The International Voluntary Service runs a number of Youth Exchanges throughout the year. Youth Exchanges give small groups of 4-5 young people the opportunity to take part in volunteering trips abroad for an average of two weeks．These young people are joined by 4-5 young people from 3-4 other nationalities and are a wonderful intercultural experience in a safe environment.
Example Youth Exchanges：
Youth Exchange 1
Location：Ireland
Other nationalities：Ireland，Spain，Italy，Hungary
Theme：Focuses on the topic of community reconstruction and community activities—exploring how local issues facing our communities are connected to global issues．The group will also learn about the eco-village as an example of a community and take part in team-building activities.
Youth Exchange 2
Location：France
Other nationalities：Bulgaria，Italy，France
Theme：Organic gardening & continual living．This project will take place in a natural park，where the group will take part in gardening activities and games／workshops about continuous development．
Youth Exchange 3
Location：Macedonia
Other nationalities：Serbia，Turkey，Ireland
Theme：Foster social inclusion and motivate personal development of young people through sports and outdoor activities．Promote outdoor activities as a tool to help inclusion of young people with fewer opportunities．
Youth Exchange 4
Location：Italy
Other nationalities：Italy，Bulgaria，Greece
Theme：A sociaI-environmental project that intends to promote social inclusion and continuable development，regarded as a process of civil rights and active citizenship. Over 10 days, the group will participate in activities to raise awareness about the effect of our behavior on the environment．
1. What do you focus on when travelling in France?
| A．Gardening work. |
| B．Civil rights. |
| C．Developing social inclusion. |
| D．Rebuilding communities. |
| A．Youth Exchange 1 | B．Youth Exchange 2 |
| C．Youth Exchange 3 | D．Youth Exchange 4 |
| A．Spain． | B．Italy. | C．Ireland. | D．France. |
The man lying there, the last member of his tribe, had died and with him an entire culture and answers to a thousand questions.
Even his name was a mystery. He was known only as “the Man of the Hole” because of the dozens of holes he had dug over the years in his territory. His age, too, could only be guessed at. He appeared to be about 60, officials said.
It was a sad milestone for a country that in recent years has seen protections for Indigenous groups undermined by an administration that has prioritized (优先) development of the Amazon over conservation.
In Rondonia, the only resident of the 8,000-hectare area lived in complete isolation for at least 26 years after the rest of his group was killed by ranchers (农场主) advancing the agricultural frontier.
Brazil’s Indigenous protection agency, Funai, made direct contact with the last surviving man only in 1996. Marcelo dos Santos, an Indigenous expert, said he was found hiding in his hut. “We tried to establish a conversation and offered corn and arrows, but he was terrified and very aggressive (具有攻击性). From this moment on, we had to respect his isolation.”
Even with protections in place, the territory suffered widespread deforestation up until about 13 years ago. Attacks on the last surviving man continued, as well, including one by armed gunmen in 2009, according to local news reports.
“For me, he was somehow incredible: to be able to survive on his own, not speak to anybody and avoid all contact maybe out of grief or determination,” said Fionad Watson, a research director at Survival International, a London-based rights organization.
4. What did the death of “the Man of the Hole” suggest?
| A．An uncontacted tribe went extinct. | B．An entire culture would be recorded. |
| C．The secrets around him would be unearthed. | D．The protection agency was unwilling to rescue him. |
| A．strengthened | B．monitored | C．sought | D．weakened |
| A．He made the protection agency’s approach a failure. |
| B．He witnessed the most severe deforestation in history. |
| C．He escaped being shot by a group of aggressive gunmen. |
| D．He learned more survival skills with arrows offered by Funai. |
| A．A mystery | B．An evolution | C．A wonder | D．A fortune |
António Guterres, the UN secretary-general, described the findings as a “thundering wake-up call” to world leaders, while experts called for action against fossil fuel companies.
Although more than 100 countries have promised to reach net zero emissions around mid-century, this would not be enough to avoid climate disasters, according to the UN emissions report, which examines the shortfall (差额) between countries intentions and actions needed on the climate. Many of the net zero commitments were found to be unclear, and unless accompanied by strict cuts in emissions this decade would allow global heating of a potentially disastrous extent.
Guterres said: “The heat is on, and as the contents of the report show, the leadership we need is off. Far off. Countries are wasting a massive opportunity to invest Covid-19 finance and recovery resources in sustainable, cost-saving, planet-saving ways. As world leaders prepare for COP26, that is another thundering wake-up call. How many do we need?”
Inger Andersen, the director of the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) said: “Climate change is no longer a future problem. It is a now problem. To stand a chance of limiting global warming to 1.5℃, we have 8 years to almost halve greenhouse gas emissions: 8 years to make the plans, put in place the policies, carry them out and deliver the cuts. The clock is ticking loudly.”
