
spangle 闪闪发光
the Star Spangled Banner 星条旗之歌
banner 条幅
geographical division 地理分区
be abbreviated to 缩写为
be situated 位于
northern temperate zone 北温带
plateau 高原
tableland 台地
highland 高地
the Gulf of Mexico墨西哥湾
boundary line 国界线
prairie 大草原
reach 绵延的大片地区(河流两个弯曲处之间的河段或运河两闸门之间的直水道)
Guam关岛
Puerto Rico 波多黎各
Virgin Island 维尔京群岛
Virgin Marry 圣母玛利亚
inlet 海湾;湖湾; 河湾
habor a place of shelter for ships 海港港口
fishing industry 渔业
havoc 大破坏;浩劫;大混乱
play havoc with (口)造成巨大混乱(或困难)
NAFTA Norhtern America and Mexico Trade Agreement北美自由贸易区
so far as 根据 就。。
travel as far as you like
So far as the geographical features areconcerned, the large territory of the continental United Srates can be divided into 3
basic areas.
the Atlantic Seacoast 太平洋沿岸地带
the Appalachian Mountains 阿巴拉气雅山
the Great Mississippi River Basin密西西比河盆地
the Rockey Mountains落基山
the Middle Atlantic Seacost
the most densely populated region 人口最密集地区
the continental American streches 4,500 kilometers from the Atlantic Ocean on the east to the Pacific Ocean on the west
美国西临大西洋,东濒大西洋, 东西横跨4,500公里
America’s relative position in relation to other
countries
美国和其他国家的相对位置
relieve v. relieve the Uitied States of the burden to maintain a large frontier army along its border
as a matter of fact
the trade between America and Mexico is climbing 美墨贸易额正在攀升
cooperation based on mutual benefit 以互利为原则的合作
Along the Atlantic Seacoast is a narrow plain which begins far up the coast and becomes wider as it goes south.
heavily wooded moutain
deep valley
in the deep south
this area appears to be very flat which rises gradually toward west西高东低
tourist resort旅游胜地
the water supply for cities 城市供水
to creat electric power发电
shortage of fresh water 淡水短缺
cover a distance of some 2,00 kilometers in width
the Middle West中西部
cattle raising牧牛业
majestic雄伟的;庄严的
Arctic北极的;北极地区的
Continental Divide/ Great Divide
watershed 分水岭, 分水线
precipitation降水量
consequently所以
geyser间歇泉
hot spring温泉
mud volcano 泥火山
fossil forests
volcanic glass 火山玻璃, 黑曜岩,松脂岩
the Sierra Nevada
the Great Basin 大盆地
rainfall 降雨
Death Valley 死亡谷
the Coast Ranges
Central valley
alluvium 淤泥,冲击土
irrigate灌溉
sugar beet 甜菜
bean 大豆
Bering Strait 白令海峡
Alaska(1.5 million skm), which faces Russia across the 80 kilometers-wide Bering Strait ,is seperated from mainland America
facilitate make easy or less difficult or more easily achieved
give rise to 导致
sierra 锯齿山脊
cascade小瀑布
owe to都亏了;由于
landform地形地貌
merorable worth remembering; not to be forgotten
the Sun Belt 阳光地带
tropical热带的
harass trouble and annoy continually or repeated
unbroke land 完整的土地
The snow piles up to 6 meters high in someplaces.
