在半固体培养基中扩散生长呈倒松树状，

25℃动力阳性，4℃冷增菌可提高分离阳性率。CAMP试验阳性，触酶阳性。该细菌可能是：B.产单核细胞李斯

特菌

34.分离流感嗜血杆菌常用的培养基为：B.巧克力培养基

35.如果细菌培养时发现在预加的金黄色葡萄球菌菌落周围生长旺盛，则该菌可能是：A.流感嗜血杆菌

36.下列哪种细菌需要4~8周培养才能长出可见菌落？A.结核分枝杆菌

37.与流感病毒成熟释放有关的成分是：A.NA

38.军团菌的传播途径是：B.呼吸道传播

39.下列哪一类的大肠埃希菌中含有O157：H7这一血清型？D.EHEC

40.被称为志贺样大肠埃希菌的是: C.肠侵袭型大肠埃希菌

41.可用冷凝集试验协助诊断的疾病是：B.非典型肺炎

42.某菌为革兰阴性菌，在KIA培养基上：分解葡萄糖和不分解乳糖，产生H2S；在MIU培养上：动力阳性，吲

哚试验、脲酶试验阴性，IMViC试验-+ --；氧化酶阴性，触酶阳性，盐还原试验阳性。该菌应是：E.伤寒

沙门菌

43.副溶血弧菌的主要致病物质是: E.耐热直接溶血素和不耐相关热溶血素

44.判断细菌性食物中毒除定性检验外，必须做: B.活菌计数

45.关于临床常见弯曲菌的生化反应，错误的是：C.发酵葡萄糖

46.关于幽门螺杆菌的性状，错误的是: B.37℃生长，25℃和42℃均不生长

47.下列哪种模式HBV血清学标志物提示血液传染性高? A.HBsAg(+)；抗HBs(－)；抗HBc(+)；HBeAg(+)；抗HBe(－)

48.用ELISA法检测乙型肝炎抗原.抗体系统结果：HBsAg(-)抗-HBs(+)、HBeAg(-)抗-HBe(+)及抗-HBc(-)，提示：

B.既往感染恢复期，

有免疫力

49.最易引起输血后肝炎的病毒是：B.HCV

50.在6.5%氯化钠培养基中能生长的细菌是：D.肠球菌

51.患者女性，42岁。某患者因尿频、尿急、尿痛而就诊。尿常规：WBC(++)，RBC10个／HP，尿蛋白(＋＋)，

查体，肾区叩击痛，血常规:12.6×109/L,N75%。如怀疑其为细菌性尿道炎，则临床最常见的革兰阴性菌为：C.

