教学过程 | 九年级下形容词、副词专项练习 一、语法详解 (一)形容词:用来说明或修饰名词、代词的词称为形容词。 1、形容词的句法作用:作句子中名词的定语、句子的表语以及宾语补足语。 2、形容词在句子中的位置: 1)作定语时放在名词的前面,且音节少的词放在音节多的词之前。 如:a big yellow wooden wheel(一个黄色的大木轮) 2)作表语时放在连系动词之后。 如:The price sounds reasonable. 3)作宾语补足语时放在宾语之后。 如:We must try our best to keep our environment clean. 4)后置的情况: ①修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后。 如:Something serious has happened to him. ②与表示“长、宽、高、重、老、远离”的词连用时形容词后置。 如:He’s 1.8 metres tall.(他身高1.8米。) The moon is about 380,000 kilometres away from the earth. 3、有关形容词的用法辨析: 1)whole与all:记住两个词序:① the whole + 名词; ②all (of) the + 名词。 如:He was busy the whole morning. He can remember all the words he learns. 2)tall与high, short与low:指人的个子时用tall与short;指其他事物时一般用high与low。 如:He’s very tall/short. Tall trees are standing on both sides of that avenue. A few people live on high mountains. 3)real与true:real一般指东西的真假,译为“真的”;而true则指事情或消息的可靠性,译为“真实的”。 如:This is a real diamond(钻石) and it’s very expensive --Is that true?—Yes. I heard it with my own ears. 4)interested与interesting的区别:interesting指人或东西“有趣的”,作定语或表语,而interested则表示人对别的事物“感兴趣的”,只能作表语。 如:The man is very interesting and all the children like him. This book is interesting and you can really enjoy yourself. I am interested in science. 5)such用法: such + a(n) + 名词(单数)(+that从句)。 如:I have never seen such a foolish(愚蠢的) boy. He had such a terrible accident that he could never forget it. 6)good与well:表示“好”时,作定语或表语用good,作状语用well;表示“(身体)好”时用well. 如:Doing sports is good for us. Study well and make progress every day. --How are you?—I am very well. 7)nice与fine:的区别:nice表示令人愉快的,可以指东西、人物外表等;fine一般指身体或天气好。如:Let’s go and share(分享) the nice cake. She is a nice girl. / What a fine day! He’s fine recently(最近). 8)too much与much too:too much表示“太多的”,修饰事物数量;much too表示“太过,过分”,修饰形容词或副词。 如:I am full because I have had too much rice. That coat is much too dear. 9)quick、fast与soon:quick与fast基本同义,quick往往指反应速度快,fast往往指运动速度快,而soon则表示时间上很快即将发生。 如:After a quick breakfast, he hurried to school leaving his bag at home. A train is much faster than a bus. His father will be back to China very soon. 10)lonely与alone:lonely是表示心理活动的形容词,意思是:“孤独的,寂寞的”,作定语或表语;alone的意思是:“独自的,单独的”,指无人陪伴,仅作表语,(作为副词的alone可作状语)。 如:He lives alone but he doesn’t feel lonely. He is a lonely person. You can not easily get on well with him. 11)other与else的区别:两个词都可以作形容词,但是用法不同,other放在名词前;else修饰不定代词、疑问词、little、much,后置,另外,or else表示“否则”,是连词。 如:The other students are on the playground. Who else can work out this maths problem? This is nobody else’s money. It’s mine. Do you have anything else to say for yourself? 12)special与especial的区别:表示事件不同寻常、过分或特殊时,两个词可互换,但special较为常用。另外,special还可以表示特别的目的。 如:She pays (e)special attention to clothes. These are special chairs for small children. 13)gone、lost、missing的区别:gone表示“丢了,没了”,含一去不复返的意思,也可以表示“死了”,作表语或宾补,不可以作定语;lost表示“丢失”,含难以找回的意思,可作定语、表语或宾补;missing表示“失踪了,不见了”,强调某人物不在原处,可作定语、表语或宾补。 如:My fever(高烧)is gone, but I still have a cough. The parents found the lost child at last. My dictionary is missing.Who’s taken it away? For more detailed information(详情)of the missing girls, please visit our website. 14)living、alive、live、lively的区别:四个词都来源于动词live“生活、居住”。 living读[‘liviN]有三个意思:①“活着的、现存的”,作表语或定语 ②“一模一样的、逼真的” ③相当于lively,意思是“强烈的、活泼的”; live读[laiv],指东西“活的”,可以替换为living; alive读[[‘laiv]作表语,指人“活着的”,如果作定语,则放在名词的后面; lively读[‘laivli]有三个意思:①有生气的、活泼的、快活的,②(色彩)鲜艳的,③生动的、真实的。 例如:A living language should be learned orally(口头上).(被动句) We have a living hope that you will succeed. Is she still alive? / They are the happiest children alive. This is a live fish. / A live wire(电线) is dangerous. She is as lively as a kitten(小猫). He gave a lively description of the football match. 15)sick与ill区别:sick和ill都表示“生病的”,但是,sick可以做定语、表语,而ill只能做表语。 如:He has been ill/sick for a long time and he is very weak now. Vets help treat sick pets and most of the pets’ owners like them. 16)the poor(穷人们) / the rich(富人们)等用法:“the+形容词”这一结构可以表示一类人物,复数含义。 如:We must try our best to help the poor. The rich never know how the poor are living. 三、例题解析 1. I think Chinese is ________than maths. A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting 2. -What does Lucy like better, singing or dancing? -Singing, of course .She's known to ________it. A. be good at B. be good for C. be bad at D. be bad for 3. The Huang He River is one of ________in China. A. The long river B. the longest river C. the longest rivers D. the longer river 4. The girl was ________afraid ________she threw her bag away. A. so, that B. too, to C. too, that D. enough, to 5. It was ________ yesterday than today. A. hot B. hotter C. hotter D. the hottest 6. Which subject do you like ________, English Chinese or maths? A. best B. well C. better D. good 7. None of the students watched it ________. A. careful enough B. enough carefully C. carefully enough D. enough careful 8. ________she eats,________she'll be. A. More…fat B. The more…fatter C. More…the fatter D. The more…the fatter 9. I don't think English is ________Chinese. A. as important as B. not important as C. not so important D. important as 10. Miss Li is a good English teacher. The students in her class ________English. A. are interested in B. are interesting in C. are interested at D. are interesting to
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