Emissions fell by about 5. 4% last year during Covid lockdowns, the report found, but only about one-fifth of the economic recovery spending goes towards reducing carbon emissions. This failure to “build back better”, despite promises by governments around the world, cast doubt on the world’s willingness to make the economic shift necessary to settle the climate crisis, the UN said.
In the run-up to COP26, countries were supposed to submit (递交) national plans to cut emissions—called nationally determined contributions (NDCs) —for the next decade, a requirement under the 2015 Paris climate agreement. But the UNEP report found only half of countries had submitted new NDCs, and some governments had presented weak plans.
8. Why were the findings described as a “thundering wake-up call” in Para. 2?
| A．Because the world has failed to live up to its current commitments. |
| B．Because the opportunities presented by covid-19 have been wasted. |
| C．Because the world is falling behind in slowing down temperature rises. |
| D．Because the serious problems were brought about by global fossil fuels. |
| A．current commitments of many countries remain unchanged |
| B．huge gaps are bridged between previous and present proposals |
| C．global sustainable environmental resources develops significantly |
| D．strict measures are taken to reduce emissions in the coming ten years |
| A．To show the number of alarm clocks required. |
| B．To explain the reason for the world’s wasting chances. |
| C．To ask for the number of the countries attending the meeting. |
| D．To stress the need to make the most of resources and reduce emissions. |
| A．Few countries have submitted plans to reduce the emissions. |
| B．Many countries’ plans to cut emissions are far from satisfactory. |
| C．Most of the countries work under the Paris Climate Agreement. |
| D．Much progress in reducing emissions has been made these years. |
First family of four to walk to the South Pole wearing Mickey Mouse ears and clown’s shoes.
No, not really. It isn’t true. I invented it. But I wouldn’t be surprised to see it one day soon. It seems that every week someone becomes ”the first” or “the youngest” or “the oldest” or even “the first married couple” to do something that doesn’t seem to be very useful to the rest of humanity.
This year I’ve seen headlines saying “The youngest person to sail the Atlantic alone”, “The youngest Briton to climb Mount Everest”, and “The first people to fly around the world in a hot air balloon”. Why do they do it? Don’t they have better things to do with their time and money? And why should I be interested anyway?
Human beings have already climbed the highest mountains, sailed across the oceans and flown around the world. People have already reached the most remote parts of our planet. Many of these things were done a long, long time ago. There just isn’t anything left to explore nowadays. I suppose there’s still a lot of the universe left, and the bottom of the oceans is still a bit of a mystery, but you need a lot of technology to explore areas like that. So, those people who feel the need for adventure can only do things that have been done before. So they have to try and do it in a new way, or be “the fastest” or “the youngest” or “the oldest” to do something that isn’t really new at all.
What is so great about climbing Mount Everest these days anyway? It’s become a popular tourist trip. People pay thousands of dollars to be taken up the mountain by the local Sherpas, who lead the way and carry the bags. At any one time there are about a thousand people either climbing up or on their way back down. As a result, Everest is covered with rubbish and the Sherpas have to make special trips up the mountain to pick it up. The climbers are often inexperienced and when they get into trouble other people have to risk their lives to bring them down to safety. Helicopter crews have been killed trying to reach people who were stuck on the mountain.
In January 2003 a helicopter carrying two British men crashed into the sea near Antarctica. I’m not quite sure what they were trying to be “the first” or “the youngest” to do. The Chilean navy picked them up after a nine-hour rescue mission that cost tens of thousands of pounds, all paid for by the Chilean and British taxpayers.
Talking of taxpayers, many Australians are getting a bit fed up with record breakers. A lot of people trying to break sailing or rowing records get into trouble in the seas around Australia, so the Australian navy has to send ships to save them. There have been a lot of difficult, time-consuming rescue missions in recent years costing the Australian government millions of dollars. I suppose we can’t just leave them to drown, but personally, I think we should give the bill to the people who are rescued. Perhaps they would think twice about doing it if they had to pay for expensive insurance premiums (保费). Then I wouldn’t have to read about them in the newspapers either.