大肠埃希菌

52.可通过眼一眼及眼一手一眼传播又可通过性接触传播的病原体是：A.沙眼衣原体沙眼亚种

53.关于HIV的叙述，下列哪项是不正确的？C.感染后机体体液免疫功能增加

54.生殖器疱疹主要由下列哪种病原体感染引起？A.HSV-2

55.患者男性，2月前出现生殖器皮肤的无痛性溃疡，1月后自然愈合，近日出现全身皮肤红疹，伴有淋巴结肿

大，该患者曾有不洁性交史。最可能的诊断为：E.梅毒

56.解脲支原体利用葡萄糖、精氨酸、尿素三种物质表现为：A.不分解葡萄糖和精氨酸，尿素试验阳性

57.采集流感患者的咽漱液后，分离病毒最合适的接种法是：C.鸡胚羊膜腔

58.Nagler试验原理是产气荚膜梭菌：C.分解蛋黄中卵磷脂

59.炭疽芽孢杆菌与蜡样芽孢杆菌细菌特性相同的是：A.染色

60. 某灼伤患者入院治疗，在住院期间发生铜绿假单胞菌创面感染。该菌的生化反应中，哪项不正确？D.乳糖

发酵阳性

（61~63题共用题干）某患者因暴发型腹泻，伴有低热、恶心、呕吐症状入院治疗，曾食入储存冰箱多日猪肉。

61.若SS培养基菌落呈黑色沉淀，引起肠道感染最常见的革兰阴性菌可能为A.沙门菌属

62.沙门菌属生化特性除外：E.尿素酶阳性

63.猪霍乱沙门菌抗原哪项不正确？C.有Vi抗原

(~65题共用题干)女性患者，32岁，孕4周，近3日发热，疑为病毒感染需作病毒学检查。

.CMV可通过多种途径传播，但下列哪种除外？C.呼吸道感染

65.从新生儿血清中检测到抗CMV的IgM，说明该新生儿：A.先天性CMV感染

31.金黄色葡萄球菌耐药菌株最多的是耐下列哪种抗生素？A.青霉素G

32.金黄色葡萄球菌能产生多种致病物质,其中对人致病的主要是：A.血浆凝固酶

33.下列细菌中22～25℃动力(+)，37℃动力慢的是： B.产单核细胞李斯特菌

34.关于卫星试验正确的是：D.葡萄球菌合成V因子释放于培养基中，促进待检菌生长

35.金黄色葡萄球菌能促进流感嗜血杆菌的生长，是因为：B.能合成V因子

36.若已明确该菌为产β-内酰胺酶流感嗜血杆菌，则提示用下列何种药物治疗？A.阿莫西林/克拉维酸

37.某患者反复咳嗽、咳痰，经抗炎治疗2～3周仍无改善。实验室检查找到抗酸杆菌。该患者首先考虑的诊

断是：D.肺结核

38.抗原性漂移指流感病毒的：D.亚型抗原的小变异

39.因空调冷却塔用水污染而导致医院内感染的细菌是：C.军团菌

40.患者因发热入院，怀疑为伤寒，两次肥达试验结果，入院后第四天为H1:80，O1:80，A、B、C1:40。入院后第12天如下：

H、O1:0，A、B、C1:40，应作何种诊断？A.伤寒