A few inches more or a few inches less of rain during the growing season may make the difference between success and failure.
dust storms 沙尘暴
steel mills 钢厂
ore 矿石
taconite
steam plant 蒸汽动力厂
plastic 塑料
coal deposit 矿层
coal reserves矿藏
zinc 锌
copper 铜
silver银
phosphate rock 磷酸盐
oil well 油井
barrel 桶
petroleum 石油
gasoline汽油
offshore area 离岸地区
natual gas 天然气
the shortage of domestic supplies of energy
国内能源短缺
publicize
embargo贸易
arable 可耕的;适于耕地的;
可耕地;大田作
acre英亩
annual 每年的;年度的
acreage an extent of land 一片土地
gas/ oil field 气田 油田
pipeline 管道管线
befit 适合适宜
humid (空气或气候)温暖潮湿的; 温暖湿润的
mileage 英里里程
inland transportation 内陆运输
navigable 可航行的; 可通行的
power genneration 发电
sewer 下水道
drainage basin 流域盆地
dam坝
hydroelectric 水力发电的
seasonal 季节性的
artery 动脉 主要道路 干线
join Missouri joins the Mississippi at St. Louis.
course 行道 课程 讲座
silt 淤泥
chief 主河干
tributary 支流
drain (of a river ) carry off the superfluous water of (a district)
delta 三角洲
be laden with 载重 重负
most large waterways are laden with vast, poisonous volumes of industrial, and human wastes.
be choked with被……堵塞
sandbar (河口处)沙洲;(海岸上的)沙坝
lock 船闸
dredge 挖泥船;挖泥机;疏浚
barge 驳船
the Great Lakes 五大湖
tonage 吨位
vessel船;舰
circuitous 迂回的;绕行的
glaciated 被冰河或冰覆盖的
arid 干旱的干燥的
mighty强大的
freight 大宗货物
Department of the Interior 内政部
convert ocean water into fresh water 淡水转化
hectare 公顷
soil erosion 水土流失
resin 树脂
raw material 原材料
timber 木材; 木料
swine 猪
graze 啃草
pasture 放牧;牧场
Panama Canal Zone
U.S. Air Force 美国空军部
the Navy Department 海军部
jurisdiction 司法权
Midway Islands 中途岛
melting pot 熔炉
descend
be descend from..= be descendants of
是…的后裔
be sparsely populated
Netherlands 荷兰
flock to 成群活动;蜂拥至; 涌向
thousands flocked to America
peak 顶峰;最高点
admit immigrants 吸收移民
Latin America 拉美
reside 居住;定居
inhabitant citizen ; resident
be scattered thoughtout the nation
descent 世系;血统;家世
Caucasian 白种人;高加索人
Polynesian 波利尼西亚人
Filipino 菲律宾人
urbanized population 城市化人口
suburb市郊;郊区
as of 在(某一时刻)
populous 人口稠密的
fetility rate 生育力
one of …= among….
make up over 占…
median 中间的
median age 中年
the U.S. has a white American majority.
compose 组成;构成
Minorities compose just over one-third of the population.
Hispanic 西班牙裔的
Latino 拉美裔的
ethnicity 种族的
census 人口普查;人口调查
triple 三倍
It reached the 200 million mark in 1967.
projection 投影;投射;做估计;对来年的预测
population’s distribution 人口分布
Pacific Islander 太平洋岛民
parent plant 总厂
rural areas 乡下;农村
due in part to 部分由于
infant mortality 婴儿死亡
mortality rate死亡率
extend life expectancy 延长寿命
reveal 展示;显示;使展露
waterfront (城镇的)滨水区;码头区
Los Angeles 洛杉矶
Chicago芝加哥
Philadelphia 费城
the Declaration of Independence 宣言
consititution
lay out (根据计划)布置安排
Washington was laid out by French architect Pierre L’ Enfant.
diversity of national background 多样的国家背景
Scandinavian 斯坎迪亚维亚
the fabric of American society 美国社会结构
the Contistitutional Convention 制宪会议
exercise power 行使权力
confederate联邦的
confederacy 联邦()
committee 委员会
consensus 意见一致
delegate 代表
amend 修改;修订
revision 校订;订正;修订本;订正版
preamble 导言;序言;(法规的)前言;开端
comprise由…..组成;包含
After several revisions were made, the last draft comprisng a preamble 13 articles was written.
