
【本讲教育信息】
一. 教学内容:
Module 6 Old and New
教学目标:
运用本模块所学词汇和短语,掌握含有强烈感情色彩的形容词,学会从形式和功能两个方面识别性和非性定语从句;
学习从自然和人造角度类比和归纳一些常见的词,通过口头介绍长城,介绍家乡的巨变等来加深对文章的了解。
单词:
bulletin canal civil cliff dam engineering gorge hydro-electric reservoir structure terminal date accommodate carving construction relic site Buddhist generate harness historical narrow poem submerge global watchtower remove freezing ridiculous enormous observatory foggy crash
短语:
date from hold back come true make sense
bring an end to
重点词语:
structure terminal date accommodate carving construction generate historical narrow global remove freezing ridiculous enormous foggy crash
date from hold back come true make sense bring an end to
词语要点归纳:
1. The Great Wall of China is the longest man-made structure ever built.
man-made人造的
构词法
复合形容词
1)名词+ 形容词: snow-white, blood-red, world-famous, world-wide, life-long
2)名词+分词: man-eating, water-covered, peace-loving, snow-covered
3)形容词+分词: good-looking, newly-built, poorly-dressed, well-skilled, hard-working, ready-made, locally-owned
4)形容词+名词+ed: warm-hearted, white-haired, kind-hearted, three-legged, one-eyed, four-storied
5)形容词+形容词: dark-brown, ever-green, dark-blue, red-hot
6) 数词+ 名词: five- year-old, 100-word-long
Many students tried out for the _______ race in the sports meeting to be held next week.
A. 800-meters-long B. 800-meter-long
C. 800-meters-length D. 800-meter-length
2. Most of the Great Wall dates from the Ming Dynasty.
date from = date back to
This castle dates from the 14th century.
Our partnership dates back to 1960.
拓展
不用被动语态的短语
belong to
go out
come true
take place
run out
give out
turn off
break out
come out
come up
come to light
Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to _____.
A. be put up B. give in C. be turned on D. go out
3. The airport is within five hours’ flying time of half the world’s population and is designed to accommodate 80 million passengers a year.
five hours’ flying time名词所有格
ten minutes’ walk, Mary’s letter, my sister’s photo,
today’s newspaper, one hour’s drive, China’s industry
The village is far away from here indeed. It’s _______ walk.
A. a four hour B. a four hour’s
C. a four hours D. a four hours’
4. Try to work out what kind of word it is .
work out
1)制定, 拟出
From this data they worked out a developed plan.
2)想出(办法等),研究出,考虑好
He still hadn’t work out how to begin.
3)计算,估计
He settled down at his desk to work out the exact figures.
4)结果良好,有效
We were pleased to see that things had worked out all right.
We didn’t plan our art exhibition like that but it _______very well.
A worked out B tried out C went out D carried out
5. A temple is a place of great importance to Buddhists.
be of + 抽象名词
be of great/much value/importance/use/help = be very valuable/important/useful/helpful
be of + 抽象名词 = be + 名词的形容词形式
This dictionary is a great help to my translation, but that one is of no use.
Be of a/an/the same + n(‘属于,归于’这类抽象名词没有相应的形容词形式)如, be of the same size/weight/height/age/color/kin/type
eg. The two are of an age, but are of different heights.
You will find the map of great __________ in helping you to get round London.
A. price B. cost C. value D. usefulness
6. Is it possible to see the relics now that they have been submerged?
now that 既然
Now that you are a grown-up, you should take up your responsibilities.
Now that there is a rain, we have to put off the out door clinic.
辨析:now that与since
两者都有既然之意,now that 是一个短语连词,常用来引导原因状语从句.口语中, that可省。 now that指新出现的情况或刚发生的动作,since则指已经成为事实的原因, 或人们已知的事实。
Now that you have passed the entrance examination, let’ s hold a party to congratulate you on your success.
Since you are here already, why not stay here for a few more days?
_______ you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.
A. Now that B. After
C. Although D. As soon as
7. Mo Zedong wrote a poem in which he dreamed of “walls of stone to hold back clouds and rain till a smooth lake rises in the narrow gorges”.
hold back
1)阻碍, 阻止
They built banks of earth to hold back the rising flood water.
2)拉住, 忍住
She couldn’t hold back her tears any longer and wept aloud.
3)隐瞒, 保留
Don’t hold anything back, you must tell me everything.
拓展
hold on
hold on to
hold up
hold out
We thought of selling this old furniture, but we’ve decided to _____it. It might be valuable.
A. hold on to B. keep up with
C. turn to D. look after
8. The power of the Yangtze River, which is the world’s third longest river has been harnessed by the Three Gorges Dam.
辨析:power, energy, force & strength
1)power指能力, 引申为势力; 权利
come into power
wind power
Knowledge is power.
I will give you all the help in my power.