41.试验菌在KIA上的24h内的反应为“斜面红色/底层黄色”，则可判定该试验：A.发酵葡萄糖，迟缓或不发酵乳糖

42.霍乱弧菌的血清分型主要依据：A.O抗原

43.消化性溃疡的发生与下列哪种细菌感染有关？B.幽门螺杆菌

44.与消化性溃疡发生有关的细菌，其生化反应中错误的是A.无NaCl的培养基中生长良好

45.微需氧菌，最适生长气体环境中需含氧5％、二氧化碳10％、氮气85％的细菌是： D.大肠弯曲菌

46.夏季，患者进食后发生恶心、呕吐、腹泻，前来就医，下列何种细菌应不予考虑为此感染病原菌：D.幽门螺杆菌

47.分离流感病毒可采用患者的：E.咽漱液

48.乙型肝炎的主要传播途径是：B.血液、血制品传播

49.关于HBV的叙述，正确的是：C.HBeAg是体内HBV复制的指标之一

50.HDV的增殖必须有下列哪种病毒存在？B.HBV

51.一位重症男性外伤患者，留置导尿一周，出现尿频、尿急、尿痛，尿常规检查……，最可能感染的病原菌是： E.大肠埃希菌

52．患者女性，42岁。某患者因尿频、尿急、尿痛而就诊。尿常规：WBC(++)，RBC10个／HP，尿蛋白(＋＋)，查体，肾区叩击痛，血常规:12.6×109/L,N75%。临床采集的最适标本为： D.清洁中段尿

53.尖锐湿疣的病原体是：C.人乳头瘤病毒

54.下列HIV蛋白中能介导病毒包膜与宿主细胞膜融合作用的是：B.gp41

55．AIDS的传染源是：B.AIDS患者与HIV携带者

56.新型隐球菌的特点是：B.条件致病菌

57.在血琼脂平板上能出现双溶血环的细菌是： C.产气荚膜梭菌

58.患者，女，30岁，因寒颤高热2d入院10d前，患者曾到医院拔牙……厌氧菌培养得革兰阴性杆菌。可能是哪种细菌？E.脆弱类杆菌

59.下列有关破伤风细菌的描述错误的是：C.有单鞭毛

(60~62题共用题干)某患儿，皮肤呈弥漫性红斑和水疱形成，继以表皮上层大片脱落，因烫伤样皮肤入院，无烫伤史。

60.可能是哪种病原体所致？A.金黄色葡萄球菌

61.若该菌有MecA基因，首选药物是：D.万古霉素

62.MecA基因编码蛋白质是：B.低亲和力的PBP

63.引起婴幼儿肺炎的主要病毒是：A.腺病毒

.EBV与之关系密切为:A.鼻咽癌

65.孕期妇女的TORCH检测不包括：E.软下疳

31.一新生儿室爆发脓毒血症，脓汁标本经涂片革兰染色镜检发现葡萄球菌。血液增菌……有胶胨状凝块者可能为：A.金黄色葡萄球菌

32.关于耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌，叙述不正确的是：D.体外药敏试验表现为敏感的药物，临床疗效也一定好