adopt 通过;正式批准
ratify (经签署等)正式批准或认可
adopted by Congress and ratified by 13 states of the new nation in 1781
provide (法规)规定
assign 分配;指派
regulate foreign affairs 管理外交事务
declare war 宣战
raise an army 征兵
coin money 铸币
handle relation with 处理和…的关系
subordinate 次要的;下级的
taxing authority 税务权
decree 法令;政令
strike a balance 取得平衡
legislative 立法的;有关立法的
executive branch 行政机构
judicial branch 司法机构
framer 制定者;创作者
grant 同意;答应
vest 授予;赋予;给予(某力职权等)
Article 1 vests all legislative powers in the Congress.
the House of Representative 众议院
the Senate 参议院
stipulate 规定;约定
Arthicle 7 stipulates that the Constitution would become operational after being ratified by nine states.
embed 植入;扎牢;嵌入
embeded in concret 嵌入水泥
republicanism 共和制
federalism 联邦制
seperation of powers 分权
check and balance
in contrast to … 与…相比
the Electorate College 选举团
compromise 和解;妥协
unitary 单元的;一元化的
designate 任命;指派
designated 指定的
power conventration集权
Supreme Court 大
tyranny 暴虐;残暴;专横
abuses of power 滥用权力
arbitrary 的;专断的;任意的;武断的
veto否决(权)
nominate 提名(候选人);任命
principal 第一的;首要的
impeach
override使无效;推翻;驳回
bicameral 两院制的
be composed of 由…组成
consisting of
be made up of
the representation is proportional to each state’s population
chamber 议院
approximate 大概的;约莫的;近似的
initiate 开始;发起
initiate tax bills 起草税务法案
constituent 选民
hierarchical 统治集团的
refer… to 将…提交给…裁定
refer bills to committee
philosophy 哲学;人生观
impartial 不偏不倚的;公正的
floor leader (议会的)政党领袖
partisan 党派的
whip 政党的组织秘书
confirm 批准;确认;是正式生效
the Senate confirms the presidental appointments
cabinet member 内阁成员
reelect 改选;重选
a U.S citizen for a minimum of nine years 至少在美国居住九年
deliberate 从容而谨慎的
prestigious 有威信的;受尊重的
media coverage 媒体报道(量)
the Democrate 民主党
the Republican 共和党
identical 完全一致的
hearing 申诉的(机会)
unanimous 无异议的;一致同意的
consent 同意;准许
reconcile 使和谐;是协调一致
reconcile differeces 协调不同
reach agreement 达成一致
enact 使…成为为法律
in reality 事实上
inaction lack of action
expertise 专长;学问; 专业知识
standing committee 常务委员会
screen bills 筛选法案
draft bills 起草法案
submit 提交;呈递
special/select committee on 特别委员会
joint committee
era 时期
bureaucracy
reprieve 缓刑;缓解
vest 使(财产或权力)归属(某个人)
Aticle ii of the Constitution vests the executive power in the president.
Mandate 授权
The Constitution mandates him to supervise the operation of executive branch of the government’s annal budget for submission to congress.
Discretion at discretion随意 任意
Periodical周期的;偶尔发生的
Expedient 有利的;有效的
He shall judge necessary and expedient.
Convene 召集;组织(会议)
The Constitution also convene either or both houses of Congress on extrordinary occasions.
Diplomat 外交官;外交人员
supply economic aid 经济援助
receive foreign ambassadors 接待外交使节
invariably 总是
humble 恭顺的;低贱的
evolve 是逐步形成,进化,演化
derive 取得;得到;形成
be derived from 有…构成;起源于
inference 推断;推论
wield 行使;运用权力,权威
constitue 组成;构成
All these esrablishments with about three million bureaucracy under the president’s command.
The Cabinet is the core of the administration.
Cntral Intelligent Agency (CIA) 情报局
the secretary of the treasury 财政部
advance policies 促进,支持
the National Security Concil (NSC) 委员会
counsel 律师;法律顾问; ;律师团
aide 副官;助手