2)energy指物理上的能, 或人生理上的精力
Heat is a form of energy.
He is a man full energy.
It’s a waste of time and energy.
3)force指力量, 指力所产生的效果. 指具体的一次,一种力量, 也是科技用语 “力”。
The force of the wind is very strong.
The car was completely wrecked by the force of the collision.
4)strength指体力, 力气
He is a man of great strength.
I haven’t the strength to carry you.
Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas, wind and other forms of ______.
A. force B. energy
C. power D. health
9. Sun Yat-sen, who was the leader of the 1911 Revolution, first suggested the idea of a dam across the Yangtze River in 1919.
suggest
1)建议, 提出建议, 后接名词, 动名词或宾语从句. 宾语从句中谓语用 “ should + 动词原形”, 其中的should常可省略.
Who suggested doing it in this way?
He suggested we come another day.
2)表明, 说明, 后常接名词或宾语从句, 宾语从句用真实语气.
His pale face suggested bad health.
Her expression suggested that she was angry.
--- How do you _____ we go to Beijing for our holidays?
--- I think we ’d better fly there. It’s much more comfortable.
A. insist B. want
C. suppose D. suggest
10. Some of them are being removed and some are being put into museums.
are being removed 和 are being put into… 现在进行时的被动语态
My bike is being repaired now.
Rainforests ______ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.
A. cut B. are cut
C. are being cut D. had been cut
语法知识
非性定语从旬
1. 性定语从句和非性定语从句的区别
1)语法结构上的区别:
性定语从句是主从复合句中重要组成部分, 如果省去, 则句意不清或句子不成立.
This is the boy whose handwriting is the best in our class.
非性定语从句与主句关系松散, 省去从句, 主句意思仍清楚, 不受影响.
I have a boy, whose handwriting is the best in his class.
2)关系代词和关系副词用法上的区别:
性定语从句中, 关系代词和副词可以省略.
This is the city I visited yesterday.
非性定语从句中, 关系代词和副词不能省略.且不用that
He lives in Beijing, which is the heart of our motherland.
2)句子形式上的区别:
性定语从句没有逗号和主句隔开, 而非性定语从句有.
She has a sister who is a musician.
She has a sister, who is a musician.
3)汉语含义的区别:
性定语从句翻译为前置定语“…的”
非性定语从句则译为主语外的另一个分句。
2. 引导非性定语从句的关系代词须注意
1)指物时只用which而不能用that.且which 即可指代先行词, 又可指代整个主句.
He lives in Qingdao, which is only an hour’s ride from here.
I have lost my pen, which I like very much.
New Concept English is intended for foreign students, which is known to all of us.
2)关系代词which和as 引导非性定语从句的区别:
as正如…, 就像…的意思, 而which没有, as引导非性定语从句在从句中做主语或宾语, 可放在主句前或后。而which从句只能放在主句后。
As is known to all, he is the best student in our class.
He opposed the idea, as could be expected.
3)非性定语从句中, 修饰人并在从句中做主语时用关系代词who, 做宾语时用关系代词whom.
Our guide, who was a French-Canadian, was an excellent cook.
She is like Miss Carter, whom I used to meet in Boston.
3. 关系代词的省略
1)在性定语从句中不在介词后做宾语的关系代词可以省略.
2)The way 后做状语的that 或 in which 可省.
3)定语从句为there be 结构的, 可省略做主语的that.
This is the fastest train there is to Beijing.
【模拟试题】(答题时间:40分钟)
I. 单项填空
1. This hotel can _____ 600 guests.
A. stay B. accommodate C. sleep D. live
2. Sally has succeeded in the entrance examination and her dream ____ being a university student will _______.
A. about; be true B. of; come true
C. in; become a fact D. from; turn into practice
3. It is reported that the Chinese movie Hero is very popular with a _____ audience in Beijing.
A. large B. kind C. great D. few
4. The idea suddenly ___ me is that we should go outing.
A. struck B. happening C. which struck D. striking
5. The number of students in this school ____ by 5% every year.
A. rise B. raise C. rises D. raises
6. Jane jumps farther ______.
A. than all the girls B. than any other girl C. than any other girls D. of all the girls
7. Some passengers complain that it usually _____ so long to fill in insurance documents.
A. costs B. takes C. spends D. spares
8. Some countries are increasing their use of natural gas and other forms of ______.
A. source B. energy C. power D. material
9. He came back to the village ____ he spent years in his childhood.
A. which B. that C. of which D. in which
10. Another unmanned spacecraft “Shenzhou II” ____ China greets the 21st century, makes new progress in the century’s space program.