33.下列细菌可用半固体穿刺观察特殊动力现象的是：C.产单核李斯特菌

34.有一黏液脓血便的患者，经多次培养没有检出志贺菌，则应怀疑下列那种细菌感染？C.EIEC

35.怀疑霍乱弧菌感染应接种平板是：C.TCBS

36.可引起脑膜炎的嗜血杆菌是：A.流感嗜血杆菌

37.脑膜炎奈瑟菌能：A.分解葡萄糖和麦芽糖，产酸不产气

38.对鉴别肺炎链球菌和甲型链球菌无意义的试验为：E.甲型溶血

39.乙型肝炎病毒学检验最常用的方法是 D.测定血清中HBV抗原抗体

40.鲍曼不动杆菌耐药抗生素有D.氨基糖苷类

41.疑为结核患者标本进行分离培养，至少应观察多久才可弃去 E.五十六天

42.霍乱弧菌在碱性蛋白胨水增菌6～8小时后，在培养液中菌量分布最多的部位是 A.上层

43.伤寒沙门菌Ｏ抗原刺激机体产生Ｅ.IgM

44.与流感病毒吸附有关的成分是：B.衣壳蛋白

45.不动杆菌属细菌引起的院内感染，最常见的部位是：A.呼吸道

46.初步鉴别肠杆菌科致病菌和非致病菌的试验是：D.乳糖发酵试验

47.冷增菌常用于下面哪个菌的培养？D.耶尔森菌

48.副溶血弧菌引起的食物中毒，主要常见于：B.内陆沿海地区食海产品

49.下列与胃肠道感染有关的细菌中，不耐胆盐的是：B.痢疾志贺菌

50.革兰阴性弯曲形细菌，氧化酶、触酶阳性，不分解任何糖类，脲酶强阳性的是：C.幽门螺杆菌

51.一男性病人，43岁，头晕，腹胀，剧烈腹泻呈水样便伴呕吐1天。无腹痛，无里急后重。查体：疲倦面容，皮肤、唇舌干燥，

眼窝内陷。血压80／60mmHg。应首先进行如下何种检查来进行初步诊断？E.B+C

52.HBsAg在血清中的最主要存在形式是：A.小球形颗粒53.核酸类型为负单链RNA的病毒是：D.HDV

54.21岁男性、发烧（T41℃）、休克（Bp70/30mmHg）。躯干皮肤出现红色斑点，无脑膜刺激症状。患者3天前

头前部轻微疼痛，脾切除手术史。患者虽经抗生素治疗，并输血和用多巴胺支持血压，

血压仍然持续下降。血培养发现有G+尖茅状双球菌生长。患者可能患有：D.肺炎链球菌败血症

55.临床采集的标本，用1μl定量接种环接种在培养基上，孵育后菌落计数，若诊断为尿路感染，所得菌落数

应大于: D.100

56.软下疳的病原体是：E.杜克嗜血杆菌

57.HIV结构具有CD4分子受体的部位是：C.刺突

58.确诊AIDS的常用方法是：E.Western印迹法

59.淋病奈瑟菌的主要致病因素是：A.袭性酶

60.请问拟诊破伤风患者最佳治疗为：D.注射破伤风抗毒素和青霉素

61.该VZV病毒隐伏在：E.髓后根神经节或者颅神经的感觉神经节

(62~63题共用题干) 某患儿，皮肤呈弥漫性红斑和水疱形成，继以表皮上层大片脱落，因烫伤样皮肤入院，无烫伤史。

62.引起该患儿致病的病原体致病物质是：D.表皮剥脱毒素

63.产生该致病物质细菌的噬菌体分型：A.Ⅱ群

.致孕妇畸胎的病毒主要是：D.风疹病毒

65.目前认为与传染性单核细胞增多症有关的病毒是：B. EBV

31.在血培养瓶中加入一定量的树脂是为了：E.中和血液中的抗生素

32.关于不动杆菌属特征，错误的是：A.氧化酶阳性

33.可在4℃生长进行冷增菌的是：A.产单核细胞李斯特菌

34.有关流感嗜血杆菌的叙述错误的是：E.常规不检测耐药性

35.通常用于培养结核分枝杆菌的培养基为：B.罗-琴氏培养基

36.肺炎链球菌的菌落周围是A.草绿色溶血环

37.肺炎克雷伯菌易产生耐药性已作为医院细菌室常规检测项目有A.产ESBL酶

38.对破伤风病最佳预防为C.注射白百破三联疫苗

39.可用于食品标本中痢疾志贺菌的增菌培养液为B.GN增菌液

40.小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌在25℃培养时形态学的显著特征是出现B.周鞭毛

41.TCBS平板中没有的成分为：E.亚盐

42.TCBS培养基的原理是细菌利用培养基中哪一种物质而使指示剂变色？C.蔗糖

43.弯曲菌中最重要、最常见的人体致病菌是：B.空肠弯曲菌

44.血液增菌培养结果呈均匀混浊并有胶胨状凝块者，可能为C.金黄色葡萄球菌

45.不属于幽门螺杆菌快速诊断法的是E.直接动物试验

46.对鉴定肺炎链球菌临床常用生化试验为：D.Optochin敏感试验

47.HBV的核酸类型为：E.双链环状DNA

48.用ELISA法检测乙型肝炎抗原、抗体系统结果：HBsAg(-)抗-HBs(-)HBeAg(-)抗-HBe(+)及抗-HBc(+)，提示：

A.既往乙肝感染或“核心窗口期”

49.关于戊型肝炎病毒(HEV)的致病性，下述描述错误的是：A.HEV主要引起母婴传播

(50~51题共用题干)患者女性,15岁。低热，双眼睑及下肢轻度浮肿，心脏B超未见异常,发现扁桃体Ⅱº肿大，未见脓点.，尿蛋白(++)，尿红细胞(++)血清ASO水平为300IU/ml,