12. The writer invents the newspaper headline in paragraphs 1 & 2 to ________.
| A．persuade readers of a new trend | B．entertain readers with his humor |
| C．get readers interested in the topic | D．remind readers of an important event |
| A．Mount Everest is now covered with a lot of rubbish |
| B．climbing Mount Everest has already lost its true meaning |
| C．it’s impossible to climb up Mountain Everest without help |
| D．people without experience may get in trouble or even danger |
| A．They have to pay for the costs of rescuing the record breakers. |
| B．The Australian navy was not something intended for rescue work. |
| C．The record breakers should pay for their insurance premiums themselves. |
| D．A great number of people try to break records in the seas around Australia. |
| A．It’s All Been Done Before | B．Never Do Something New |
| C．You Are the Next Record Breaker | D．Be Responsible for Your Adventures |
They were right. I am dependent on my sales team, not the other way around. 17 . As a leader, what I can accomplish is not just what I can do myself but what everyone on my team does.
Companies in every country operate in ways that are right for their own cultures. 18 One of those is that it is better to inspire than to direct. Yes, people will do what their bosses tell them to do in most organizations. But great leaders do not just want to secure compliance (顺从). They want to elicit genuine enthusiasm, complete trust, and real dedication. 19 . If they believe in your organization’s mission and they believe in you, they will not only do their daily tasks well, but they will do them with true passion..
No one won more hearts than my beloved husband Dave Goldberg who passed away suddenly two months ago. Dave was an inspiring leader. He was kind. He was generous. He was thoughtful. 20 . He did it as CEO of SurveyMonkey, an amazing company that he helped build. He did it for me and for our children.
Leadership is about making others better as a result of your presence and making sure that impact lasts in your absence. Like Dave, you can do this for others over the course of your career.
| A．If they fall short, it is my mistake. |
| B．At the time, I thought my professors were wrong. |
| C．He raised the level of performance of everyone around him. |
| D．They don’t just win the minds of their teams, they win their hearts. |
| E．But I believe there are some principles of leadership that are universal. |
| F．And different cultures shape different company principles to boost production. |
| G．Our friend Bill Gurley wrote a post where he urged others to “Be Like Dave.” |
So over the next five or six days, I told him whatever he wanted to know, and he’d lie there, all _______, a gentle smile breaking through. He’d ask me about the big things and the little things. About our guardians (看护人), about the football, the rounders, the little path, the duck pond, the food, the view from the Art room over the fields on a foggy morning. Sometimes he’d make me say things ________; things I’d told him only the day before, he’d ask about like I’d ________ told him. “Did you have a pond?” “Which guardian was your special favorite?” At first I thought this was just the drugs, but then I realized his mind was ________ enough. What he wanted was not just to ________ Hailsham, but to remember Hailsham, just like it had been his own childhood. He knew he was ________ to death and so that’s what he was doing: getting me to describe things to him, so they’d really sink in, so that maybe during those sleepless nights, with the drugs and the pain and the exhaustion, the line would blur (变得模糊) between what were my ________ and what were his.
21.
| A．impression | B．suggestion | C．reaction | D．recommendation |
| A．come through | B．come up with | C．come across | D．come down with |
| A．deserve it | B．mean it | C．take it | D．make it |
| A．unbearable | B．ordinary | C．beautiful | D．orderly |
| A．hands | B．mind | C．strain | D．control |
| A．when | B．where | C．how | D．whether |
| A．slightly | B．hesitantly | C．admittedly | D．desperately |
| A．Instead | B．Otherwise | C．Moreover | D．Therefore |
| A．interested | B．shocked | C．confused | D．depressed |
| A．once and for all | B．far and wide | C．over and over | D．in no time |
| A．always | B．never | C．ever | D．usually |
| A．clear | B．simple | C．peaceful | D．absent |
| A．refer to | B．hear about | C．live in | D．think of |
| A．indifferent | B．scared | C．close | D．bored |
| A．descriptions | B．imaginations | C．ideas | D．memories |
In 1818 Mary Shelley published Frankenstein, the story of a scientist who tries to create a superior, being and instead creates a monster. In the last two centuries, this story 36 (tell) over and over again in countless variations. At first sight, the Frankenstein story appears to warn us that if we try to play God and engineer life we will be punished severely. Yet the story has a 37 (deep) meaning.
The Frankenstein myth confronts. Homo sapiens (智人) with the fact that the last days are fast approaching. 38 some nuclear or ecological disaster strikes, the pace of technological development will soon lead to the replacement of Homo sapiens by completely different beings who possess not only different physiques, but also very different cognitive and emotional worlds. This is something most Sapiens find extremely worrying. We like to believe that in the future people just 39 us will travel from planet to planet in fast spaceships. We don’t like to think about the 40 (possible) that in the future, beings with emotions and identities like ours will no longer exist, and our place will be taken by alien life forms 41 abilities beat our own.
We seek comfort in the fantasy that Dr. Frankenstein can create only terrible monsters, whom we would have to destroy in order to save the world. We like to tell the story that way because it implies that we are 42 best of all beings, that there never was and never will be anything better than us. Any attempt 43 (improve) us will inevitably fail, because even if our bodies might be improved, you cannot touch the human spirit.