A. for which B. from which C. of which D. with which
11. You should _____ if they began to argue over the problem.
A. hold off them B. hold them off
C. hold back them D. hold them back
12. The Chinese eat less sugar than _____ in the world.
A. any countries B. many other countries
C. any other countries D. any country
13. He prefers _____ to ______.
A. going to school; staying at home
B. to go to school; stay at home
C. to go to school; staying at home
D. going to school; stay at home
14. The railway is _____ construction.
A. on B. in C. during D. under
II. 单词
1. 雕刻品_______ 2. 建造,建设,建筑____ _________
3. (常作复数)历史的遗迹,遗物_______ 4. 场所,遗址______
5. 发电_______ 6. 历史的,有关历史的______
7. 狭窄的_______ 8. 诗,诗歌_____
9. 浸入水中,淹没_____ 10. 全球的_______
11. 望台______ 12. 迁移,搬迁_____
III. Phrases
1. 梦想_______ 2. 阻止______
3. 实现________ 4. 导致空气污染_______
5. 加剧全球变暖_________ 6. 相等的_______
7. 过着幸福的新生活________________ 8. 发电_______
IV. Fill in the blanks
1. The truck is _________(装满了)bananas.
2. The day more and more people are___________ (患/忍受) cancer.
3. The military plane ________(撞到) a mountain in Mongolia.
4. The drop of a bomb___________(结束了) the Second World War.
5. The Great Wall is ___________(曾经修建的最长的人工建筑) ever built.
6. The dam will generate electricity_______(等于)about 40 million tons of coal _________________(而不造成这么多空气污染)
7. __________(不幸的是),burning coal causes serious air pollution and ___________(加快全球变暖).
V. Choose the best answer.
1. The second book____I want to read is the Water Margin by Shi Naian.
A. which B. that C. what D. as
2. Carol said the work would be done by October, ______personally I doubt very much.
A. it B. that C. when D. which
3. Don’t talk about such things _____you are not sure of.
A those B that C what D as
4.The custom _____ the 8th century when people knew little about the earth where they lived.
A dates back to B is dated to C is dated from D dates to
5. John’s careless driving nearly ____him his life.
A. cost B. caused C. took D. lost
6. At last, his dream of studying IT in Beijing University______.
A. realized B. came true C. was true D. came truly
7. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ______she could turn for help.
A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom
VI. Translate the following sentences:
1. 告诉我这件事的那个人拒不说出他的名字。
2. 他弄出的声响把大家都吵醒了。
3. 开了一整天车,他建议在下一个城镇停留。
4. 他送给我这本字典,这是他在书店买的。
5. 我所收到的那封信是约翰写的。
6. 他们谈论到上学时的人和事。
7. 在黑暗的街道上,没有她可以求助的人。
8. 他们需要大量的钱来买一所房子。
VII. Translate the following sentences:
1. 他梦想着有一天成名。
_____________________________________
2. 我们尽力控制大笑。
_____________________________________
3. 现在他梦想成真了。
____________________________________
4. 早在1911年,倡导了辛亥的孙中山先生就首次提出了要在长江修筑大坝的设想。
___________________________________________________________
5. 有些科学家正在努力研究怎样利用潮汐发电。
______________________________________________
6. 我们都建议尽快送他去医院。
_______________________________________________
7. 他来不来对我来说是同样的。
_______________________________________________
8. 作为一名舞蹈演员她无以伦比。
______________________________________________
9. 我们的办公室从青岛搬到了上海。
__________________________________________
10. 他摘下帽子和手套。
_____________________________________________
试题答案
I. BBADC BBBDD DBAD
II.
1. carving 2. construction 3. relic 4. site 5.generate
6. historical 7. narrow 8. poem 9. submerge 10. global
11. watchtower 12. remove
III.
1. dream of 2. hold back 3. come true 4. cause air pollution
5. increase global warming 6. equal to 7.live a happy new life
8. generate electricity
IV.
1. loaded with 2. suffering from 3. crashed into 4. brought an end to
5. the longest man-made structure. 6. equal to without causing so much air pollution 7. Unfortunately increases global warming
V. BDDAABD
VI.
1.The man who told me this thing refused to give me his name.
2. The noise that he made woke everybody up.
3. He, who had been driving all day, suggested stopping at the next town.
4. He gave me this dictionary, which he had bought in the bookshop.
5. The letter which I received was from John.
6. They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.
7. In the dark street, there wasn’t a person to whom she could turn for help.
8. They need a large amount of money to buy a new house.
VII.
1. He dreams of becoming famous one day.
2. We tried to hold back our laughter.
3. Now his dream has come true.
4. Sun yat-sen, who was the leader of the 1911 Revolution, first suggested the idea of a dam across the Yangtze River.
5. Some scientists are working hard at how tide can be harnessed to produced electricity.
6. We all suggested that he (should) be taken to hospital as soon as possible.
7. It’s equal to me whether he comes or not.
8. None of us can equal her as a dancer.
9. Our office has removed from Qingdao to Shanghai.
10. He removed his hat and gloves.