10天后血清ASO水平上升到1200IU/ml。

50.可能原因是：D.链球菌感染后肾小球肾炎

51.细菌培养发现β溶血性球菌，触酶阴性、杆菌肽敏感试验阳性，可能是：A.化脓性链球菌

（52~54题共用题干）某患者有不洁性交史，近日全身皮肤黏膜出现红疹，伴有全身淋巴结肿大，初步怀疑为梅毒螺旋体感染。

52.约于几周前，患者外生殖器感染的局部会形成丘疹硬结？C.2~8周

53.二期梅毒实验室检测多选用：D.免疫学检测

54.临床实验室梅毒血清学方法中的非密螺旋体抗原试验，所用的抗原为：D.牛心肌类脂

55.患者女性，42岁。某患者因尿频、尿急、尿痛而就诊。尿常规：WBC(++)，RBC10个／HP，尿蛋白(＋＋)，查体，肾区叩击痛，

血常规:12.6×109/L,N75%。若确诊为尿路感染.挑取该菌进行生化反应，得到如下结果氧化酶(－)，吲哚(＋)。脲酶(－)。

最有可能的菌为：A.大肠埃希菌

56.HIV最易发生变异的部位是：D.包膜蛋白

57.下列可经性行为传播的病毒是：B.人乳头瘤病毒

58.淋病的传染源是：B.淋病患者

59.疑似“淋病”病人的脓性分泌物标本，必须：C.保暖保湿，迅速送检

60.病毒与立克次体相同的特点是:B.在人工合成培养基中不能生长

61.下列均可导致胎儿先天性畸形的病毒为:A.风疹病毒、巨细胞病毒、单纯疱疹病毒2型

62.HIV感染早期孕妇的检测指标是: C.p24 抗原（63~65题共用题干）

患者女性，38岁，1月前在当时医院诊断为尿路感染，并用氨苄西林治疗至今，近2天有皂片样阴道分泌物，镜检，高倍镜下见大量圆形，芽生细胞。

63.患者可能患：A.真菌性阴道炎

.该患者发病机制可能是：A.菌群失调

65.该患者治疗用药为：A.制霉菌素阴道栓

三、血液检验学（35%）：

A型题（在一组备选答案中，选择一个最佳答案）：

66.大淋巴细胞与单核细胞的最主要区别是：B．核染色质的松紧与胞浆含量的多少

67.健康人的血涂片进行瑞氏染色后，见到的白细胞中最多的是: B．中性粒分叶核细胞

68.大细胞性贫血常见于：C．VitB12、叶酸缺乏

69.女性，18岁，Hb80g/L，属于: C．中度贫血

70.根据贫血的形态学分类再生障碍性贫血属于: B．正细胞正色素性贫血

71.根据贫血的形态学分类缺铁性贫血属于: C．小细胞低色素贫血

72.下列哪项组合不正确? B．再生障碍性贫血——小细胞低色素性贫血

73.下列说法正确的是: E．PNH可由AA转化而来，也可演变成AA，或两者同时存在

74.要诊断蚕豆病，下列最没必要做的检查是: B．酸化甘油溶血试验

75.下列哪项检查结果最不可能出现在溶血性贫血时的是: A．血清结合珠蛋白增高

76.脾切除对以下哪种溶血性贫血疗效最好？D.遗传性球形红细胞增多症

77.以下哪项不是急性和慢性再障的区别条件？C.发病原因不同

78.下列不属于正常骨髓象特征的是：A．有核细胞增生明显活跃

79.诊断传染性单核细胞增多症最常用的快速筛选试验是：B．单斑试验

80.缺铁性贫血与慢性感染性贫血鉴别要点是：D. 骨髓细胞外铁

81.缺铁性贫血与铁粒红细胞性贫血鉴别主要选择下列哪项检查？ C. 骨髓铁染色

82.关于出血性疾病的发病，下列哪项说法是正确的？E. 先天性凝血因子缺乏症中的血友病甲最常见

83.男性，22岁，头昏乏力，鼻粘膜及牙龈出血1周来诊。化验：Hb85g/L，WBC42×109/L，BPC23×109/L，