We would have a hard time 44 (accept) the fact that scientists could engineer spirits as well as bodies, and that future Dr. Frankenstein could therefore create something 45 (true) superior to us, something that will look at us as condescendingly (居高临下地) as we look at the Neanderthals (穴居人).
46. Little ________ Harold Bride ________ (know) that he would play a part in one of the worst disasters at sea the world had ever seen. (所给词的适当形式填空)
47. ________ ________ he was (尽管他还是个孩子), he managed to sound the alarm when the fire broke out. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
48. Up into the blue sky ________ (fly) the bird when we passed by its nest. (所给词的适当形式填空)
49. I was in trouble in overcoming my addiction to alcohol, and ________ was my friend Mike. (用适当的词填空)
50. ________ (seat) under the tree was Saul, spear in hand, with all his officials standing around him. (所给词的适当形式填空)
51. Standing inside ________ (be) lots of strange creatures with white skin and large black eyes, who seemed very frightened and worried. (所给词的适当形式填空)
52. When______ (ask) for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding. (所给词的适当形式填空)
53. Engineers noticed that the pipes were not expanding as ________ (expect). (所给词的适当形式填空)
54. It was after Mrs Dodd became an adult ________she realized the strength and selflessness her father had shown in raising his children as a single parent. (用适当的词填空)
55. Easy access to material, abundant high-tech human resources, and c________ transportation are the main factors to set up a factory in Wuxi. (根据首字母单词拼写)
56. A university graduate is expected to be c________ of addressing such a problem even under stress. (根据首字母单词拼写)
57. The police are a________ to the public for any information about the missing girl. (根据首字母单词拼写)
58. It is reported that Apple will l________ a new product next week. (根据首字母单词拼写)
59. Made from bamboo and f________ traditional Chinese paintings, Weifang Kite was included in the national level intangible cultural heritage lists in 2006. (根据首字母单词拼写)
60. Some of this art was sold abroad, while much of the rest was completely d________ or lost during the war. (根据首字母单词拼写)
61. Memories f________ in my mind and various images came up vividly. (根据首字母单词拼写)
62. As the world’s resources become rarer, the natural habitats of animals continue to decrease. As a result, the s________ of some species is threatened. (根据首字母单词拼写)
63. Closing these branches is one of the long-term s________ of our company to cut costs while improve efficiency. (根据首字母单词拼写)
. Demonstrators staged a peaceful p________ outside the UN Headquarters against the new working policy. (根据首字母单词拼写)
65. If temperatures continue to rise, it could have disastrous c________ for agriculture. (根据首字母单词拼写)
66. He must be fairly intelligent, o________ he wouldn’t have got into Stanford University. (根据首字母单词拼写)
67. Mr Baker’s assistant telephoned to c________ his appointment with the chairman. (根据首字母单词拼写)
68. It suddenly o________ to me that he might have forgotten the conference completely. (根据首字母单词拼写)
69. She stormed off and c________ the door shut behind her. (根据首字母单词拼写)
70. I came to believe that everything would turn out to be fine in the end and more opportunities were ________ ________ (即将发生) for us. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
71. Central banks and governments helped ________ ________ ________ (注入活力) the global economy and reduce the effects of the crisis. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
72. These dangerous chemicals are ________ ________ (逐渐增加) in our lakes and ponds, threatening most living things inside. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
73. He quickly ________ ________ ________ (耗尽) money with such a lifestyle, and it was not until then that he started to regret. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
74. She was overjoyed when the police sent the child to her ________ ________ ________ (安然无恙). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
75. Much ________ ________ ________ (使她欣慰的是), someone had recognized her missing puppy and returned it to her. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
76. The woman was ________ ________ ________ ________ (正要做某事) giving birth when ambulance staff arrived. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
77. Once I made a fortune, the first thing that ________ ________ me (突然想起) was to help the community as much as I could. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
78. 文学的第二个特质是在于它能打动我们的情感，启发我们的想象力。(汉译英)
79. 作为世界上最大的雨林, 它在维系地球生态系统的微妙平衡上扮演着举足轻重的角色。(汉译英)
80. 人们抬头仰望, 眼前景象让他们感到莫名恐惧, 只见一团庞大的云从火山口喷薄而出。(汉译英)
81. 假如你是李华, 你的好友Alice发来邮件说她因为体重过重很苦恼、焦虑。请你给她回封邮件, 内容包括:
1. 表示理解;
2. 提出建议。(至少两点)
注意:
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Dear, Alice,
I’m sorry to hear that
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
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