There be 句型难点解析
一、There be 句型常用的时态形式有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时和过去完成时。例如:
1. There is someone at the door to see you. 门口有人找你。
2. There will be a meeting this evening.
今晚有个约会。
3. ---Have there been any letters from Jack lately? 近日有杰克的来信吗?
---No, there hasn’t. 不,没有。
4. There had been many such accidents before you came.
你来之前就有过很多起这样的事故。
二、There be 句型中be 前面可用一些半助动词,如:be about to (就要), be certain to (一定会), be going to (将要),be likely to (可能), be to (要), had better (最好), have to (必须), used to (过去常), appear/seem/happen to (似乎/恰好)等。例如:
1. There used to be a grocery store on the corner. 以前在这个街口有家杂货店。
2. There is certain to be something wrong with the engine. = It appears / is certain that there is something wrong with the engine.
发动机一定是出了毛病。
3. There appears to have been a nasty accident. 似乎有一起严重的事故。
三、 There be 句型中的替换词有:come (来), develop (产生), exist (存在), fall (落下), follow (跟随), happen (发生), lie (躺着), live (住着), occur (发生), remain (还有), rise (升起),stand (站着)等。这些动词可以有时态变化,及物动词还可以有语态变化。例如:
1. There fell a deep silence. 突然一片寂静。
2.There remains one more test to be carried out before putting the instrument into operation. 在使用这一设备之前要完成一项试验。
3. Not long after this, there occurred a sudden revolution in public taste. 此后不久,公众的情趣发生了突然的变化。
4. There stands at the center of the square the Monument to the People’s Heroes. 在广场的矗立着人民英雄纪念碑。
四、There be 句型中,谓语动词和合后面的主语在数方面保持一致。如果有两个或更多的主语,则与离动词最近的那个主语保持一致。例如:
There is only a table, four chairs and a small bed in the room.
房子里有一张桌子,四把椅子和一张小床。
五、There be 句型有不定式、现在分词和动名词形式,在句中用作主语、宾语、定语或状语等。例如:
1. There being a bus stop so near the house is a great advantage.
公共汽车站离家这么近是一个很有利的条件。(There being a bus 用作主语)
2. I don’t want there to be any misunderstanding. 湖北不想引起任何误解。(There to be 作宾语)
3. No one would have dreamt of there being such a fine place.
谁也没想到会有这样的一个好地方。(There being
在句子中作介词of的宾语。需注意的是,结构若出现在介词for的后面则要用动词不定式;若出现在其他介词后面则要用动名词)
4. There being no bus, we had to walk home. 因为没有公共汽车,湖北们只好步行回家。
(“There being + 名词”构成主格结构,在句中作状语)
六、“There be no doing” 表示“不可能做”。例如:
1. There is no holding back the wheel of history. 历史车轮不可阻挡。
2. There’s no saying what he’ll be doing next. 他接下去要做什么,很难断言。
3. There is no bearing such rude remarks. 如此粗话,叫人根本无法忍受。