外周血片中有成熟细胞，骨髓涂片增生极度活跃。原始细胞50%，早幼粒细胞21%，

POX强阳性，NAP（—），NSE部分呈阳性反应，不被NaF抑制，确诊为急性非淋巴细胞白血病，FAB分型是：B.M2

84.下列属于血栓烷A2的生理功能的是：A. 抑制腺苷酸环化酶

85.下列关于凝血因子正确的描述是：C.在血液凝固过程中起辅助因子作用的是FV、VIII、III

86.血小板粘附率增高常可见于：A. 心肌梗死

87.血小板第3因子有效性测定结果为活性减低时，符合下列哪项疾病？D. 血小板无力症

88.急粒的血象特点是 D. 白细胞分类可有原始、早幼粒细胞的明显增多

.关节出血的常见疾病是： D. 血友病

90.正常止血决定于以下何种因素？C. 血小板的质量、血管壁及凝血因子正常

91.以下疾病常可发生干抽现象，但一般不见于：E．缺铁性贫血

92.通过骨髓象检查，能够确诊的疾病是：E．以上都是

93.白血病细胞呈过氧化物酶染色（POX）阴性的是：A．急性淋巴细胞白血病

94.中性粒细胞碱性磷酸酶染色（NAP）积分值为“0”，一般常见于： E．慢粒

95.下列血细胞发育过程的一般规律描述正确的是 B．核浆比例由大到小

96.女性，20岁，头昏，乏力半年，近2年来每次月经期持续7~8天，有血块。门诊化验红细胞数3.0×1012/L，

血红蛋白65g/L，

血清铁蛋白10μg/L，血清叶酸16ng/ml，维生素B12 600µg/ml。网织红细胞0.015（1.5%），最可能的诊断是：C．缺铁性贫血

97.男性，50岁，确诊为缺铁性贫血给予铁剂治疗。Hb上升达135g/L。为补充体内应有的铁贮存量，需继续给

予小剂量铁剂。

下列何项实验室检查最能反映体内贮存铁？C．血清铁蛋白

98.男性，70岁，低热，乏力，消瘦半年，两侧颈部可触及数个蚕豆大小淋巴结，质中，脾肋下3cm，Hb130g/L，

WBC98×109/L，

分类：中性12%，淋巴88%，BPC11.2×109/L，血尿酸7mg/dl，骨髓象：增生明显活跃，幼淋2%，淋巴80%，

应诊断为：E．慢淋

99.凝血功能障碍所致出血的实验室筛选试验，其主要阳性结果可以是：

E．凝血时间、凝血酶原时间、凝血酶时间及白陶土部分凝血活酶时间延长

100.血浆凝血酶原时间明显延长时缺乏的凝血因子最可能是：C.I、II、V、VII、X

66.核常偏于一侧，染色质呈车轮状的细胞是:C.浆细胞

67.造血幼稚细胞中有Auer小体，可见于:C.急性非淋巴细胞白血病

68.卡波氏环可见于哪个细胞胞浆中的异常结构？A.红细胞

69.判断是否贫血，应该看以下何项指标？C.RBC、Hb和Hct

70.下列不属于红细胞形态异常改变的是： C.杜勒氏小体

71.红细胞形态不整最常见于：A.巨幼红细胞性贫血

72.下列属于血管内溶血实验室特点的是：B.外周血中可见较多破碎红细胞73.下列能用于诊断获得性红细胞膜缺陷性溶贫的检查是：D.血细胞CD55、CD59表达情况

74.免疫性溶血性贫血首选的筛选试验是:C.Coombs试验

75.下列哪项不是再生障碍性贫血的有效治疗方法:E.集落刺激因子

76.以下哪项不符合血友病甲的临床特点？C.多见皮肤粘膜出血

77.急性溶血时，下列哪一项是少见的D.尿胆红素增多

78.临床上最常见类白血病反应的细胞类型是：C.中性粒细胞型

79.骨髓增生明显活跃是指:D.有核红细胞数＞50/Hp

80.下列属于血管内溶血的疾病是：A. PNHB.

