How Does Chinese and Western Language Culture Influence Translation ?
1. Background
The western linguists hold the belief that language can be expressed clearly and completely as that of “Logos”. On the contrary, Chinese linguists take sides that language can not be expressed entirely. As an old proverb puts it,“道可道,非常道“。They stand that what language can convey is the outside world of the items rather than the inner essence. The primary distinction between western and Chinese language culture is therefore coming into being.
2. Analysis
2.1 In terms of the forms of language
We didn't know much about each other twenty years ago.
梦返二十载,未识未相知。
We were guided by our intuition; you swept me off my feet.
郎情妾意逢,梦萦拥魂痴。
It was snowing when we got married at the Ahwahnee.
执手永情盟,风雪漂浮时。
Years passed, kids came, good times, hard times, but never bad times.
弹指时光逝,膝前添欢子。共渡苦乐事,依偎温馨知。
Our Love and respect has endured and grown.
相敬如宾影,爱若胜磐石。
We've been through so much together and here we are right back where we started 20 years ago-older, wiser-with wrinkles on our faces and hearts.
共渡星月帆,双十心睿智。唯增两鬓霜,意悦如童稚。
We now know many of life's joys, sufferings, secrets and wonders and we are still here together.
患难同乐行,真意万千紫。
My feet have never returned to the ground.”
惊喜交集道,郎意永超世。
From the above English-Chinese translation excerpts, we know that the Chinese translation is antithetical, together with the last word of sentence that rhymes among themselves. On a whole, it is a terrific translation without reading the origin. However, from some respects, it is too fantastic to be proper. The readers cannot figure out the detailed meanings of the origin author by just reading the translation. If they read the translated writing first and then the origin version, they will be solely surprised. They will find it losing some details and ingredients. All these result from the translator appealing too much attention to choosing beautiful words and antithetical forms. For example,“弹指时光逝,膝前添欢子。共渡苦乐事,依偎温馨知。共渡星月帆,双十心睿智。唯增两鬓霜,意悦如童稚”。Instead, the origin’s words is so simple and direct which lead the reader into the story and feel the touching emotions by himself. Therefore, translators should not draw much focus on the literary form and magnificent words.
2.2 The Artistic Conception
The original language creates a clear and some of humorous climate. The reader can easily sense it. Whereas, the translator makes it a little hazy and romantic, for example“snowing”-漂浮. In China, if we translate “snow” into “大雪纷飞”,it sounds like the disaster is just around the corner. While, if translated into “漂浮”,is sounds like gentle and fragrant and the lovers can even go for a stroll under this wonderful atmosphere. In addition, “you swept me off my feet” forms a sense of humor and is a direct expression. It brings happiness and fun to the reader. However, the Chinese translation“梦萦拥魂痴”creates a deeper and touching emotion which is indirect and hazy.
These difference between western and Chinese language culture leads to the former speaks direct while the latter the other way around.
2.3Abstractive and Specific
When the author wrote“we have been through so much”, we might understand that the couple have experienced many happiness, sorrows and troubles during their life time. Instead, The translator transfers it into“共渡星月帆”. “星月帆”is abstractive and is imaginative. With the three words, the reader can fantasy all the bitter and happy experiences the couple went through. Compared with the abstractive, specific is lacking in the room for people to imagine.
3. Conclusion
From the analysis above, we learn that the differences between western and Chinese language culture can influence translation from these aspects: simplicity of literary form, way of expression, way of choosing words. Whereas, all these result from the essential distinction(“Logos” and“ 道”) between the western and Chinese language culture.