81.慢性粒细胞性白血病与类白血病反应的鉴别有意义的是:C.ph1染色体阳性

82.下列关于PNH说法正确的是:A.是一种获得性血细胞膜缺陷性疾病，主要受累的是红细胞

83.下列哪项是干细胞和早期细胞的分化抗原？E.CD34

84.因子V、VIII主要含于下列何种血液成分中？C.正常人贮存血浆

85.人体内最不稳定的凝血因子，同时也是构成凝血和血栓形成的共同环节的凝血因子是:A.FV

86.肝病并发DIC时，你认为下列哪一组试验最有诊断价值？A.FVIII：C降低，VWF：Ag增高及vWF：Ag/VIII：C比值增高

87.急性白血病病人的出血多数是因为:A.血小板减少

88.正常情况下血液在血管内流动而不凝固主要取决于:C.血液中的凝血物质和抗凝物质呈动态平衡

.最易与再障混淆的疾病是:C.PNH

90.急性白血病易发生感染，主要由于:E.成熟粒细胞缺乏

91.葡萄糖6—磷酸脱氢酶的缺陷，可引起:D.蚕豆病

92.多发性骨髓瘤是骨髓内哪一种细胞异常增生的一种恶性肿瘤？C.单—浆细胞株

93.苏丹黑染色（SB）与过氧化物酶染色（POX）相比较，正确的叙述是，前者较后者:A.敏感性强，稳定性和特异性弱

94.以下为类白血病反应的常见原因，但需除外:B.严重贫血

95.胞体直径12~20μm，呈圆或椭圆形，胞核大，位于或偏位，核染色质开始聚集。核仁……POX染色阳性。这是:B.早幼粒细胞

96.男性，50岁。5年前因胃癌行全胃切除术。近1年来渐感头晕，乏力，……MCH36pg，MCHC34%。最可能的诊断是:B.巨幼细胞性贫血

97.体内的铁主要分布在下列哪一项中？A.血红蛋白

98．霍奇金病患者，体检：T38.5℃，左侧颈部及右侧腋下淋巴结肿大，……胸部X线检查无异常发现，该病例临床分期属于:D.III期B

99.正常的凝血和纤维蛋白溶解过程，下列哪项正确？E.外源性凝血过程第一阶段不需要PF3参与

100．有一闭塞性脉管炎病人在门诊用具有抗凝作用的小复方治疗（内有新抗凝片），一个月后出现皮肤片状瘀斑，腰部疼痛，……

纤维蛋白原200mg/dl。3P（—），优球蛋白溶解时间＞120分，引起出血的原因为:C.VitK依赖凝血因子缺乏

66.五种白细胞中，下列哪种细胞核染色质呈疏松网状？D.单核细胞

67.在胞浆中出现粗大、圆而均匀，呈桔红色染色颗粒的白细胞为：B.嗜酸性粒细胞

68.可反映外周红细胞大小不一的参数是：A．RDW

69.能反映外周血红细胞平均大小的参数是：D．MCV

70.有核红细胞最常见于：B．溶血性贫血

71.用于评价红细胞造血功能的试验是：D．网织红细胞计数

72.下列不属于溶血性贫血病因学分类的是：D．血管内溶血性贫血

73.胎儿血红蛋白的肽链组成是：A．α2γ 2

74.慢性特发性血小板减少性紫癜，下列哪一项是正确的？C.女性青春期易发病

75.DIC最常见的病因是：C.感染性疾病

76.温抗体型AIHA的病因和发病机制主要与下列哪一项有关？C．慢性淋巴细胞性白血病

77.符合MDS FAB分型中RAEB-T标准的是：D．原始和幼稚细胞中找到Auer小体

78.人体内具分化能力的最早的造血细胞是：B．造血干细胞

79.成人轻度贫血，其Hb的数值应为：A．90-120g/L

80.骨髓和外周血中分叶核粒细胞的碱性磷酸酶积分在下列哪种疾病中常呈明显降低.D. 慢性粒细胞白血病

82.下列关于急淋描述正确的是：E.骨髓象中的原始和幼稚淋巴细胞为主，常易见涂抹细胞

83.下列关于原发性骨髓纤维化描述正确的是：B. 外周血红细胞形态不规则，可见泪滴状红细胞，并可出现幼红、幼粒细

81.男性，40岁，因发热就诊，查血Hb90 g/L，WBC25×109/L，白细胞分类：中性中幼粒10%，中性晚幼粒10%，中性杆状核30%，

中性分叶核30%，嗜碱性分叶核2%，淋巴细胞10%，单核细胞3%，BPC95×109/L，AKP积分为0分，该病例最可能诊断是：D.慢粒

84.抑制凝血酶活性最主要的物质是：C.ATIII

85.活化蛋白C能灭活的因子是：A.FVa和VIIIa

86.贫血伴轻中度黄疸，肝功能试验均正常，最可能的诊断是：D. 溶贫

87.一贫血患者，化验为小细胞正色素性贫血伴有慢性下肢溃疡，血清铁70μg/dl总铁结合力280μg/dl骨髓外铁++，诊断为E.慢性感染性贫血

88.末梢血反映骨髓幼红细胞增生程度准确指标是：C.网织红细胞绝对值

.出血伴PT时间延长（Quick一期法）最可能的诊断是：A.阻塞性黄疸

90.血象全血细胞减少，骨髓细胞增生低下，三系造血细胞减少血象和骨髓象符合：E.再障

91.引起传染性单核细胞增多症的是：A.EB病毒

92.下有关缺铁性贫血时的检测结果，哪一项不正确？D．骨髓检查细胞外铁增高

93.骨髓涂片中找到形态异常的异常组织细胞、多核巨细胞，对诊断哪一种疾病有价值？C.恶性组织细胞病

94.单核细胞酯酶是指：B.醋酸AS-D萘酚酯酶染色（AS-DAE）

95.以下关于酸性磷酸酶染色（ACP）的叙述，不正确的是：C.多毛细胞性白血病时呈强阳性反应，加L-酒石酸被抑制

96.原始红细胞的特征是：A．核染色质呈较粗粒状，不太均匀，着色较深，在核膜及核仁周围较浓，胞浆深蓝色浓稠，不均匀的油画蓝感，核周淡染。胞浆常有伪足，核仁1~3个。

97.体内缺铁时，最早表现为：C.贮存铁减少

98.男性，17岁，发热，皮肤瘀点牙龈出血10天就诊，化验：Hb70g/L，WBC2.2×109/L，BPC31×109/L，分类N0.7（70%），L25%，

M5%。骨髓涂片增生明显活跃，原始细胞32%，早幼粒细胞18%，最可能的诊断是：D.急性非白血性白血病

99.男性，22岁，头昏乏力，鼻粘膜及牙龈出血1周来诊。化验；Hb85g/L，WBC42×109/L，BPC23×109/L，……

NSE部分呈阳性反应，不被NaF抑制，确诊为急性非淋巴细胞白血病，FAB分型是：B.M2

100.男性，24岁，一周前右膝关节不慎撞伤后，逐渐肿大疼痛，过去有类似病史也有小腿部肌肉血肿，但不严重，应选用检查是：D.APTT测定

66.血涂片进行白细胞分类计数时采用的染色方法是 C.瑞氏染色

67.嗜碱性粒细胞计数值增加常见于：B.慢性粒细胞性白血病

68.正常成年人体内HbA占：A.98%

69.正常成年人体内HbF占：E.<1%

70.外周血涂片中性粒细胞分叶过多最常见于：D.巨幼细胞性贫血

71.骨髓增生明显活跃是指：D.有核红细胞数＞50/Hp

72.HbA肽链的组成是D.α2/β2

73.下列疾病时，红细胞内均有可能检测到包涵体，但除外：E.遗传性球形细胞增多症

74.传染性单核细胞增多症有诊断价值的细胞是：D.异常淋巴细胞

75.急粒与急淋鉴别要点是：E.前者原始细胞POX染色阳性

76.下列哪一项不是粒细胞生成障碍的病因？A.脾功能亢进

77.异形淋巴细胞的常见病因是：B.EB病毒感染

78.红细胞膜骨架系统包括以下的蛋白质，但其中不是。D.主体蛋白

79.体内的铁主要分布在哪里？A.血红蛋白

80.男性，70岁，低热，乏力，消瘦半年，两侧颈部可触及数个蚕豆大小淋巴结，质中，脾肋下3cm，Hb130g/L，WBC98×109/L，分类：中性12%，淋巴88%，BPC11.2×109/L，血尿酸7mg/dl，

骨髓象：增生明显活跃，幼淋2%，淋巴80%，应诊为：E.慢淋

81.因体内叶酸、维生素B12缺乏引起的巨幼细胞性贫血，属于：E.大细胞正色素性贫血

82.白细胞减少症是指外周血白细胞计数持续低于：C.4.0×109/L

83.下列物质中属于舒血管物质的是：D.前列环素

84.肝素的抗凝作用，尚需依赖下列哪一项？A.ATIII

85.在纤维蛋白降解过程中，由可溶性纤维蛋白形成不溶性纤维蛋白的过程，除钙离子外，还需要哪种凝血因子？D.FXIIIa

86.脑膜白血病多见于：B.急淋治疗缓解后

87.急粒与急淋鉴别要点是：E.前者原始细胞POX染色阳性

88.血小板在凝血过程中的主要作用是：D.提高血小板3因子（磷脂）

.止血机制的基本因素为：B.血管收缩、血小板聚集或栓塞、凝血功能

90.使纤维蛋白分解为纤维蛋白降解产物的物质是：E.纤溶酶

91.某成人检测Hb的数值为58 g/L，其贫血严重程度是：D.重度贫血

92.以下哪一个不是骨髓增生性疾病B.再生障碍性贫血

93.网织红细胞绝对值增高的临床意义是：C.骨髓造血功能活跃

94.中性粒细胞碱性磷酸酶染色（NAP）正常人积分值为：E.10-60

95.人体内具分化能力的最早的造血细胞是B.造血干细胞

96.急性ANLL（M3）型白血病以何种多见且严重的临床表现为其主要的临床症状？A.出血

97.溶血性贫血在溶血发作期，外周血网织红细胞计数一般是E.＞5%98.具有半定量测定价值，诊断温抗体型自身免疫性溶血性贫血的一个重要方法是： D.直接抗人球蛋白试验

99.以下有关阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿(PNH)的叙述哪一个是正确的？ A.该病为慢性血管内溶血性疾病，典型症状是清晨发现酱油色尿

100.关于骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)，正确的叙述是C.主要症状是不明原因的难治性贫血